Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sylvain Auvity, Dominique Vodovar, Sebastien Goutal, Salvatore Cisternino, Lucie Chevillard, Amelie Soyer, Michel Bottlaender, Fabien Caille, Bruno Megarbane, Nicolas Tournier
Summary: This study investigated the interaction between buprenorphine and benzodiazepines at the neuroreceptor level using PET imaging. The results showed that buprenorphine and benzodiazepines did not significantly affect receptor binding and kinetics in the brain.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael Maes, Joao Victor Nani, Cristiano Noto, Lucas Rizzo, Mirian A. F. Hayashi, Elisa Brietzke
Summary: The study found that bipolar disorder is associated with simultaneous activation of the immune-inflammatory response system and the compensatory immune-regulatory system, which may be related to the staging of the illness. Immune injuries and HCMV infection in BD patients contribute to dysfunctional CIRS and exaggerated IRS responses, playing a key role in inflammation and neuroaffective toxicity.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Oskari Kantonen, Lauri Laaksonen, Michael Alkire, Annalotta Scheinin, Jaakko Langsjo, Roosa E. Kallionpaa, Kaike Kaisti, Linda Radek, Jarkko Johansson, Timo Laitio, Anu Maksimow, Joonas Scheinin, Mikko Nyman, Mika Scheinin, Olof Solin, Tero Vahlberg, Antti Revonsuo, Katja Valli, Harry Scheinin
Summary: We investigated the differences in brain activity between connectedness and disconnectedness during anesthesia by administering various anesthetics to subjects. Using PET, it was found that the level of thalamic activity differed between these states. Compared to the placebo group, widespread cortical metabolic suppression was observed in both connected and disconnected subjects, suggesting that these findings may represent necessary but alone insufficient mechanisms for the change in the state of consciousness.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Isabelle Ripp, Lara A. Wallenwein, Qiong Wu, Monica Emch, Kathrin Koch, Paul Cumming, Igor Yakushev
Summary: The study demonstrated neural activation induced by working memory tasks using a clinical FDG-PET imaging protocol, showing increased relative FDG uptake in brain regions associated with working memory during task performance, with overlap in metabolically active regions and regions showing task-dependent increases in BOLD signal in simultaneous fMRI. These findings support the development of specialized protocols for tracking neural correlates of cognitive function.
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaotian T. Fang, Takuya Toyonaga, Ansel T. Hillmer, David Matuskey, Sophie E. Holmes, Rajiv Radhakrishnan, Adam P. Mecca, Christopher H. van Dyck, Deepak Cyril D'Souza, Irina Esterlis, Patrick D. Worhunsky, Richard E. Carson
Summary: This study demonstrates that human brain synaptic density can be characterized into organized covariance patterns. Additionally, the findings suggest that multiple synaptic density source networks are associated with age, highlighting the potential utility of ICA in identifying biologically relevant synaptic density source networks.
Article
Neurosciences
Arianna Sala, Aldana Lizarraga, Isabelle Ripp, Paul Cumming, Igor Yakushev
Summary: This article discusses a number of fundamental issues raised by the study conducted by Jamadar et al., including terminology choice, interpretation of cross-modal findings, group-to-single subject level inferences, and the significance of metabolic connectivity as a biomarker. The authors argue that both sPET and fPET can provide valuable information about brain connectivity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gayatri Saraf, Jairo Vinicius Pinto, Ariana Cahn, Adam George White, Elham Shahinfard, Nasim Vafai, Vesna Sossi, Lakshmi N. Yatham
Summary: Using PET scanning with [C-11]raclopride tracer, this study investigated dopamine release in the basal ganglia of euthymic BD patients and healthy controls in response to stress. While stress led to dopamine release in all participants, there was no significant difference in dopamine release between euthymic BD patients and healthy controls during a stress task.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Meichen Liu, Xueting Xie, Jinghui Xie, Shiyun Tian, Xuemei Du, Hongbo Feng, Huimin Zhang
Summary: This case report describes a case of early-onset Alzheimer's disease with atypical symptoms that were initially misdiagnosed as depression. The combination of neuropsychological scales and neuroimaging examinations, including MRI and PET imaging, played a crucial role in the early diagnosis and identification of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cecilia Boccalini, Federica Ribaldi, Ines Hristovska, Annachiara Arnone, Debora Elisa Peretti, Linjing Mu, Max Scheffler, Daniela Perani, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Valentina Garibotto
Summary: Tau and neurodegeneration are strongly correlated with cognitive impairment in memory clinics, with tau showing the strongest association with cognitive decline over time. The use of tau PET imaging in memory clinics provides superior prognostic value compared to other neuroimaging modalities.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Annika Hess, Tobias Borchert, Tobias L. Ross, Frank M. Bengel, James T. Thackeray
Summary: This study utilized molecular imaging to evaluate the immune response and cardiac healing following myocardial infarction (MI) and found that suppression of macrophages resulted in a prolonged inflammatory response and adverse outcomes.
