Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhe Li, Yang Liu, Ruixue Wei, V. Wee Yong, Mengzhou Xue
Summary: Zinc is an abundant metal ion in the CNS, playing a crucial role in physiological and pathological brain functions. It promotes antioxidant effects, neurogenesis, and immune system responses. Zinc regulates gene expression, activates enzymes, and acts as a regulator of synaptic activity and neuronal plasticity. Changes in zinc status can impact neurological diseases, including stroke, neurodegenerative diseases, traumatic brain injuries, and depression. This review explores the mechanisms of brain zinc balance, the role of zinc in neurological diseases, and strategies for prevention and treatment.
Article
Plant Sciences
Fatima Javed Mirza, Sanila Amber, Sumera, Deeba Hassan, Touqeer Ahmed, Saadia Zahid
Summary: The study demonstrated the proneurogenic effects of rosmarinic acid and ursolic acid in an A beta(1-42)-induced AD mouse model, showing protection against deficits in spatial and recognition memory and changes in anxiety. Treatment with these compounds normalized neuronal density and levels of neurogenic and synaptic markers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Megumi T. Matsushita, Hao Wang, Glen M. Abel, Zhengui Xia
Summary: The Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, with the ε4 allele carriers having higher risk. Cadmium (Cd) is a neurotoxic heavy metal. A previous study found a gene-environment interaction (GxE) effect between ApoE4 and Cd that worsens cognitive decline in mice. This study investigates the role of adult neurogenesis in rescuing Cd-induced cognitive impairment in ApoE4-KI mice and finds that stimulating adult neurogenesis can reverse spatial memory deficits and enhance neurogenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosanna Squitti, Giuseppe Reale, Vincenzo Tondolo, Daniela Crescenti, Sonia Bellini, Marco Moci, Pietro Caliandro, Luca Padua, Mauro Rongioletti
Summary: Dysfunction of cerebral networks due to traumatic brain injury alters essential metals in the brain and may contribute to disorders of consciousness. Neuronal molecular mechanisms involving iron, zinc, and copper are affected, leading to neurodegeneration, synaptic dysfunction, and inflammation. Existing treatments for disorders of consciousness have an impact on essential metals-related pathways, and zinc shows promise as a potential therapeutic approach. Further research is needed to understand the role of metals in disorders of consciousness and explore metal-based drugs as potential treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
S. Manivannan, O. Marei, O. Elalfy, M. Zaben
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with evidence of neurogenesis post-injury but impaired integration of newborn neurons. High Mobility Group Box protein 1 (HMGB1) plays a dual role in mediating neuro-inflammation and neurogenesis, making it a promising therapeutic target. While animal studies show positive effects of HMGB1 antagonism post-TBI, its specific effects on neurogenesis and long-term outcomes remain unclear. Accurate delineation of HMGB1 signaling pathways and effects on post-injury neurogenesis are crucial for improving outcomes following TBI.
Review
Neurosciences
Mengqi Yuan, Haitao Wu
Summary: Astrocytes play a crucial role in controlling processes in the nervous system after brain injury, producing neuroprotective factors while also potentially hindering CNS repair. Understanding the dual role of astrocytes may improve post-brain injury recovery and lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for TBI.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Noelia Geribaldi-Doldan, Livia Carrascal, Patricia Perez-Garcia, Jose M. Oliva-Montero, Ricardo Pardillo-Diaz, Samuel Dominguez-Garcia, Carlos Bernal-Utrera, Ricardo Gomez-Oliva, Sergio Martinez-Ortega, Cristina Verastegui, Pedro Nunez-Abades, Carmen Castro
Summary: Harmonic mechanisms in neurogenic niches orchestrate neurogenesis in the healthy brain, generating neurons from neural stem cells. The mammalian brain has developed mechanisms to respond to injuries, promoting neuronal regeneration and altering neurogenic niche processes. However, natural regeneration of neuronal tissue within brain injuries does not occur, and stimulation of newly generated neurons' migration to damaged regions may lead to therapies for repairing the damaged brain tissue.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Dan G. Pavel, Theodore A. Henderson, Simon DeBruin
Summary: Brain perfusion SPECT scans have undergone technical improvements, including the stabilization of radiopharmaceuticals and upgrades in equipment. This imaging technique is widely used in traumatic brain injury, dementia, epilepsy, as well as neurotoxicity and neuropsychiatric disorders.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michela Campolo, Rosalia Crupi, Marika Cordaro, Salvatore Massimo Cardali, Alessio Ardizzone, Giovanna Casili, Sarah Adriana Scuderi, Rosalba Siracusa, Emanuela Esposito, Alfredo Conti, Salvatore Cuzzocrea
Summary: The study demonstrated that co-ultramicronized PEALut treatment can promote neurogenesis, increase levels of neurotrophic factors, improve memory recall, and facilitate neural recovery in working memory in clinical trials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Konstantin Yenkoyan, Tigran Margaryan, Senik Matinyan, Vergine Chavushyan, Margarita Danielyan, Tigran Davtyan, Michail Aghajanov
