Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jessica Llewellyn, Caterina Fede, Abigail E. Loneker, Chet S. Friday, Michael W. Hast, Neil D. Theise, Emma E. Furth, Maria Guido, Carla Stecco, Rebecca G. Wells
Summary: This study characterized the changes in the matrix, cellular composition, and mechanical properties of the liver capsule in liver disease. The results showed that the capsule thickness was increased in cirrhosis, while steatosis and moderate fibrosis had no effect on thickness. Cirrhosis also led to an increase in cell number and alterations in matrix organization, and the capsules from cirrhotic livers had decreased resistance to loading.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fan Yang, Cristian Ciraci
Summary: We present a theoretical study on second-harmonic generation from a singular metasurface, which strongly interacts with incident light and generates intense surface polarization, resulting in the generation of second-harmonic field. By using transformation optics, the calculation of nonlinear optical response is simplified, and the dependence on the incident angle is weak, making it potentially useful for all-angle harmonic generation. Furthermore, we investigate the symmetry dependence of second-harmonic generation in the far field and demonstrate an enhanced conversion efficiency under normal incidence by breaking the surface inversion symmetry.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Katarzyna Fidecka, Nicola Rotiroti, Jessica Giacoboni, Fernando Camara, Matthieu Refregiers, Riccardo Vago, Emanuela Licandro, Frederic Jamme
Summary: This study reports the characterization of nonfluorescent halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) using multiphoton microscopy and reveals the discovery of the SH signal generated by HNTs at the nanoscale level. The study sheds light on the understanding of the signal's generation from the nanoparticle's aluminosilicate skeleton and suggests potential technological applications of HNTs in various domains.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shingo Toyoda, Manfred Fiebig, Taka-hisa Arima, Yoshinori Tokura, Naoki Ogawa
Summary: Mirror symmetries play a crucial role in fundamental properties and conservation laws, with potential magnetoelectric cross-coupling when both spatial inversion and time reversal are broken. The giant nonreciprocal optical response observed in SHG of CuB2O4 is due to interference between magnetic-dipole and electric-dipole contributions, showing the potential for nonreciprocal nonlinear optical functionalities in multiferroics and magnetoelectrics. Resonantly enhanced magnetic-dipole transitions contribute significantly to the nonreciprocity, maximizing the effect despite the inherently weaker nature compared to electric-dipole transitions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shivangi Shree, Delphine Lagarde, Laurent Lombez, Cedric Robert, Andrea Balocchi, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Xavier Marie, Iann C. Gerber, Mikhail M. Glazov, Leonid E. Golub, Bernhard Urbaszek, Ioannis Paradisanos
Summary: Efficient second-harmonic generation (SHG) occurs for crystals with broken inversion symmetry, such as transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers. Here the authors show SHG tuning in bilayer MoS2 - an inversion-symmetric crystal - mediated by interlayer excitons.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lun Qu, Lu Bai, Chunyan Jin, Qiang Liu, Wei Wu, Bofeng Gao, Juntao Li, Wei Cai, Mengxin Ren, Jingjun Xu
Summary: Metasurfaces is an intriguing framework for nonlinear optics, offering compact design and flexibility in manipulating light. However, the nonlinearity is often limited due to the short interaction lengths with light. In this study, we demonstrate a record high efficiency of second harmonic generation using LN membrane metasurfaces, significantly improving the efficiency of nonlinear metasurfaces.
Article
Optics
Fatemeh Abtahi, Pallabi Paul, Sebastian Beer, Athira Kuppadakkath, Anton Pakhomov, Adriana Szeghalmi, Stefan Nolte, Frank Setzpfandt, Falk Eilenberger
Summary: Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is observed in periodic stacks of alternating, subwavelength dielectric layers due to the broken symmetry at the surface. The surface SHG is significantly enhanced by the large number of surfaces in these stacks. Experimental results on SiO2/TiO2 multilayer stacks grown by PEALD demonstrate substantial SHG under large angles of incidence, surpassing that of simple interfaces. The experimental results are in agreement with theoretical calculations.
