Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Annalisa Pastore, Piero Andrea Temussi
Summary: In vitro studies have shown that the unfolded state of proteins can vary depending on the stress conditions. This review focuses on the level of compaction of unfolded species under different conditions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Konstantinos Stamatiou, Evangelia Samara, Richard Lacroix, Hippocrates Moschouris, Gianpaolo Perletti, Vittorio Magri
Summary: Chronic prostatic inflammation can be classified into three types based on microbiological findings. A retrospective study reviewed consecutive cases to explore the clinical course and outcomes, dividing patients into two major groups with transitions between different CP classes during the course.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Igor Sfiligoi, George Armstrong, Antonio Gonzalez, Daniel McDonald, Rob Knight
Summary: UniFrac is a widely used tool in microbiome research for comparing microbiome profiles. This study adapts UniFrac to be used on graphics processing units, resulting in a significant improvement in computational performance. The tool is successfully applied to the largest 16S rRNA V4 microbiome dataset analyzed to date.
Article
Immunology
Francesca Ferrazzo, Sara Leto, Natalia Malara
Summary: In the context of global infection prevention and control, vaccine strategies are expected to increase rapidly, providing individuals with various options to enhance their immune system. Understanding the uniqueness of the immune system is crucial for improving strategies that involve recognizing and attacking foreign antigens. However, repetitive stimulation of the immune system may lead to risks such as loss of self-identification, loss of self-codification, and an increase in antigen-antibody entities. By monitoring antibody responses, personalized vaccine plans can safeguard the uniqueness of the immune system and ensure safe protection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Political Science
Daniela Cristofoli, Maria Cucciniello, Marta Micacchi, Benedetta Trivellato, Alex Turrini, Giovanni Valotti
Summary: This paper explores different and alternative models of robustness in coping with turbulence through a qualitative comparative analysis of vaccination campaigns in Italy. The results highlight the importance of learning and adaptability in robust governance.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
(2023)
Article
Economics
Angela Ambrosino, Mario Cedrini, John B. Davis
Summary: This paper draws upon Luigi Pirandello's famous novel "One, No One and One Hundred Thousand" of 1926 to examine the recent past, current status, and potential future of economics. Through an open/closed system perspective, it explores the relationship between economics and other social science disciplines during the era of economics imperialism, as well as the identity crisis faced by economics in the face of reverse imperialisms by other social sciences. Ultimately, the paper envisions a future of pluralism for the discipline based on recognition of its multifaceted identity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jiawei Gao, Monika Korte, Sanja Panovska, Zhaojin Rong, Yong Wei
Summary: The geomagnetic field plays a crucial role in shielding the Earth from energetic particles. Over the last 100,000 years, geomagnetic excursions have occurred, leading to changes in the field strength and morphology. By using paleomagnetic field models, researchers are able to reconstruct the geomagnetic shielding effect and gain insights into the long-term evolution of the Earth's magnetic field.
JOURNAL OF SPACE WEATHER AND SPACE CLIMATE
(2022)
Review
Allergy
Oliver Pfaar, Peter S. Creticos, Joerg Kleine-Tebbe, Giorgio Walter Canonica, Oscar Palomares, Stefan Schuelke
Summary: Allergen immunotherapy is the only disease-modifying treatment option for type 1-mediated allergic diseases, but there is still a need for improvement in clinical efficacy and tolerability. Current innovative approaches include the development of biologicals, allergen-derived peptides, recombinant allergens, Toll-like receptor agonists, other adjuvants, and novel application routes for future AIT.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2021)
Review
Allergy
Oliver Pfaar, Jean Bousquet, Stephen R. Durham, Joerg Kleine-Tebbe, Mark Larche, Graham Roberts, Mohamed H. Shamji, Roy Gerth van Wijk
Summary: Over the past 110 years, allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has evolved as the most important pillar of the treatment of allergic patients, providing disease-modifying therapy with broad and undisputed clinical efficacy and safety evidence. Innovative approaches are continuously being developed to improve clinical improvement, with a focus on adjuvants, peptides, and new routes of administration.
Article
Ethnic Studies
Egle Gusciute, Peter Muhlau, Richard Layte
Summary: Using data from the European Social Survey (2008-2016) and the Labour Force Survey (2007-2016), this paper examines whether individuals in occupations and sectors facing economic decline and with a higher representation of migrants are more likely to express anti-immigration sentiment. The study finds that positive job growth is associated with pro-immigration sentiment, while a greater share of migrants within occupations and sectors is linked to greater opposition towards immigration.
