Article
Biology
Douglas Jardim-Messeder, Ygor de Souza-Vieira, Lucas Correa Lavaquial, Daniela Cassol, Vanessa Galhego, Gabriel Afonso Bastos, Thais Felix-Cordeiro, Regis Lopes Correa, Marcel Zamocky, Marcia Margis-Pinheiro, Gilberto Sachetto-Martins
Summary: Climate changes threaten agriculture and plants need to cope with different environmental conditions, including reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ascorbate-glutathione cycle, composed of APX, MDAR, DHAR, and GR enzymes, is the main antioxidant pathway in plants. This study identified and classified these genes in multiple plant species, predicted their subcellular localization, and contributed to understanding their evolutionary history. The expression pattern of these genes in response to drought stress in castor bean was also analyzed. Overall, this study provides important insights into the regulation of ROS metabolism in drought tolerance.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Young-Saeng Kim, Seong-Im Park, Jin-Ju Kim, Sun-Young Shin, Sang-Soo Kwak, Choon-Hwan Lee, Hyang-Mi Park, Yul-Ho Kim, Il-Sup Kim, Ho-Sung Yoon
Summary: Abiotic stress can induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants, leading to oxidative damage. In this study, we developed salt-tolerant transgenic rice plants that overexpressed the OsDHAR1 gene under the control of a stress-inducible promoter. These transgenic plants showed improved environmental adaptability and agronomic traits, including root development and grain yield. Knockdown of the OsDHAR2 gene in plants resulted in sensitivity to salt stress and reduced biomass and grain yield. Microarray analysis revealed the upregulation of genes related to cell growth, plant growth, senescence, and stress response in the transgenic plants. Our findings provide insights into the physiological processes underlying environmental adaptability and have implications for crop breeding and climate change adaptation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Akane Hamada, Takahiro Ishikawa, Takanori Maruta
Summary: This study investigates the impact of ascorbate recycling capacity on ascorbate pool size in an ascorbate-deficient background. The findings demonstrate that a smaller ascorbate pool size lowers the need for ascorbate recycling capacity even under light stress.
BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Akane Hamada, Yasuhiro Tanaka, Takahiro Ishikawa, Takanori Maruta
Summary: Ascorbate is an essential antioxidant for plant growth and stress tolerance. Recent research shows that chloroplastic DHAR3, in collaboration with glutathione, plays a key role in accumulating ascorbate under high-light stress. This study highlights the importance of balancing stress intensity and recycling capacity for maintaining ascorbate pool size and tolerance to photooxidative stress.
Article
Agronomy
Sajid Ali, Ahmad Sattar Khan, Aamir Nawaz, Safina Naz, Shaghef Ejaz, Sami Ullah
Summary: The study found that 1% glutathione concentration was the most effective treatment to delay browning in fresh-cut lotus root slices during cold storage. The treatment not only delayed the increase in browning index and degree, but also enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity and reduced total bacterial colony count.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Eman A. Abdelfattah, David Renault
Summary: Research investigated the physiological effects of different concentrations of epinephrine on larvae of the flesh fly Sarcophaga dux, revealing significant differences among different body compartments and epinephrine concentrations. Epinephrine treatments did not increase reactive oxygen species production except for gut tissues.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biology
Lin-Bo Wu, Yanru Feng, Frederike Zeibig, Muhammad Shahedul Alam, Michael Frei
Summary: This study presents a method for investigating enzymatic activities related to ascorbate turnover, utilizing a 96-well microplate reader to analyze multiple samples simultaneously. The protocol offers a high-throughput approach for studying the functions of key enzymes in plants related to ascorbate turnover.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jie-Xia Liu, Hao Wang, Kai Feng, Tong Li, Yan-Hua Liu, Ao-Qi Duan, Sheng Shu, Hui Liu, Ai-Sheng Xiong
Summary: This study identified a gene, AgDHAR2, encoding dehydroascorbate reductase from celery, which plays a role in AsA accumulation and drought stress response. Overexpression of AgDHAR2 in Arabidopsis and celery plants led to increased AsA contents and improved drought tolerance by enhancing antioxidant-related genes expression and maintaining redox state. This indicates that AgDHAR2 may contribute to enhanced drought tolerance in celery by increasing AsA concentrations.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ramona Aida Paunescu, Elena Bonciu, Elena Rosculete, Gabriela Paunescu, Catalin Aurelian Rosculete, Cristina Babeanu
Summary: This study examines the variability of some biochemical indicators in winter wheat varieties in south-western Oltenia, Romania, and identifies sources with high antioxidant activity. Results show that Romanian varieties exhibit tolerance to drought induced by PEG treatment, with increased peroxidase activity and decreased ascorbate peroxidase activity. However, there is no correlation between yield index and antioxidant enzyme content ratios, indicating that none of these biochemical indicators are a selective marker for drought tolerance under the experimental conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mio Tanaka, Ryuki Takahashi, Akane Hamada, Yusuke Terai, Takahisa Ogawa, Yoshihiro Sawa, Takahiro Ishikawa, Takanori Maruta
Summary: Monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDAR) is an enzyme involved in ascorbate recycling, with different numbers and distributions of isoforms in various plant species. The physiological significance of MDARs remains poorly understood. Classifying plant MDARs into three classes and studying Arabidopsis thaliana mutants lacking isoforms provide new insights into the roles of MDARs and their cooperation with other recycling systems.
Review
Plant Sciences
Mattia Terzaghi, Mario C. De Tullio
Summary: This article summarizes the various attempts made to improve AsA production/content in plants, highlighting the most promising ones, and providing information about the possible unexpected consequences of a purely biotechnological approach.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Abhishek Singh, Rakesh Singh Sengar, Vishnu D. Rajput, Tatiana Minkina, Rupesh Kumar Singh
Summary: The study found that adding zinc oxide nanoparticles can enhance the salt tolerance of rice plants, helping to restore photosynthetic pigments and K+ levels, and increase antioxidant enzyme activity to alleviate oxidative stress.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jixing Tang, Yaoyao Zhao, Shuning Qi, Qi Dai, Qiong Lin, Yuquan Duan
Summary: This study elucidated the mechanism of abscisic acid (ABA) in alleviating chilling injury in peach fruit during cold storage. ABA improved chilling injury by reducing hydrogen peroxide content and ethylene production, while activating antioxidant enzymatic pathway and the ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Kabala, Malgorzata Reda, Anna Wdowikowska, Malgorzata Janicka
Summary: The up-regulation of NADPH oxidase and endogenous H2O2 seems to be an early response to salinity in cucumber plants. Increasing salt concentration leads to elevated activity of NADPH oxidase and H2O2 levels, as well as the activation of antioxidant enzymes.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shunlong Meng, Xi Chen, Chao Song, Limin Fan, Liping Qiu, Yao Zheng, Jiazhang Chen, Pao Xu
Summary: The study found that lower concentrations of methomyl had no effect on antioxidant levels in the testis of Nile tilapia, while higher concentrations significantly influenced these antioxidants. Recovery tests showed that oxidative damage caused by lower concentrations of methomyl was reversible, whereas damage from higher concentrations was irreversible within 18 days.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)