Article
Optics
Junjun Ma, Fei Xie, Weijin Chen, Jiaxin Chen, Wei Wu, Wei Liu, Yuntian Chen, Wei Cai, Mengxin Ren, Jingjun Xu
Summary: LN metasurfaces with controllable SHG properties have been experimentally demonstrated, showing distinct enhancements for the SHG efficiency at Mie resonances. By changing geometric parameters and resonances of metasurfaces, authors manage to selectively boost the SHG efficiency at different wavelengths, paving the way for developing novel compact nonlinear light sources with high flexibility for applications like biosensing and optical communications.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yann Foucaud, Bertrand Siboulet, Magali Duvail, Alban Jonchere, Olivier Diat, Rodolphe Vuilleumier, Jean-Francois Dufreche
Summary: A breakthrough method has been developed to predict and interpret SHG signal at the atomic level, showing the significant impact of bulk quadrupole contribution in the SHG response. The experimental results are in unprecedented agreement with the simulated responses.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Alan E. Woessner, Kyle P. Quinn
Summary: Collagen fibers play a vital role in various tissues, but accurate segmentation is challenging due to variable imaging depths. This study employed a U-Net convolutional neural network for precise segmentation of collagen fibers and demonstrated superior performance compared to other thresholding techniques, particularly at deeper imaging depths.
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yun Zhao, Zhaoxi Chen, Cheng Wang, Yuanmu Yang, Hong-Bo Sun
Summary: In this experiment, efficient second-harmonic generation (SHG) and high-harmonic generation (HHG) were demonstrated from a LiNbO3 metasurface enhanced by guided-mode resonance. The metasurface showed high SHG efficiency and a wide range of HHG. This work may enable the development of compact coherent white-light sources in the deep ultraviolet region for spectroscopy and imaging applications.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Junhao Li, Guangwei Hu, Lina Shi, Nan He, Daqian Li, Qiuyu Shang, Qing Zhang, Huange Fu, Linlin Zhou, Wei Xiong, Jianguo Guan, Jian Wang, Sailing He, Lin Chen
Summary: The authors demonstrate broadband enhanced second-harmonic generation in patterned multilayer hyperbolic metamaterial arrays, overcoming the typical narrow spectral bandwidth limitation of these materials. This approach allows for rainbow light trapping and boosted nonlinear light-matter interactions, showing promise for various important technologies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Amy L. Lytle, Eric Dyke, Julia Novella, Thomas Branch, Etienne Gagnon
Summary: Counter-propagating ultrafast pulses disrupt the phase of harmonic generation and can achieve quasi-phase matching. By comparing numerical simulations and experimental measurements of second harmonic generation (SHG), we find that a frequency-domain model that takes into account the broadband nature of ultrafast pulses better reproduces the observed features.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sadman Bhuiyan, Matthew Shen, Sharenya Chelvaretnam, Andre Y. Tan, Gideon Ho, Mohammed Akhter Hossain, Robert E. Widdop, Chrishan S. Samuel
Summary: This study compared the use of the HistoIndex platform for SHG imaging of renal fibrosis in UUO mice with traditional staining methods, finding that the platform provided more accurate quantification of renal fibrosis and evaluation of drug treatment effects. The platform also revealed additional insights into collagen morphology and distribution patterns, demonstrating its diagnostic value over currently used techniques.
Article
Optics
Jie Xu, Eric Plum, Vassili Savinov, Nikolay Zheludev
Summary: In this study, second harmonic generation was demonstrated using an amorphous silicon metamaterial fabricated on the tip of an optical fiber. The metamaterial is a double-chevron array that supports a closed-mode resonance for the fundamental wavelength at 1510 nm, with a quality factor of 30. The normalized resonant second harmonic conversion efficiency calculated per intensity and square of interaction length is approximately 10(-11) W-1, exceeding the previously achieved value for a silicon metamaterial by two orders of magnitude.
