Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Verena Warnsmann, Lisa-Marie Marschall, Anja C. Meessen, Maike Wolters, Lea Schurmanns, Marion Basoglu, Stefan Eimer, Heinz D. Osiewacz
Summary: Mitochondria are important organelles involved in various cellular processes. This study found that the ultrastructure of mitochondria changes with age. The regulation of mitochondrial inner membrane proteins is related to lifespan extension, and both subcomplexes of MICOS affect lifespan through different pathways.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nicholas A. Crossland, Samuel Beck, Wei Yu Tan, Ming Lo, Joel B. Mason, Chao Zhang, Weimin Guo, Jimmy W. Crott
Summary: Aging is a significant risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), and gut microbial dysbiosis plays a role in its etiology. Microbiota transplants from old donors to young recipient mice resulted in a higher prevalence of colon tumors, increased colonic cell proliferation, inflammation, and altered fecal microbiota composition. These findings suggest an etiological role for altered gut microbial communities in the increased risk for CRC with aging.
Article
Microbiology
Saskia Weber-Stiehl, Lea Jaerke, Juan Camilo Castrillon-Betancur, Felix Gilbert, Felix Sommer
Summary: Energy and anabolic metabolism are crucial for cellular homeostasis and also play a role in immune responses and cancer development. Mitochondria play a prominent role in these processes, reacting to internal and external cues, including those from the microbiota. Dysbiosis of the microbiota has been associated with diseases, and targeting the microbiota-mitochondria interactions may be a promising therapeutic approach for inflammation and cancer.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Shilu Luo, Ming Yang, Hao Zhao, Yachun Han, Yan Liu, Xiaofen Xiong, Wei Chen, Chenrui Li, Lin Sun
Summary: This article discusses the role of mitochondrial DNA in kidney diseases, with a focus on its leakage into the cytoplasm and inflammatory activation pathways. By elucidating the importance of mtDNA in kidney diseases, it provides a direction for future research.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel H. Mendelsohn, Katja Schnabel, Andreas Mamilos, Samuel Sossalla, Steffen Pabel, Georg Daniel Duerr, Karsten Keller, Volker H. Schmitt, Friedrich Barsch, Nike Walter, Ronald Man Yeung Wong, Thaqif El Khassawna, Tanja Niedermair, Volker Alt, Markus Rupp, Christoph Brochhausen
Summary: Mitochondria have a crucial role in cell physiology and pathophysiology. The dynamics of mitochondria, especially fission and fusion, have been extensively studied in energy-dependent tissues like the heart, liver, and brain. However, there is limited research on mitochondrial dynamics in the orthopedic or trauma fields. This paper summarizes the current knowledge on mitochondrial dynamics in the cardiovascular system and compares it to the musculoskeletal system. It also highlights the potential link between hypoxia-induced mitochondrial fission and inflammatory bone diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Virna Margarita Martin Gimenez, Natalia de las Heras, Vicente Lahera, Jesus A. F. Tresguerres, Russel J. Reiter, Walter Manucha
Summary: Aging is a gradual process that leads to increased vulnerability to weakness, disease, and death. It affects cellular, organ, and overall organism functions, resulting in various dysfunctions and impairments. Aging is associated with the development and progression of diseases, particularly in the cardiovascular and central nervous systems.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Debmita Chatterjee, Palamou Das, Oishee Chakrabarti
Summary: Inflammation is a crucial factor in disease progression and epigenetic modifications can influence the occurrence and development of inflammation. Mitochondria play a key role in regulating inflammation, and mitochondrial epigenetic modifications can affect both inflammation and have an impact on cancer and aging.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoxue Qiu, Chi Chen, Xiaoli Chen
Summary: This study demonstrates that gut microbiota composition changes during aging and the role of Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) in regulating this process, with Lcn2 deficiency shifting the gut microbial community towards an unhealthy population.
Article
Cell Biology
Andrea Irazoki, Marta Martinez-Vicente, Pilar Aparicio, Cecilia Aris, Esmaeil Alibakhshi, Maria Rubio-Valera, Juan Castellanos, Luis Lores, Manuel Palacin, Anna Guma, Antonio Zorzano, David Sebastian
Summary: Sarcopenia is a major factor contributing to disability in aged individuals, with chronic inflammation playing a role in its development. The key unresolved question is the factors driving inflammation during aging and participating in sarcopenia development. Mitochondrial dysfunction and alterations in mitophagy induce inflammatory responses, but whether accumulation of damaged mitochondria in muscle triggers inflammation during aging is still unknown.
