Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Knut Tore Lappegard, Christian Abendstein Kjellmo, Anders Hovland
Summary: HDL is a diverse group of plasma molecules with varying lipid content and protein composition. Understanding the function of specific HDL subgroups and their clinical relevance is of increasing interest in relation to coronary heart disease risk. Pharmacologically manipulating beneficial and harmful HDL subgroups may potentially reduce CHD risk in the future.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyung-Hyun Cho
Summary: This article summarizes the changes in the quantity, quality, and functionality of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in the context of health and disease, and discusses their potential role in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sylwia Placzkowska, Katarzyna Solkiewicz, Iwona Bednarz-Misa, Ewa Maria Kratz
Summary: The study aimed to assess the relationship between sdLDL and other metabolic disorder parameters and identify markers of increased sdLDL concentration. The results showed that different lipid parameters and atherogenicity indexes are associated with high sdLDL concentration depending on the age group. Abnormal API and non-HDL-C may indicate cardiovascular disease risk factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyung-Hyun Cho, Jae-Ryong Kim, In-Chul Lee, Hyung-Jun Kwon
Summary: Native HDL exhibits potent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 without cytotoxicity, while glycation of HDL impairs its antiviral activity. These results may explain why patients with diabetes mellitus or hypertension are more sensitive to COVID-19 infection and have a higher risk of mortality.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyung-Hyun Cho, Hyo-Seon Nam, Seung-Hee Baek, Dae-Jin Kang, Hyejee Na, Tomohiro Komatsu, Yoshinari Uehara
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of 20 mg of Cuban policosanol in blood pressure and lipid/lipoprotein parameters of healthy Japanese subjects. After 12 weeks, the policosanol group showed significantly lower blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin, and blood urea nitrogen levels. The group also showed improved hepatic functions and HDL functionalities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ewa Wieczorek, Agnieszka Cwiklinska, Agnieszka Kuchta, Barbara Kortas-Stempak, Anna Gliwinska, Maciej Jankowski
Summary: The study focused on evaluating the impact of HDL-2 and HDL-3 on VLDL degradation related to hypertriglyceridemia. The findings showed that HDL-3 had a significant effect on the composition and electrophoretic mobility of VLDL, compared to HDL-2.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anand Rohatgi, Marit Westerterp, Arnold von Eckardstein, Alan Remaley, Kerry-Anne Rye
Summary: Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is associated with adverse lifestyle choices, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory disorders, and other conditions. Therapeutic strategies targeting HDL-C levels have not been successful, and future focus should be on optimizing HDL function for better outcomes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyung-Hyun Cho, Dae-Jin Kang, Hyo-Seon Nam, Ju-Hyun Kim, Su-Young Kim, Jung-Ok Lee, Beom-Joon Kim
Summary: Ozonated sunflower oil (OSO) has potent antimicrobial effects and strong antioxidant activity, enhancing cell viability and protection against oxidative stress. Compared to sunflower oil (SO), OSO showed greater radical scavenging ability and cytoprotective effects, making it a promising candidate for wound-healing and anti-infection applications. The study also revealed significant impacts of OSO on high-density lipoproteins, highlighting its potential for enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity and cell survival.
Article
Hematology
Jing Liu, Baiba K. Gillard, Dedipya Yelamanchili, Antonio M. Gotto, Corina Rosales, Henry J. Pownall
Summary: Mice lacking the HDL receptor Scarb1 exhibit increased bioavailability of FC in HDL, leading to elevated FC content in multiple tissue sites associated with female infertility, impaired cell maturation, cardiac dysfunction, and atherosclerosis. Sex-dependent differences in tissue-lipid composition and plasma FC clearance rates were also observed. Higher HDL-FC bioavailability may serve as a potential biomarker mechanistically linked to various pathologies.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kyung-Hyun Cho, Ji-Eun Kim, Hyo-Seon Nam, Dae-Jin Kang, Hye-Jee Na
Summary: This study shows that CIGB-258 has a protective effect against inflammatory stress caused by CML, leading to increased survival rates in zebrafish and its embryos.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Mads Harslof, Kasper M. Pedersen, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Shoaib Afzal
Summary: Using a Mendelian randomization approach, this study found that low HDL cholesterol is associated with high white blood cell counts, providing evidence for a potential causal relationship.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kwok-Leung Ong, Blake J. Cochran, Bikash Manandhar, Shane Thomas, Kerry-Anne Rye
Summary: This article discusses the regulation of the biogenesis of discoidal and spherical HDLs and the mechanistic basis of their size and compositional heterogeneity. It also addresses the current understanding of the impact of HDLs of varying size and composition on the therapeutic potential in several disease states.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susana Coimbra, Flavio Reis, Maria Joao Valente, Susana Rocha, Cristina Catarino, Petronila Rocha-Pereira, Maria Sameiro-Faria, Elsa Bronze-da-Rocha, Luis Belo, Alice Santos-Silva
Summary: Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients, but the role of HDL in this population is complex and poorly understood. The unique proteome and lipid composition of large HDL in CKD patients may impair their cholesterol efflux capacity, contributing to a paradoxical coexistence of increased large HDL and enhanced risk for CVD events. Additional research is needed to better understand how these changes in HDL functionality impact cardiovascular risk in CKD patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Manja Koch, Sarah A. Aroner, Annette L. Fitzpatrick, W. T. Jr Jr Longstreth, Jeremy D. Furtado, Kenneth J. Mukamal, Majken K. Jensen
Summary: This study found that specific subtypes of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were associated with the risk of vascular brain injury. Specifically, higher levels of apolipoprotein (apo) A1 and lower levels of apoE in certain HDL subspecies were related to a lower risk of covert infarcts. Conversely, higher levels of apoE in specific HDL subspecies were associated with a higher risk of covert infarcts. However, the concentrations of apoA1 and apoE in other HDL subspecies that contained apoC3 or apoJ were not associated with covert infarcts.