BASIC RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ahmed Haider, Xiaoyun Deng, Olivia Mastromihalis, Stefanie K. Pfister, Troels E. Jeppesen, Zhiwei Xiao, Vi Pham, Shaofa Sun, Jian Rong, Chunyu Zhao, Jiahui Chen, Yinlong Li, Theresa R. Connors, April T. Davenport, James B. Daunais, Vahid Hosseini, Wenqing Ran, Arthur Christopoulos, Lu Wang, Celine Valant, Steven H. Liang
Summary: This study aimed to develop a suitable M4 PET ligand for the non-invasive visualization of M4 in the brain. The compound 12 was identified as a subtype-selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) and its radiofluorinated analogue showed moderate specificity in rodent brain sections. However, in non-human primates and humans, the presence of carbachol did not improve the specificity and selectivity of the radioligand.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Marie Beaurain, Franck Talmont, Damien Pierre, Patrice Peran, Samuel Boucher, Anne Hitzel, Marie-Pierre Rols, Olivier Cuvillier, Pierre Payoux, Salabert Anne-Sophie
Summary: Dysfunction of NMDA receptors is central to the pathophysiology of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, but its mechanisms are not well understood. This study describes the development of a PET tracer that can selectively bind to the NMDA receptors and visualize them in an open and active state. It also demonstrates the tracer's ability to detect activated NMDA receptors in a rat model of excitotoxicity.
MOLECULAR IMAGING AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Moath Said Alfawara, Ahmed Ibrahim Ahmed, Jean Michel Saad, Yushui Han, Fares Alahdab, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Mahwash Kassi, Talal Alnabelsi, William A. Zoghbi, Mouaz H. Al-Mallah
Summary: This study evaluated the use of serum beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) to identify adequate suppression of the left ventricle (LV) in patients undergoing cardiac inflammatory/infectious studies. The results showed that serum BHB level can be used to determine sufficient LV suppression.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Linghui Kong, Qian He, Qiu Li, Rudy Schreiber, Kenneth I. Kaitin, Liming Shao
Summary: CNS drug discovery has a high failure rate, but the use of neuroimaging techniques such as MRI, PET, and SPECT in clinical trials for prevalent CNS diseases has been increasing. Understanding the methods used and their purposes can help reduce attrition rates and improve drug development.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Sofi da Cunha-Bang, Vibe G. Frokjaer, Brenda Mc Mahon, Peter Steen Jensen, Claus Svarer, Gitte Moos Knudsen
Summary: This study investigated the association between brain serotonin transporter (SERT) levels and trait impulsive aggression. The results showed no significant association between SERT binding and trait impulsive aggression. Therefore, this study does not support the involvement of SERT in mediating serotonergic effects on aggression and impulsivity.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Kelly Ann Ryan, Pallavi Babu, Rebecca Easter, Erika Saunders, Andy Jinseok Lee, Predrag Klasnja, Lilia Verchinina, Valerie Micol, Brent Doil, Melvin G. McInnis, Amy M. Kilbourne
JMIR MENTAL HEALTH
(2020)
Article
Psychiatry
Melvin G. McInnis, Stephen B. Thompson, Sofia D. Merajver, Carl E. Schneider
Summary: Suicide involves complex behaviors and emotions, with depression being the most common factor. Policies that lower access to means for suicide can decrease fatality. Limiting access to guns for those at higher risk for suicide is crucial.
ASIA-PACIFIC PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tijana Sagorac Gruichich, Juan Camilo David Gomez, Gabriel Zayas-Caban, Melvin G. McInnis, Amy L. Cochran
Summary: This study introduces a brief digital survey, digiBP, for measuring mood in patients with bipolar disorder and validates its internal, external, and longitudinal measurement properties through various analyses. The results demonstrate that the scores from digiBP can effectively explain variation in mood scores and serve as a longitudinal measurement tool.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ivy F. Tso, Cynthia Z. Burton, Carly A. Lasagna, Saige Rutherford, Beier Yao, Scott J. Peltier, Timothy D. Johnson, Melvin G. McInnis, Stephan F. Taylor
Summary: Individuals with bipolar disorder exhibit deficits in social cognition, with impaired functioning of the mentalizing brain system highlighted by reduced activation in the medial prefrontal cortex and temporo-parietal junction during an eye gaze perception task. These findings suggest that investigating aberrant functions of the mentalizing system could provide insights into social dysfunction and potential treatment targets.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
John Gideon, Melvin G. McInnis, Emily Mower Provost
Summary: Automatic speech emotion recognition provides computers with important context for user understanding. While current methods often fail when applied to unseen datasets, recent research has focused on adversarial methods to create more generalized representations of emotional speech. The introduced Adversarial Discriminative Domain Generalization (ADDoG) method improves cross-dataset generalization by iteratively moving representations learned for each dataset closer to one another.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AFFECTIVE COMPUTING
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Soheil Khorram, Melvin G. McInnis, Emily Mower Provost
Summary: In this study, a new convolutional neural network called multi-delay sinc network is introduced, which can align and predict emotion labels simultaneously. By utilizing delayed sinc layers, the network is able to learn time-varying delays and achieve state-of-the-art speech results when predicting dimensional descriptors of emotions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AFFECTIVE COMPUTING
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Melvin G. McInnis, Ole A. Andreassen, Ana C. Andreazza, Uri Alon, Michael Berk, Teri Brister, Katherine E. Burdick, Donghong Cui, Mark Frye, Marion Leboyer, Philip B. Mitchell, Kathleen Merikangas, Andrew A. Nierenberg, John Nurnberger, Daniel Pham, Eduard Vieta, Lakshmi N. Yatham, Allan H. Young
Summary: Bipolar disorder is a complex condition with onset in late adolescence, complicated by comorbid medical and psychiatric disorders. The etiology and reliable biological markers remain unknown, suggesting the need for large-scale global longitudinal studies to determine causes and improve treatment.