ETHNIC AND RACIAL STUDIES
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Luka Kropivsek, Samo Roskar, Lenart Andrej Zore, Vane Antolic, Blaz Mavcic
Summary: This study analyzed a cohort of 2943 consecutive patients who underwent primary Link Lubinus SP II hip endoprosthesis implantation at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, between 1985 and 2018. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression were used to determine the survival rates of these implants at 10/15/20/25/30 years after implantation. The results showed excellent long-term survival rates for the Link Lubinus SP II implants, with lower risk of implant removal associated with higher patient age, while factors such as gender, implanted femoral head diameter, and operating surgeon did not significantly impact implant survival.
INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wen-Rong Sun, Lei Liu, P. G. Kevrekidis
Summary: This study reveals a mechanism that allows fundamental rogue waves with extremely high amplitudes to occur in a system of coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equations, obtaining exact solutions using Darboux-dressing transformation and confirming the mechanism's robustness in numerical simulations and noisy perturbations. It also demonstrates the generation of high peak-amplitude vector fundamental rogue waves even within a chaotic background field.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Domenico Tigani, Emanuela Castiello, Alessandro Moghnie, Alessandro Bruschi, Margherita Serra, Luca Amendola, Barbara Bordini
Summary: This study compared the outcomes of dual-mobility cup (DM) and standard cup (SC) in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in long-term follow-up. The results showed that DM had a lower dislocation rate but a higher risk of revision compared to SC in long-term follow-up. However, more data and longer follow-up are needed to monitor the survival rate of new-generation DM implants.
INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS
(2023)
Article
Social Work
Alessandro Sicora, Giulio Citroni
Summary: This article examines the responses of social workers in European and BRICS countries to social policies and reforms, revealing differences in the level of development of social work as a profession and the intensity of professional debates across nations. Some of the BRICS countries are only now beginning to define the role of social workers in policy implementation, in contrast to countries with longer-standing traditions in social work.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WORK
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Shuai Xiang, Yingzhen Wang, Chengyu Lv, Changyao Wang, Haining Zhang
Summary: For the MP designs, the intermediate clinical outcomes are good to excellent, and the mid-term survivorship, related to reasons other than infection, is also satisfactory.
INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Chris M. Smith-Martin, Xiangtao Xu, David Medvigy, Stefan A. Schnitzer, Jennifer S. Powers
Article
Ecology
Alejandro Venegas-Gonzalez, Felipe N. A. Mello, Stefan A. Schnitzer, Ricardo G. Cesar, Mario Tomazello-Filho
Article
Ecology
Stefan A. Schnitzer, Nicole L. Michel, Jennifer S. Powers, W. Douglas Robinson
Article
Ecology
Stefan A. Schnitzer, Sergio Estrada-Villegas, S. Joseph Wright
Article
Ecology
Jose A. Medina-Vega, Frans Bongers, Stefan A. Schnitzer, Frank J. Sterck
Summary: The study found that in forests with low precipitation and strong seasonality, lianas tend to favor leaf display over stem investment and have higher efficiency in exploring the canopy compared to trees. However, in forests with high precipitation, lianas and trees exhibit more similarities in leaf display and stem structure.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Felicien Meunier, Hans Verbeeck, Betsy Cowdery, Stefan A. Schnitzer, Chris M. Smith-Martin, Jennifer S. Powers, Xiangtao Xu, Martijn Slot, Hannes P. T. De Deurwaerder, Matteo Detto, Damien Bonal, Marcos Longo, Louis S. Santiago, Michael Dietze
Summary: Despite their low contribution to forest carbon stocks, lianas play a significant role in the carbon dynamics of tropical forests by negatively impacting tree growth through competition for resources. Using a process-based vegetation model to evaluate resource availability uncertainty provides insights into the interactions between trees and lianas. Through this modelling approach, water limitation was identified as a key factor driving competition in drier sites, highlighting the importance of considering key liana traits and processes for future data acquisition and model development in liana-infested forests.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jose A. Medina-Vega, Frans Bongers, Lourens Poorter, Stefan A. Schnitzer, Frank J. Sterck