Article
Hematology
Vishal Kothari, Jingjing Tang, Yi He, Farah Kramer, Jenny E. Kanter, Karin E. Bornfeldt
Summary: The study reveals a crucial role for ADAM17 in regulating the anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory effects of HDL in macrophages, as cholesterol enrichment in ADAM17-deficient macrophages can prevent inflammatory responses induced by HDL. This highlights the importance of ADAM17 in maintaining cholesterol efflux in macrophages and modulating their immune functions.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chenchen Bian, Xiangtong Yuan, Caihong Zeng, Jian Sun, Gen Kaneko, Hong Ji
Summary: This study investigated the mechanism of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-induced apoptosis mediated by mitophagy, using grass carp as an animal model. The results showed that inhibition of mitophagy alleviated apoptosis and eliminated the inhibition of lipid accumulation induced by DHA. Mechanistically, DHA induced mitophagy by activating the PPAR gamma-LC3-BNIP3 pathway. Inhibition of PPAR gamma decreased autophagy-related gene expression and prevented BNIP3/NIX-mediated mitophagy-induced apoptosis, thereby alleviating the inhibition of lipid accumulation.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Venkatesan Ramya, Karuppiah Prakash Shyam, Arulanandu Angelmary, Balamuthu Kadalmani
Summary: This study reveals that Lauric acid (LA) exerts an epigenetic regulation and metabolic reprogramming on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells through modulation of lncRNA HOTAIR, remodeling of chromatin H3K4 tri-methylation and regulation of glucose uptake by controlling NF-kappa B activation.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sreelekshmi Sreekumar, Karyath Palliyath Gangaraj, Manikantan Syamala Kiran
Summary: This study investigates the intricate interplay between angiogenic regulation and the browning of white adipocytes. The findings reveal that concurrent activation of angiogenesis is necessary for inducing browning of white adipocytes. The study also highlights the role of Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in promoting angiogenesis and triggering the browning process through the activation of Estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) signaling pathway.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zanxia Cao, Liling Zhao, Mingcui Chen, Zhihong Shi, Lei Liu
Summary: This study investigated the translocation process of cholesterol/calcitriol in bacterial membranes and their effects on membrane structure. Calcitriol facilitated water transport across the membrane, while cholesterol had the opposite effect. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between cholesterol/calcitriol concentrations, lipid bilayer structure, and water permeation.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaozhen Guo, Jiawen Wang, Hualing Xu, Yangyang Wang, Yutang Cao, Yingquan Wen, Jiaqi Li, Yameng Liu, Kanglong Wang, Jue Wang, Xianchun Zhong, Chuying Sun, Yongxin Zhang, Jingyi Xu, Cuina Li, Pengxiang Mu, Lingyan Xu, Cen Xie
Summary: This study aims to investigate the role of the gut microbiota-bile acid axis in regulating the diurnal rhythms of metabolic homeostasis and assess the impact of obesity on them. The results show that high fat diet feeding and Leptin gene deficiency disrupt the rhythmic patterns of insulin sensitivity and serum total cholesterol levels. The study provides compelling evidence for the association between diurnal rhythm of insulin sensitivity and gut microbiota-bile acid axis, and elucidates the deleterious effects of obesity on gut microbiome-bile acid metabolism.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuseppe Pepe, Maria Cotugno, Federico Marracino, Luca Capocci, Ludovica Pizzati, Maurizio Forte, Rosita Stanzione, Pamela Scarselli, Alba Di Pardo, Sebastiano Sciarretta, Massimo Volpe, Speranza Rubattu, Vittorio Maglione
Summary: The study found that enzymes involved in sphingolipid metabolism show abnormal expression in the cardiac tissue of hypertensive rat models, which may be related to the susceptibility to cardiac damage.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2024)