Article
Psychiatry
Alyson Zwicker, Janice M. Fullerton, Niamh Mullins, Frances Rice, Danella M. Hafeman, Neeltje E. M. van Haren, Nikita Setiaman, John A. Merranko, Benjamin I. Goldstein, Alessandra G. Ferrera, Emma K. Stapp, Elena de la Serna, Dolores Moreno, Gisela Sugranyes, Sergio Mas Herrero, Gloria Roberts, Claudio Toma, Peter R. Schofield, Howard J. Edenberg, Holly C. Wilcox, Melvin G. McInnis, Victoria Powell, Lukas Propper, Eileen Denovan-Wright, Guy Rouleau, Josefina Castro-Fornieles, Manon H. J. Hillegers, Boris Birmaher, Anita Thapar, Philip B. Mitchell, Cathryn M. Lewis, Martin Alda, John I. Nurnberger, Rudolf Uher
Summary: The authors found that polygenic scores (PGSs) can complement family history to improve identification of risk for major mood and psychotic disorders. PGSs for neuroticism and subjective well-being are significantly associated with the onsets of disorders, and PGSs for psychiatric illness have limited predictive power when family history is known.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jonathan S. Emens, David Kagan, Samuel Warshaw, Zoey Jopling, Muneer Rizvydeen, Anastasia K. Yocum, Melvin G. McInnis, Helen J. Burgess
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vipavee Niemsiri, Sara Brin Rosenthal, Caroline M. Nievergelt, Adam X. Maihofer., Maria C. Marchetto., Renata. Santos, Tatyana Shekhtman, Ney Alliey-Rodriguez, Amit Anand, Yokesh Balaraman, Wade H. Berrettini, Holli Bertram, Katherine E. Burdick, Joseph R. Calabrese, Cynthia V. Calkin, Carla Conroy, William H. Coryell, Anna DeModena, Lisa T. Eyler, Scott Feeder, Carrie Fisher, Nicole Frazier, Mark A. Frye, Keming Gao, Julie Garnham, Elliot S. Gershon, Fernando S. Goes, Toyomi Goto, Gloria J. Harrington, Petter Jakobsen, Masoud Kamali, Marisa Kelly, Susan G. Leckband, Falk W. Lohoff, Michael J. McCarthy, Melvin G. McInnis, David Craig, Caitlin E. Millett, Francis Mondimore, Gunnar Morken, John I. Nurnberger, Claire O'Donovan, Ketil J. Oedegaard, Kelly Ryan, Martha Schinagle, Paul D. Shilling, Claire Slaney, Emma K. Stapp, Andrea Stautland, Bruce Tarwater, Peter P. Zandi, Martin Alda, Kathleen M. Fisch, Fred H. Gage, John R. Kelsoe
Summary: This study aims to identify functional genes and pathways that distinguish lithium responders from non-responders in bipolar disorder. Through integrative analysis of transcriptomic and genomic data, several candidate genes and functional networks related to focal adhesion and the extracellular matrix were identified.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Amy Cochran, Jacob M. Maronge, Amanda Victory, Sydney Hoel, Melvin G. McInnis, Emily B. K. Thomas
Summary: This study investigated the effectiveness of a mobile version of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for individuals with bipolar disorder (BP). The findings suggest that the mobile ACT had an impact on the participants' mood, but do not support further large-scale studies.