Summary: This study investigated the development of Alzheimer's disease and the brain's defense mechanisms against chronic injuries. The results showed that injection of beta-amyloid can induce stem cell proliferation and neurogenesis, but this process is incomplete and leads to neural stem cell immaturity. The study suggests that enhancing adult neurogenesis may be a promising strategy for preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Elissa Freberg, Giulio Taglialatela
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are two common diseases that affect many people. Decreased hippocampal volumes and impaired hippocampal neurogenesis are observed in both AD and MDD. MDD is suggested to be a risk factor for developing AD, and the co-occurrence of depression and AD indicates a worse prognosis. Exercise has shown promising results in increasing hippocampal neurogenesis and improving mood in MDD, as well as enhancing quality of life and cognitive function in AD. However, more randomized control trials are needed to evaluate exercise as an intervention in treating MDD and preventing AD.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Haitao Ding, Shangke Liu, Wei Du, Liping Su, Junyang Chen, Yupeng Tian, Dayi Pan, Lei Chen, Loris Rizzello, Xiaowei Zheng, Giuseppe Battaglia, Kui Luo, Qiyong Gong, Xiaohe Tian
Summary: A water-soluble terpyridine organic small molecule (ABT) was designed and used to recognize Zinc-finger protein (ZF) for imaging Micronucleus (MN) in living cells. The study revealed the correlation between neurotoxic amyloid beta-protein (A beta) and MN during Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. This provides valuable insights for the diagnosis and treatment of AD.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Taryn-Leigh Surtees, Ishani Kumar, Hugh J. L. Garton, Francisco Rivas-Rodriguez, Hemant Parmar, Harlan McCaffery, Jane Riebe-Rodgers, Renee A. Shellhaas
Summary: This study evaluated the prescription of prophylactic antiseizure medications for pediatric traumatic brain injury, finding that levetiracetam is commonly used despite a lack of evidence. Younger children, those with neurosurgical interventions, and abnormal neuroimaging are more likely to receive prophylaxis. Children with GCS <= 12 on levetiracetam prophylaxis had a higher rate of early post-traumatic seizures compared to those on phenytoin.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chen-Mei Chen, Pei-Yu Gung, Yen-Chun Ho, Candra D. D. Hamdin, Shaw-Fang Yet
Summary: This study found that probucol can improve functional recovery and cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury (TBI) by promoting neuroregeneration and neuronal remodeling. In addition, probucol exerts its neuroregenerative effects by increasing the expression of BDNF and activation of TrkB. Therefore, probucol may be a promising new drug for the treatment of TBI.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Valeria Pingue, Diego Franciotta
Summary: Decompressive craniectomy and craniotomy are common but controversial choices for treating increased intracranial pressure after brain injury. A study found that decompressive craniectomy was associated with worse functional outcomes, while craniotomy had a higher risk of mortality.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rohit Seth, Rikki S. Corniola, Shannon D. Gower-Winter, Thomas J. Morgan, Brian Bishop, Cathy W. Leyenson
JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Neurosciences
Elise C. Cope, Deborah R. Morris, Shannon D. Gower-Winter, Naomi C. Brownstein, Cathy W. Levenson
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Ali Darkazalli, Abdol Aziz Ould Ismail, Nastaren Abad, Samuel C. Grant, Cathy W. Levenson
RESTORATIVE NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE
(2016)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ali Darkazalli, Cynthia Vied, Crystal-Dawn Badger, Cathy W. Levenson
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2017)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Kate J. F. Carnevale, Megan E. Muroski, Parth N. Vakil, Megan E. Foley, Geoffry Laufersky, Rachael Kenworthy, Diego A. R. Zorio, Thomas J. Morgan, Cathy W. Levenson, Geoffrey F. Strouse
BIOCONJUGATE CHEMISTRY
(2018)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Deborah R. Morris, Cathy W. Levenson
CURRENT OPINION IN CLINICAL NUTRITION AND METABOLIC CARE
(2013)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
J. Tyler Simmons, John R. Allen, Deborah R. Morris, Ronald J. Clark, Cathy W. Levenson, Michael W. Davidson, Lei Zhu
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2013)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Deborah R. Morris, Cathy W. Levenson
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2013)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Megan E. Muroski, Thomas J. Morgan, Cathy W. Levenson, Geoffrey F. Strouse
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2014)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Victor D. Schepkin, Fabian Calixto Bejarano, Thomas Morgan, Shannon Gower-Winter, Manuel Ozambela, Cathy W. Levenson
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2012)
Article
Neurosciences
Shannon D. Gower-Winter, Rikki S. Corniola, Thomas J. Morgan, Cathy W. Levenson
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2013)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Prabu Sellappan, Jason Cote, Phillip A. Kreth, Victor D. Schepkin, Ali Darkazalli, Deborah R. Morris, Farrukh S. Alvi, Cathy W. Levenson
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
(2019)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katrina A. Hall, Maria T. Spicer, Jasminka Z. Ilich, Cathy W. Levenson
TOPICS IN CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2019)
Review
Cell Biology
Ali Darkazalli, Cathy W. Levenson
HISTOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY
(2012)