Review
Cell Biology
Delong Qin, Junmin Wang, Anh Le, Tom J. Wang, Xuemei Chen, Jian Wang
Summary: The secondary injury process after traumatic brain injury involves ultrastructural changes in various brain cells, which can be better understood through electron microscopy. By studying these changes, researchers aim to improve the diagnosis and treatment of TBI to ultimately enhance patient prognosis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Teresa Rubio-Tomas, Ascension Rueda-Robles, Julio Plaza-Diaz, Ana I. alvarez-Mercado
Summary: Adequate nutrition is crucial for immune homeostasis, but the rising incidence of obesity worldwide is linked to chronic inflammation and cellular senescence. Targeting senescence processes may provide a beneficial approach to combating obesity.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
I-Chien Wu, Chin-San Liu, Wen-Ling Cheng, Ta-Tsung Lin, Hui-Ling Chen, Pei-Fen Chen, Ray-Chin Wu, Chen-Wei Huang, Chao A. Hsiung, Chih-Cheng Hsu
Summary: The study found that a lower leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number was associated with sustained higher levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and these higher levels were instantaneously associated with a higher risk of death.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ming Yang, Chongbin Liu, Na Jiang, Yan Liu, Shilu Luo, Chenrui Li, Hao Zhao, Yachun Han, Wei Chen, Li Li, Li Xiao, Lin Sun
Summary: Renal aging is a degenerative process associated with harmful accumulation. Mitochondria, the energy factories of the cell, play important roles in renal aging through abnormal mitochondrial homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Margalida Torrens-Mas, Cayetano Navas-Enamorado, Devin Wahl, Andres Sanchez-Polo, Anna Picca, Jordi Oliver, Pilar Roca, Marta Gonzalez-Freire
Summary: “Calorie restriction (CR) is the only nutritional strategy proven to extend lifespan, prevent age-related diseases, and delay functional decline. The effects of CR when started early in life are not well understood. This study found that young female rats treated with CR showed similar expression patterns of key genes/pathways associated with healthy aging compared to old animals treated with CR, while in male rats these effects were reduced.”
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Kang Wei, Yang Wei, Yuanfeng Wang, Xinlin Wei
Summary: The potential biological function of tea and its active components on colitis has attracted attention. In this study, the effects of different tea active ingredients on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice were compared. Tea polyphenols (TPPs) showed the greatest effect on colitis, followed by tea polysaccharides (TPS) and theabrownin (TB), while theanine (TA) had no obvious alleviative effect. TPP, TPS, and TB regulated gut microbiota, increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and enhanced intestinal barrier function. TPP and TPS also regulated the activation of Nrf2/ARE and the TLR4/MyD88/NF-kappa B P65 pathway to alleviate colitis. Additionally, TPP demonstrated the greatest antiapoptosis and mitochondrial function protective capability among the tea ingredients.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ciara I. I. Makievskaya, Vasily A. A. Popkov, Nadezda V. V. Andrianova, Xinyu Liao, Dmitry B. B. Zorov, Egor Y. Y. Plotnikov
Summary: The ketogenic diet (KD) has been used for epilepsy treatment since the 1920s and is now being considered for preventing other diseases. Research has investigated the use of KD as a therapeutic approach for ischemic injuries, however, conflicting results have been observed. This review provides a systematic analysis of studies from 1980 to 2022 on the effects and mechanisms of KD and its mimetics on ischemia-reperfusion injury in various organs. The analysis reveals a high diversity in KD composition and treatment protocols, which may contribute to the contradictory effects observed in different studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mikhail V. Dubinin, Vlada S. Starinets, Yuliya A. Chelyadnikova, Natalia V. Belosludtseva, Irina B. Mikheeva, Daria K. Penkina, Anastasia D. Igoshkina, Eugeny Yu. Talanov, Igor I. Kireev, Dmitry B. Zorov, Konstantin N. Belosludtsev
Summary: In this study, NS1619 was found to improve potassium ion transport and content in the heart mitochondria of DMD mice. This led to a decrease in oxidative stress and fibrosis level. The findings suggest that NS1619 could be a potential approach for correcting the pathology in DMD.