JMIR MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Himanshu K. Mishra, Heather Wei, Kayla E. Rohr, Insu Ko, Caroline M. Nievergelt, Adam X. Maihofer, Paul D. Shilling, Martin Alda, Wade H. Berrettini, Kristen J. Brennand, Joseph R. Calabrese, William H. Coryell, Mark Frye, Fred Gage, Elliot Gershon, Melvin G. McInnis, John Nurnberger, Ketil J. Oedegaard, Peter P. Zandi, John R. Kelsoe, Michael J. McCarthy
Summary: Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by mood episodes, disrupted circadian rhythms, and gray matter reduction in the brain. Lithium, an effective pharmacotherapy for BD, has neuroprotective properties and beneficial effects on circadian rhythms that may distinguish lithium responders (Li-R) from non-responders (Li-NR). Patterns of co-expression among circadian clock and cell survival genes were found in BD patients and controls, as well as in Li-R vs. Li-NR cells. The coordination between circadian clock and cell survival genes in BD may help predict lithium response.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tobin J. Ehrlich, Hanjoo Kim, Kelly A. Ryan, Scott A. Langenecker, Elizabeth R. Duval, Anastasia K. Yocum, Claudia Diaz-Byrd, Anna L. Wrobel, Olivia M. Dean, Sue M. Cotton, Michael Berk, Melvin G. McInnis, David F. Marshall
Summary: This study evaluated the relationship between childhood trauma and cognition in individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder. It found that higher childhood trauma was associated with worse memory functioning in bipolar disorder patients. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding the long-term cognitive outcomes of childhood trauma in bipolar disorder.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kelly A. Ryan, Shawna N. Smith, Anastasia K. Yocum, Isabel Carley, Celeste Liebrecht, Bethany Navis, Erica Vest, Holli Bertram, Melvin G. McInnis, Amy M. Kilbourne
Summary: The Life Goals self-management app showed feasibility among individuals with BD, with higher user engagement observed in the initial 3 months, particularly with the mood modules. While most participants found the app easy to use and adequate in displaying materials, it showed low success in encouraging self-management within this small sample.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Benjamin M. Aertker, Akshita Kumar, Fanni Cardenas, Franciska Gudenkauf, David Sequeira, Alan R. Prossin, Amit K. Srivastava, Charles S. Cox, Supinder S. Bedi
Summary: This study investigated the role of immune cells in TBI by analyzing the changes in density of activated brain microglia. The findings showed that injured animals had higher PBR28suv levels and increased density of amoeboid microglia/macrophages in specific brain regions compared to sham animals. The technologies evaluated may serve as bio-signatures of neuroinflammation following severe brain injury in small animals, potentially enabling in vivo tracking of neuroinflammation and cellular-based therapies.
Review
Neurosciences
Maya Jammoul, Dareen Jammoul, Kevin K. Wang, Firas Kobeissy, Ralph G. Depalma
Summary: This article reviews the possible mechanisms by which traumatic brain injury (TBI) may stimulate the development of opioid use disorder (OUD) and discusses the interaction between these two processes. CNS damage due to TBI appears to drive adverse effects of subsequent OUD, with pain being a risk factor for opioid use after TBI.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Danusa Mar Arcego, Jan-Paul Buschdorf, Nicholas O'Toole, Zihan Wang, Barbara Barth, Irina Pokhvisneva, Nirmala Arul Rayan, Sachin Patel, Euclides Jose de Mendonca Filho, Patrick Lee, Jennifer Tan, Ming Xuan Koh, Chu Ming Sim, Carine Parent, Randriely Merscher Sobreira de Lima, Andrew Clappison, Kieran J. O'Donnell, Carla Dalmaz, Janine Arloth, Nadine Provencal, Elisabeth B. Binder, Josie Diorio, Patricia Pelufo Silveira, Michael J. Meaney
Summary: This study investigates the impact of environmental influences on mental health by integrating transcriptomic data from animal models with human data. The results suggest that hippocampal glucocorticoid-related transcriptional activity mediates the effects of early adversity on neural mechanisms implicated in psychiatric disorders.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Milenna T. van Dijk, Ardesheer Talati, Pratik Kashyap, Karan Desai, Nora C. Kelsall, Marc J. Gameroff, Natalie Aw, Eyal Abraham, Breda Cullen, Jiook Cha, Christoph Anacker, Myrna M. Weissman, Jonathan Posner
Summary: This study found that maternal stress is associated with future depressive symptoms and alterations in microstructure of the dentate gyrus (DG) in offspring. These results were consistent across two independent cohorts.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Josephine C. McGowan, Liliana R. Ladner, Claire X. Shubeck, Juliana Tapia, Christina T. LaGamma, Amanda Anqueira-Gonzalez, Ariana DeFrancesco, Briana K. Chen, Holly C. Hunsberger, Ezra J. Sydnor, Ryan W. Logan, Tzong-Shiue Yu, Steven G. Kernie, Christine A. Denny
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to fear generalization by altering fear memory traces, and this symptom can be improved with (R,S)-ketamine.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)