Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hongyang Xu, Rojina Ranjit, Arlan Richardson, Holly Van Remmen
Summary: This study demonstrates that scavenging mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide efficiently prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and NMJ disruption associated with denervation-induced muscle atrophy and weakness. These findings highlight mitochondrial H2O2 as a crucial effector of NMJ alterations leading to sarcopenia-related phenotypes.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu Kitaoka
Summary: Nrf2 is believed to play a crucial role in protecting cells against oxidative stress and is also involved in energy metabolism. This review briefly discusses the role of Nrf2 in skeletal muscle metabolism from the perspective of exercise physiology.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Francois Pelletier, Erwann Durand, Jatuporn Chaiyut, Clemence Bronstein, Laurence Pessemesse, Laurent Vaysse, Siriluck Liengprayoon, Sylvie Gaillet, Thomas Brioche, Christelle Bertrand-Gaday, Charles Coudray, Ariane Sultan, Christine Feillet-Coudray, Francois Casas
Summary: Skeletal muscle is essential for locomotion and energy homeostasis, and it is regulated by nutrition, genetics, physical activity, and hormones. Research has shown that a dietary supplement of furan fatty acid can reduce metabolic disorders. This study demonstrated that FuFA-F2 extracted from Hevea brasiliensis latex can stimulate muscle protein synthesis and increase muscle mass in vitro and in mice, resembling the effects of physical activity.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marc Gilbert
Summary: Insulin resistance is associated with metabolic inflexibility, ectopic accumulation of triglyceride in skeletal muscle, and impaired insulin signaling. Both excessive mitochondrial FA oxidation and inflammatory signals from FA oversupply contribute to this phenomenon. Proper dietary control and physical exercise may help improve insulin sensitivity.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Jingqing Chen, Xihong Zhou, Hai Jia, Zhenlong Wu
Summary: Serine administration can alleviate doxorubicin-induced oxidative damage in skeletal muscle of mice by enhancing NRF2/CAR signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ines Marques-Aleixo, Jorge Beleza, Arnaldina Sampaio, Jelena Stevanovic, Pedro Coxito, Ines Goncalves, Antonio Ascensao, Jose Magalhaes
Summary: The prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) is increasing with the global rise in life expectancy, impacting health, social systems, and economies significantly. While pharmaceutical therapies for NDDs have limited benefits, regular physical exercise is seen as a nonpharmacological alternative that can modulate brain structure and function for a healthier neurological phenotype.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aowen Zhuang, Christine Yang, Yingying Liu, Yanie Tan, Simon T. Bond, Shannen Walker, Tim Sikora, Adrienne Laskowski, Arpeeta Sharma, Judy B. de Haan, Peter J. Meikle, Takahiko Shimizu, Melinda T. Coughlan, Anna C. Calkin, Brian G. Drew
Summary: Metabolic conditions such as obesity, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance are often associated with impairments in skeletal muscle function and metabolism, particularly due to oxidative stress. Post-developmental deletion of SOD2 in skeletal muscle showed specific impacts on muscle lipid metabolism, but did not result in major impairment in overall metabolism.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hyunjung Lee, Tae Youl Ha, Chang Hwa Jung, Farida Sukma Nirmala, So-Young Park, Yang Hoon Huh, Jiyun Ahn
Summary: The study revealed that acute insulin resistance coincides with mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle, leading to impaired mitochondrial function and the development of acute insulin resistance. Improving mitochondrial function has significant potential in treating acute insulin resistance.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chi Zhang, Hao Li, Jie Li, Jiajin Hu, Keda Yang, Lin Tao
Summary: Osteoporosis is a major concern and high-risk populations need regular bone mineral density testing and appropriate preventive treatment. Oxidative stress, including the direct effect of reactive oxygen species and the reduction of antioxidant enzyme activity, plays a significant role in the development of osteoporosis. Understanding the impact of oxidative stress on osteoporosis can greatly optimize therapeutic schedules.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Gabriella Dobrowolny, Alessandra Barbiera, Gigliola Sica, Bianca Maria Scicchitano
Summary: Aging leads to a decline in physical abilities, especially due to compromised integrity of the neuromuscular system, resulting in reduced mobility and loss of independence, ultimately leading to sarcopenia. Studies suggest that epigenetic modifications and lifestyle interventions like physical exercise and nutrition can help attenuate the age-related decline in the neuromuscular system.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanna Trinchese, Fabiano Cimmino, Gina Cavaliere, Luigi Rosati, Angela Catapano, Daniela Sorriento, Elisabetta Murru, Luca Bernardo, Luciana Pagani, Paolo Bergamo, Rosaria Scudiero, Guido Iaccarino, Luigi Greco, Sebastiano Banni, Marianna Crispino, Maria Pina Mollica