Summary: In dry tropical forests, lianas have a more acquisitive strategy than trees, with more productive leaves and more efficient display for light interception. However, in wet tropical forests, lianas and trees overlap in leaf and stem characteristics, with lianas not being more acquisitive than trees. This suggests that variation in resource acquisition strategies between lianas and trees may be constrained in wet environments with low light availability and nutrient-poor soils.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Stefan A. Schnitzer, David M. DeFilippis, Marco Visser, Sergio Estrada-Villegas, Rigoberto Rivera-Camana, Boris Bernal, Salome Perez, Abelino Valdez, Seberino Valdez, Antonio Aguilar, James W. Dalling, Eben N. Broadbent, Angelica M. Almeyda Zambrano, Stephen P. Hubbell, Maria Garcia-Leon
Summary: The study found that in an old-growth forest in Panama, the density of lianas increased by 29.2% and basal area by 12.5%. Most of these increases were associated with clonal stem proliferation following canopy disturbance, especially in liana-dense, low-canopy gaps.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Felicien Meunier, Marco D. Visser, Alexey Shiklomanov, Michael C. Dietze, J. Antonio Q. Guzman, G. Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa, Hannes P. T. De Deurwaerder, Sruthi M. Krishna Moorthy, Stefan A. Schnitzer, David C. Marvin, Marcos Longo, Chang Liu, Eben N. Broadbent, Angelica M. Almeyda Zambrano, Helene C. Muller-Landau, Matteo Detto, Hans Verbeeck
Summary: This study used a meta-analysis approach to gather liana leaf optical spectra and canopy spectra data to investigate the impact of liana traits on the energy balance, light competition, and carbon cycle of tropical forests. The results showed that lianas have specific traits that make them more efficient at light interception, leading to modifications in forest energy balance and reductions in tree and ecosystem productivity while increasing liana productivity. This study provides new evidence on the impact of lianas on forest functioning and suggests implications for large-scale forest biogeochemical cycles.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Ashley D. C. Proctor, Kim Calders, Chris J. Chandler, Richard Field, Giles M. Foody, Sruthi M. Krishna Moorthy, Stefan A. Schnitzer, Catherine E. Waite, Doreen S. Boyd
Summary: This article reviews the application of remote sensing technology in studying the ecology of lianas. Lianas are important components of tropical ecosystems, but little is known about their distribution in forest canopies. Remote sensing technology can help overcome the limitations of traditional field methods and provide important insights into liana ecology.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Jose A. Medina-Vega, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Stefan A. Schnitzer
Summary: This study found that the presence of lianas in a forest can slow down forest thinning by reducing tree growth, rather than by altering tree recruitment or mortality. The results demonstrate that competition from other growth forms, such as lianas, can also impact the process of forest thinning, challenging the assumption that it is solely driven by tree-tree interactions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jose A. Medina-Vega, S. Joseph Wright, Frans Bongers, Stefan A. Schnitzer, Frank J. Sterck
Summary: Research has shown that lianas in tropical forests have an advantage in maintaining water balance during seasonal drought compared to trees, and they maximize leaf cover to cope with high light conditions in the dry season. This has significant implications for tree and forest dynamics.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ke-Yan Zhang, Da Yang, Yun-Bing Zhang, Qi Liu, Yang-Si-Ding Wang, Yan Ke, Yan Xiao, Qin Wang, Gbadamassi G. O. Dossa, Stefan A. Schnitzer, Jiao-Lin Zhang
Summary: The study examines the hypothesis that lianas have an advantage over trees in seasonally dry environments due to the occurrence of many narrow and a few wide vessels. Results show that lianas possess greater vessel dimorphism compared to trees, which may explain their ability to grow well during seasonal drought and their unique distribution across tropical rainfall gradients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Evan M. Gora, Stefan A. Schnitzer, Phillip M. Bitzer, Jeffrey C. Burchfield, Cesar Gutierrez, Stephen P. Yanoviak
Summary: Lightning is a significant factor in plant mortality and disturbance in forests. Research in central Panama found that lianas increase the severity of lightning disturbance by facilitating damage to additional trees without influencing the area of the disturbance. As liana abundance increases in tropical forests, their negative effects on tree survival with respect to lightning-related damage are likely to increase.
Article
Ecology
Stefan A. Schnitzer, David M. Defilippis, Antonio Aguilar, Boris Bernal, Salome Perez, Abelino Valdes, Seberino Valdes, Fidedigna Bernal, Adrian Mendoza, Biancolini Castro, Maria Garcia-Leon
Summary: Determining population demographic rates is important for understanding species' life-history strategies and coexistence. This study found that maximum stem diameter can predict plant species' demographic rates and that lianas can attain extremely large diameters. Understanding liana demography is timely as they are rapidly increasing in many tropical forests.