BIOCHEMISTRY-MOSCOW
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ljubava D. Zorova, Irina B. Pevzner, Ljudmila S. Khailova, Galina A. Korshunova, Marina A. Kovaleva, Leonid I. Kovalev, Marina V. Serebryakova, Denis N. Silachev, Roman V. Sudakov, Savva D. Zorov, Tatyana I. Rokitskaya, Vasily A. Popkov, Egor Y. Plotnikov, Yuri N. Antonenko, Dmitry B. Zorov
Summary: The homeostasis of transmembrane potential of hydrogen ions in mitochondria is crucial for normal mitochondrial functioning. Mild reduction of membrane potential is recommended in pathological conditions, while maintaining ATP production at sufficient levels for normal cell functioning. Chemical agents and natural proteins such as UCP family proteins, adenine nucleotide translocator, and dicarboxylate carrier have been found to provide uncoupling. This study demonstrates that the butyl ester of rhodamine 19, C4R1, binds to components of the mitochondrial ATP synthase complex through electrostatic interaction, resulting in effective uncoupling. The more hydrophobic derivative C12R1 shows weaker uncoupling activity due to poor binding to mitochondria. Mass spectrometry confirms C4R1 binding to the beta-subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase, and molecular docking suggests a binding site on the interface between the alpha- and beta-subunits, close to the anionic amino acid residues of the beta-subunit. The association of uncoupling effect with binding suggests that the ATP synthase complex can induce uncoupling.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dmitry S. Semenovich, Nadezda V. Andrianova, Ljubava D. Zorova, Irina B. Pevzner, Polina A. Abramicheva, Andrey V. Elchaninov, Olga V. Markova, Aleksandra S. Petrukhina, Dmitry B. Zorov, Egor Y. Plotnikov
Summary: Liver fibrosis is a severe outcome of chronic liver disease, and understanding the molecular targets for normalizing metabolic processes impaired in damaged liver and associated with fibrosis is crucial for targeted therapy. This study investigated the changes in carbohydrate and energy metabolism in rat liver models of fibrosis induced by different factors, and found that fibrosis led to alterations in glycolytic enzymes, mitochondrial respiration, glucuronidation, and pentose phosphate pathways, as well as decreased antioxidant activity and onset of oxidative stress. The changes in metabolism and antioxidant status varied among different fibrosis models.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Valentina A. Babenko, Ksenia S. Fedulova, Denis N. Silachev, Parvaneh Rahimi-Moghaddam, Yulia N. Kalyuzhnaya, Svetlana V. Demyanenko, Egor Y. Plotnikov
Summary: Ischemic stroke is a major cause of disability and death worldwide. Thrombolytic therapy with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only approved treatment, but it often causes hemorrhagic transformation (HT). The activity and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in brain tissue play a crucial role in HT development.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Yulia Shevtsova, Chupalav Eldarov, Natalia Starodubtseva, Kirill Goryunov, Vitaliy Chagovets, Oleg Ionov, Egor Plotnikov, Denis Silachev
Summary: In this study, a Rice-Vannucci model was used to investigate early metabolomic markers of ischemic hypoxic encephalopathy (HIE) in newborn rats. The analysis of dried blood spots from HIE-affected and control rats using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) revealed significant changes in concentrations of both positively and negatively charged metabolites, particularly in lipid metabolites. The metabolic pathway analysis indicated the central role of glycerophospholipid metabolism in triggering systemic responses in HIE. Thus, evaluating lipid biomarkers through targeted HPLC-MS research offers a promising approach for early diagnosis of HIE.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Vasiliy S. Chernyshev, Alexey Yashchenok, Mikhail Ivanov, Denis N. Silachev
Summary: The involvement of EVs in cellular communication has attracted significant interest due to their potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. EVs can be found in various biological fluids, making them ideal for liquid biopsy development and disease treatment. Different approaches for EV isolation and identification have been developed, with filtration-based techniques receiving attention for their versatility and low cost. The combination of filtration and microfluidics holds promise for future healthcare applications.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena G. Varlamova, Egor Y. Plotnikov, Ilya V. Baimler, Sergey V. Gudkov, Egor A. Turovsky
Summary: This study demonstrates the cytoprotective properties of the trace element selenium, its nanoparticles, and selenium nanocomplexes with active compounds. It shows that spherical selenium nanoparticles can protect brain cells during ischemia/reoxygenation, and their effectiveness is dependent on factors such as diameter and pathways of penetration into astrocytes. The research also highlights the potential advantages of studying and utilizing nanorods as nanoparticles.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Artem P. Gureev, Alina A. Alimova, Denis N. Silachev, Egor Y. Plotnikov
Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to chronic diseases and the development of drugs or therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria is important in modern medicine. This review summarizes and discusses the findings obtained from transgenic models studying uncoupled and noncoupled respiration, and explores their therapeutic potential.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)