Summary: This study investigated the impact of different types of dairy consumption on heart mitochondrial functions, inflammation, and oxidative stress, finding that dietary supplementation with various types of milk can significantly affect metabolic and inflammatory status through modulation of mitochondrial functions.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stephen T. Decker, Oh-Sung Kwon, Jia Zhao, John R. Hoidal, Thomas Heuckstadt, Russell S. Richardson, Karl A. Sanders, Gwenael Layec
Summary: This study found that sedentary mice exposed to cigarette smoke for 8 months showed preserved mitochondrial respiratory capacity in skeletal muscle, but also increased risk of chronic oxidative stress.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica Bouviere, Rodrigo S. Fortunato, Corinne Dupuy, Joao Pedro Werneck-de-Castro, Denise P. Carvalho, Ruy A. Louzada
Summary: Physical exercise induces acute and adaptative responses at the cellular and systemic levels through the modulation of various signaling pathways in skeletal muscle. Antioxidants can blunt these adaptations, highlighting the crucial role of ROS in exercise. Understanding the balance between beneficial and harmful effects of ROS during and after exercise is a challenging question in exercise biology.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Laetitia Dore, Erwann Durand, Beatrice Bonafos, Jatuporn Chaiyut, Laurent Vaysse, Siriluck Liengprayoon, Sylvie Gaillet, Laurence Pessemesse, Karen Lambert, Christelle Bertrand-Gaday, Charles Coudray, Ariane Sultan, Francois Casas, Christine Feillet-Coudray
Summary: The increase in obesity has become a major global health problem and is associated with numerous metabolic dysfunctions. Recently, a study showed that furan fatty acid (FuFA-F2) extracted from Hevea brasiliensis latex can stimulate muscle anabolism and have favorable effects against obesity. This study aimed to investigate whether preventive nutritional supplementation with FuFA-F2 can have beneficial effects against obesity and metabolic dysfunction in a diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model. The results demonstrated that FuFA-F2 supplementation reduced fat mass, increased lean mass, improved insulin sensitivity, and reduced liver steatosis in DIO mice, suggesting its potential as an effective approach to treat obesity and metabolic syndrome.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Gatto, Angela Di Porzio, Raffaella Crescenzo, Valentina Barrella, Susanna Iossa, Arianna Mazzoli
Summary: The short-term consumption of a high-fructose diet has a significant impact on skeletal muscle metabolism, with more pronounced effects in young individuals than in adults. The study found that young rats showed marked mitochondrial dysfunction and increased oxidative damage, leading to a decrease in insulin sensitivity. These findings highlight the importance of reducing fructose intake, especially in young people, to maintain metabolic health.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jeroen H. P. M. van der Velde, Sebastiaan C. Boone, Esther Winters-van Eekelen, Matthijs K. C. Hesselink, Vera B. Schrauwen-Hinderling, Patrick Schrauwen, Hildo J. Lamb, Frits R. Rosendaal, Renee de Mutsert
Summary: This study found that the number of breaks in sedentary time was not associated with lower liver fat content or reduced insulin resistance. However, engaging in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in the afternoon or evening was associated with a reduction of up to 25% in insulin resistance. Further research should investigate whether the timing of physical activity also plays an important role in the occurrence of type 2 diabetes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sten M. M. van Beek, Yvonne M. H. Bruls, Froukje Vanweert, Ciaran E. Fealy, Niels J. J. Connell, Gert Schaart, Esther Moonen-Kornips, Johanna A. A. Jorgensen, Frederic M. Vaz, Ellen T. H. C. Smeets, Peter J. J. Joris, Anne Gemmink, Riekelt H. H. Houtkooper, Matthijs K. C. Hesselink, Tore Bengtsson, Bas Havekes, Patrick Schrauwen, Joris Hoeks
Summary: In a study conducted on healthy young men, it was found that two weeks of treatment with the beta 2-agonist clenbuterol improved insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. This suggests that beta 2-agonist treatment may have therapeutic potential for type 2 diabetes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jeremy Basset-Sagarminaga, Kay H. M. Roumans, Bas Havekes, Ronald P. Mensink, Harry P. F. Peters, Peter L. Zock, Renee de Mutsert, Jan Boren, Lucas Lindeboom, Patrick Schrauwen, Vera B. Schrauwen-Hinderling