Article
Neurosciences
Sukrit Gupta, Marcus Lim, Jagath C. Rajapakse
Summary: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is used to examine the interactions between brain regions during tasks. This study proposes a method to identify both task specific and task general architectures of the functional brain using deep learning models. The results show that a small set of connections can differentiate between rest and task states, and the nodes and connections in the task general architecture could serve as potential disease biomarkers.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Huiling Zhan, Caihong Sun, Tianyi Luo, Gangqin Xi, Yikun Guo, Mingyu Xu, Youting Chen, Shuangmu Zhuo
Summary: This study uses multiphoton microscopy (MPM) to image the boundaries of hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCC) tumors. The experimental results show that MPM can clearly reveal the existence of residual cancer cells at the surgical margin. By quantitatively calculating the density and direction of collagen fibers, it is possible to determine whether the resection margin is negative, which is closely related to the prognosis of HCC.
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Tao Yang, Dong Li, Yuhua Yan, Fatima-ezzahra Ettoumi, Ricardo A. Wu, Zisheng Luo, Hanry Yu, Xingyu Lin
Summary: In this study, a hydrogel-mediated RT-LAMP method was developed for rapid and accurate quantification of SARS-CoV-2 virus. The technique offers fast, simple, and highly sensitive detection, and can be used for monitoring cold chain foods.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Yanan Gao, Jingyu Xiao, Zijian Chen, Yutao Ma, Xiaoya Liu, Dishuang Yang, Hwa Liang Leo, Hanry Yu, Jian Kong, Qiongyu Guo
Summary: Developing a three-dimensional in vitro tumor model with vasculature systems for testing endovascular interventional therapies is challenging. Here, an orthotopic liver tumor spheroid model is developed to evaluate transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment. The model resembles the unique tumor microenvironment and can efficiently assess various diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jingzhun Liu, Shimin Le, Mingxi Yao, Wenmao Huang, Zhikai Tio, Yu Zhou, Jie Yan
Summary: In this study, the tension-dependent lifetime of tension gauge tethers (TGTs) was quantified to enhance our understanding of their mechanical stability under various physiologically relevant stretching conditions. This research has broad applications in using TGTs as tension threshold and duration sensors and also raises questions about previous interpretations of experimental observations.
Article
Cell Biology
Florian Rouaud, Wenmao Huang, Arielle Flinois, Kunalika Jain, Ekaterina Vasileva, Thomas Di Mattia, Marine Mauperin, David A. D. Parry, Vera Dugina, Christine Chaponnier, Isabelle Mean, Sylvie Montessuit, Annick Mutero-Maeda, Jie Yan, Sandra Citi
Summary: Rouaud et al. demonstrate that cingulin and paracingulin interact with specific isoforms of myosin-2 through coiled-coil rod-mediated interactions and tether them to cell junctions. This interaction plays a crucial role in regulating junctional architecture and membrane properties. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms that govern the localization and function of nonmuscle myosins at cell junctions.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Lina M. Gallego-Paez, William J. S. Edwards, Manasa Chanduri, Yanyu Guo, Thijs Koorman, Chieh-Yu Lee, Nina Grexa, Patrick Derksen, Jie Yan, Martin A. Schwartz, Jan Mauer, Benjamin Thomas Goult
Summary: This study identified a previously unannotated cassette exon, referred to as exon 17b, in the TLN1 gene. The presence of this exon alters the function of the TLN1 protein in the mechanosensitive adapter system and affects cell adhesion dynamics and motility. This novel exon is detectable in multiple healthy tissues and significantly enriched in certain cancer subtypes.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jingjing Wang, Yuheng Fu, Wenmao Huang, Ritusree Biswas, Avinanda Banerjee, Joshua A. Broussard, Zhihai Zhao, Dongmei Wang, Glen Bjerke, Srikala Raghavan, Jie Yan, Kathleen J. Green, Rui Yi
Summary: This study reveals that hair follicle stem cells (SCs) and hair germ (HG) progenitors have different mechanical properties, with SCs being stiff and resistant to size change, while HG progenitors are soft and periodically enlarge and contract. During hair follicle growth, HGs reduce contraction and more frequently enlarge, which is associated with weakening of the actomyosin network and nuclear YAP accumulation. miR-205 can reduce actomyosin contractility and activate hair regeneration in mice.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yee Han Tee, Wei Jia Goh, Xianbin Yong, Hui Ting Ong, Jinrong Hu, Ignacius Yan Yun Tay, Shidong Shi, Salma Jalal, Samuel F. H. Barnett, Pakorn Kanchanawong, Wenmao Huang, Jie Yan, Yong Ann Ben Lim, Visalatchi Thiagarajan, Alex Mogilner, Alexander D. Bershadsky