Summary: The study found that reducing the dietary glycemic index and intake of saturated fatty acids, and replacing saturated fatty acids with polyunsaturated fat, can significantly decrease liver fat content and glycemic response.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rodrigo F. Mancilla, Lucas Lindeboom, Lotte Grevendonk, Joris Hoeks, Tim R. Koves, Deborah M. Muoio, Patrick Schrauwen, Vera Schrauwen-Hinderling, Matthijs K. C. Hesselink
Summary: This study investigated the PCr on-kinetics in metabolically compromised and older individuals, and found that their PCr on-kinetics were significantly slower. This slower kinetics was associated with low CrAT protein activity, low acetylcarnitine content, and compromised physical function.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sten van Beek, Dzhansel Hashim, Tore Bengtsson, Joris Hoeks
Summary: Exposure to low ambient temperatures improves glucose homeostasis, primarily through adaptations in skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue in humans. However, the exact physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying these improvements remain to be fully established. Cold exposure holds great promise as a novel lifestyle approach to improve glucose homeostasis in insulin resistant individuals.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Brenna Osborne, Lauren E. Wright, Amanda E. Brandon, Ella Stuart, Lewin Small, Joris Hoeks, Patrick Schrauwen, David A. Sinclair, Magdalene K. Montgomery, Gregory J. Cooney, Nigel Turner
Summary: This study investigated whether specific overexpression of SIRT3 in skeletal muscle could prevent high-fat diet-induced muscle insulin resistance. The results showed that overexpression of SIRT3 did not alleviate muscle insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet and intramuscular triglyceride content was increased. These findings indicate that muscle-specific overexpression of SIRT3 has only minor effects on the acute development of skeletal muscle insulin resistance in high-fat-fed rats.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vera H. W. de Wit-Verheggen, Vera B. Schrauwen-Hinderling, Kim Brouwers, Johanna A. Joergensen, Gert Schaart, Anne Gemmink, Emmani B. M. Nascimento, Matthijs K. C. Hesselink, Joachim E. Wildberger, Patrique Segers, David Montaigne, Bart Staels, Patrick Schrauwen, Lucas Lindeboom, Joris Hoeks, Tineke van de Weijer
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether the phosphocreatine/adenosine triphosphate (PCr/ATP) ratio can be used as an in vivo marker for cardiac mitochondrial function. The findings showed no correlation between the PCr/ATP ratio and mitochondrial function, suggesting that cardiac energy status may not solely rely on mitochondrial function. Interpretation should be done in the appropriate context in cardiac metabolic studies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Rodrigo Mancilla, Diego Pava-Mejia, Nynke van Polanen, Vera de Wit, Maaike Bergman, Lotte Grevendonk, Johanna Jorgensen, Esther Kornips, Joris Hoeks, Matthijs K. C. Hesselink, Vera B. B. Schrauwen-Hinderling
Summary: Mitochondria are essential for cellular energy production and can be assessed using invasive and noninvasive markers. Complex V protein content and citrate synthase activity are the best invasive markers for reflecting skeletal muscle mitochondrial capacity, while exercise efficiency and PCr recovery postexercise are the best noninvasive markers.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Biology
Jan Nedergaard, Gabriella von Essen, Barbara Cannon
Summary: This article discusses whether a decrease in UCP1 activity could cause obesity in humans. Studies in mice suggest that the absence of UCP1 leads to obesity. It is still unknown if similar mechanisms exist in humans.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gabriella von Essen, Erik Lindsund, Elaina M. Maldonado, Petr Zouhar, Barbara Cannon, Jan Nedergaard
Summary: This study examines the possibility of countering obesity by activating brown or beige adipose tissue and UCP1. The findings show that although UCP1 protein may increase, it is not necessarily utilized for diet-induced thermogenesis. Constant activation of UCP1 is required to effectively ameliorate obesity development.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Georges E. Janssens, Lotte Grevendonk, Bauke V. Schomakers, Ruben Zapata Perez, Michel van Weeghel, Patrick Schrauwen, Joris Hoeks, Riekelt H. Houtkooper
Summary: The interest in combating aging has grown due to the increased risk of disease and impaired health associated with aging. However, the lack of simple, interpretable, and accessible biological aging scores is a major obstacle. In this study, PhysiAge was developed as a physiological aging score based on five accessible parameters. PhysiAge was found to be a better predictor of mortality and muscle aging markers compared to calendar age alone. Furthermore, a metabolic signature of decelerated aging was identified using PhysiAge and blood plasma metabolomic profiles. PhysiAge provides an accessible way to track and intervene in aging trajectories, and identifies potential metabolic factors involved in human aging.
Article
Neurosciences
Jan-Frieder Harmsen, Marit Kotte, Ivo Habets, Frederieke Bosschee, Koen Frenken, Johanna A. Jorgensen, Soraya de Kam, Esther Moonen-Kornips, Jochem Cissen, Daniel Doligkeit, Tineke van de Weijer, Edmundo Erazo-Tapia, Mijke Buitinga, Joris Hoeks, Patrick Schrauwen
Summary: This study aimed to test if exercise training can reinforce diurnal variation in whole-body and skeletal muscle metabolism in men with insulin resistance. The results showed that 12 weeks of high-intensity interval training improved body composition and exercise capacity, reduced plasma glucose levels, but did not change free fatty acid and triacylglycerol levels. Additionally, exercise training modified the diurnal variation of muscle clock gene expression and increased mitochondrial respiration, while 24-hour substrate metabolism and energy expenditure remained unchanged.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Charlotte Andriessen, Daniel Doligkeit, Esther Moonen-Kornips, Marco Mensink, Matthijs K. C. Hesselink, Joris Hoeks, Patrick Schrauwen
Summary: The study found that energy expenditure has a day-night rhythm, while the day-night rhythm of carbohydrate and fat oxidation is mainly influenced by food intake. After an extended period of fasting, the absolute rate of fat oxidation rapidly increases, while carbohydrate oxidation gradually decreases.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Brandon P. Russell, David J. Vinyard
Summary: The Mn4CaO5 oxygen-evolving complex in Photosystem II is crucial for water oxidation. D1 residue R334 participates in proton release and interacts with PsbO. A D1-R334G mutant destabilizes the OEC but stabilizes the S2 intermediate.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander A. Bulychev, Tatiana S. Strelets
Summary: Excitable cells of higher plants and characean algae respond to stressful stimuli by generating action potentials that influence chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthesis for an extended period of time. While plant leaves exhibit a reversible depression in the efficiency of photosystem II reaction after an individual action potential, characean algae show long-lasting oscillations of photosystem II reaction efficiency after firing an action potential. This study investigates the possible mechanisms behind these oscillations and suggests that they are a result of metabolic rearrangements in chloroplasts and the cyclosis cessation-recovery cycle induced by calcium influx during action potentials. The findings also indicate that fluidic communications between different cell regions play a role in these oscillations, and the inhibition of oscillations occurs when these communications are restricted or eliminated.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dmitry Zlenko, Elena A. Protasova, Georgy Tsoraev, Nikolai N. Sluchanko, Dmitry A. Cherepanov, Thomas Friedrich, Baosheng Ge, Song Qin, Eugene G. Maksimov, Andrew B. Rubin
Summary: The conformation of chromophores in isolated phycobiliproteins is heterogeneous, but not in the entire phycobilisome (PBS). Under low-energy excitation, there is no significant uphill energy transfer from the core to the peripheral rods of the PBS, while transfer from the terminal emitters to bulk allophycocyanin chromophores is highly probable.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Makio Yokono, Chiyo Noda, Jun Minagawa
Summary: This paper investigates the energy transfer between Photosystem II and Photosystem I in Arabidopsis thaliana, and finds that the fast spillover is reversibly regulated depending on pH.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS
(2024)