Summary: Deviations from mirror symmetry in bilateral organisms are common, but the mechanisms of initial symmetry breaking are unclear. This study identifies actin polymerisation regulators involved in the chiral organisation of the actin cytoskeleton in individual cells and the alignment of cells in groups. This provides insights into the underlying mechanism of tissue and organ asymmetry.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Kuin Tian Pang, Larry Sai Weng Loo, Sean Chia, Francesca Yi Teng Ong, Hanry Yu, Ian Walsh
Summary: Stem cells have the unique ability to differentiate into specialized cell types, and skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs) play important roles in the growth, repair, and regeneration of skeletal muscle tissues. However, the differentiation, proliferation, and expansion processes of MuSCs face significant challenges, and the molecular role of mechanobiology in MuSC growth, proliferation, and differentiation is poorly understood. This review comprehensively summarizes the impact of different mechanical cues on stem cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and their potential role in disease development.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shenyi Jiang, Shuhao Qian, Lingxi Zhou, Jia Meng, Rushan Jiang, Chuncheng Wang, Xinguo Fang, Chen Yang, Zhihua Ding, Shuangmu Zhuo, Zhiyi Liu
Summary: The study uses label-free multiphoton microscopy to investigate the collagen and elastin fibers in human skin specimens and proposes a multi-fiber metrics analysis model for mapping the structural remodeling of the extracellular matrix in hypertrophic scars. The study finds that both fiber components become more disorganized in scar tissues, while content accumulation is observed from elastin fibers only. The 3D analysis can effectively distinguish normal and scar tissues and identify the boundaries. This imaging and analysis system uncovers the 3D architecture of the extracellular matrix in hypertrophic scars and has the potential for evaluating scars and identifying individualized treatment targets.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Guangxing Wang, Huiling Zhan, Tianyi Luo, Bingzi Kang, Xiaolu Li, Gangqin Xi, Zhiyi Liu, Shuangmu Zhuo
Summary: Surgery is a crucial method for treating ovarian cancer, but conventional biopsies for intraoperative histopathological diagnosis are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and prone to bias. Therefore, we propose a novel optical biopsy method using deep learning techniques to assist physicians in accurately and rapidly diagnosing ovarian cancer during surgery.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yunxin Deng, Jie Yan
Summary: The mechanical responses of FLNC domains and their dimerization interface were investigated using magnetic tweezers. The study found that the dimerization interface of FLNC provides sufficient mechanical stability for force-dependent structural changes in rod-2 domains for signaling protein binding and maintains structural integrity of the rod-1 domains.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Shunxin Xiao, Huibin Lin, Conghao Wang, Shiping Wang, Jagath C. Rajapakse
Summary: With the development of biotechnology, a large amount of multi-omics data have been collected for precision medicine. However, existing methods haven't fully utilized the graphical priors in these data. To address this, the proposed MPK-GNN framework incorporates multiple prior knowledge into graph neural network for multi-omics data analysis. Experimental results show its effectiveness in cancer molecular subtype classification, outperforming other state-of-the-art algorithms.
IEEE JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL AND HEALTH INFORMATICS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yi Hao Chan, Wei Chee Yew, Jagath C. Rajapakse
Summary: An encoder-decoder-classifier architecture that combines semi-supervised learning with data harmonisation across sites is proposed, trained using a novel multi-objective loss function. The architecture improves classification performance on multi-site fMRI datasets and distinguishes site-invariant biomarkers from site-specific ones. The findings highlight the importance of accounting for both site effects and labelling inconsistencies when combining datasets from multiple sites.
MEDICAL IMAGE COMPUTING AND COMPUTER ASSISTED INTERVENTION, MICCAI 2022, PT I
(2022)