Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ann Collier, Angela Liu, Jessica Torkelson, Jillian Pattison, Sadhana Gaddam, Hanson Zhen, Tiffany Patel, Kelly McCarthy, Hana Ghanim, Anthony E. Oro
Summary: This study identifies a protein called Gibbin as a key regulator of early epithelial morphogenesis. Gibbin interacts with multiple sequence-specific transcription factors and methyl-CpG-binding proteins to regulate the expression of mesoderm genes. The loss of Gibbin leads to increased DNA methylation at GATA3-dependent mesodermal genes, resulting in a loss of signaling between dermal and epidermal cell types.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irina Bogolyubova, Dmitry Bogolyubov
Summary: DAXX is a multifunctional protein involved in various cellular processes, interacting with transcription factors and chromatin-remodeling proteins in the nucleus. Its specific function in mammalian early development as a chaperone of H3.3 supports proper development, impacting recruitment of ATRX and transcription of tandem repeats. Loss of DAXX results in decreased viability of early embryos.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Larisa Melnikova, Anton Golovnin
Summary: This review discusses the roles of dADD1, dXNP, and ATRX proteins in regulating cellular processes such as chromatin status and gene expression in the Drosophila model. Disruption of ATRX expression in humans is associated with alpha-thalassemia and cancer development. However, the mechanisms by which ATRX regulates cellular processes are still poorly understood. Studying the functioning of dADD1/dXNP in the Drosophila model can provide insights into the multifunctional action of ATRX and its connection with cellular processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Theresia Watzlowik, Sujaan Das, Markus Meissner, Gernot Laengst
Summary: The gene transcription regulation of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is governed by complex epigenetic mechanisms involving chromatin structure and dynamics. The high AT-content of the parasite genome and sequence divergence of chromatin-related proteins suggest significant differences in chromatin-dependent regulation compared to other eukaryotes. Specialized chromatin remodeling enzymes play an essential role in gene regulation in P. falciparum.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Liuyan Huang, Feifei Li, Ling Ye, Fanyuan Yu, Chenglin Wang
Summary: Dynamic chromatin accessibility controls gene expression, regulating stem cell fate determination and tissue homeostasis. Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), as a histone-modifying enzyme that predominantly mediates methylation of lysine 27 in histone H3 (H3K27me1/2/3), plays a canonical role in targeting developmental regulators during stem cell differentiation. Embryonic ectoderm development (EED), the core scaffold subunit of PRC2 and an H3K27me3-recognizing protein, is involved in PRC2 stabilization and allosterically stimulated PRC2. Experimental data suggest that EED-associated epigenetic modifications are essential for stem cell maintenance and differentiation. This review discusses the structural architecture of EED, its contributions, and underlying mechanisms in mediating lineage differentiation of different stem cells during epigenetic modification to enhance our understanding of PRC2.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benjamin Edginton-White, Constanze Bonifer
Summary: The development of multicellular organisms involves differential usage of genetic information to generate various cell types that form specialized tissues. A shift from studying single genes to a global view of gene expression control has revolutionized our understanding of gene functions and cell communication. The paradigm of blood cell development highlights how transcription factors and chromatin components work together in shaping gene regulatory networks and driving differentiation, as well as how this process is altered in blood cancers. Emerging concepts place these processes within subnuclear structures, adding another layer of control to differential gene expression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Graeme J. Thorn, Christopher T. Clarkson, Anne Rademacher, Hulkar Mamayusupova, Gunnar Schotta, Karsten Rippe, Vladimir B. Teif
Summary: The study reveals that the patterns of heterochromatin nanodomains (HNDs) can be computed and determined by the interactions between DNA sequences and protein factors, which helps explain the establishment and changes of H3K9me2/3 patterns. Predicting epigenetic regulation is an important challenge.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Takuya Sakamoto, Sachihiro Matsunaga
Summary: Plants exhibit diverse characteristics and functions of chromatin organization, with similarities and differences to animals. The relationship between chromatin organization and transcriptional regulation in response to environmental stresses is becoming clearer. The regulation of specific chromatin positions in the nuclear space plays a crucial role in transcription, and recent findings suggest that local chromatin interactions have a greater impact on gene expression regulation than large-scale chromatin organization. The study highlights the importance of chromatin dynamics and transcriptional regulation in plants and discusses future directions in this field.
CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Dermatology
Ramile Dilshat, Hong Nhung Vu, Eirikur Steingrimsson
Summary: Melanocytes originate in the neural crest, migrate and proliferate before differentiating into pigment-producing cells, determining color and protecting against UV radiation; their lineage is regulated by transcription factors and signaling pathways, with epigenetic modifiers and replacement histones playing key roles in this process.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Anghui Peng, Wang Peng, Ruiqi Wang, Hao Zhao, Xinyang Yu, Yihao Sun
Summary: Three-dimensional genomics is a frontier field that explores the relationship between chromatin spatial conformation and gene transcription regulation. The study of 3D genome conformation in cancer cells helps understand the distinct epigenetic patterns and gene regulation processes in cancer biology. Research in tumor 3D genomics has grown rapidly in recent years, allowing for a better understanding of the relationship between cancer pathogenesis and chromatin structure.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eliya Bitman-Lotan, Amir Orian
Summary: Active and continued supervision is required to regulate the differentiated identity, as inability to do so is a hallmark of aging and aging-related disease. A network of nuclear regulators, including transcription factors, epigenetic regulators, and the localization of silent genes, is dedicated to maintaining cellular identity. Recent discoveries focus on mechanisms involving H3K9me3-decorated heterochromatin and the importance of nuclear lamins in cell identity, with relevance to aging and age-related disease discussed.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vanessa Polanetzki, Franziska Froeb, Tina Baroti, Margit Schimmel, Ernst R. Tamm, Michael Wegner
Summary: The study suggests that Pbrm1 and the PBAF complex are dispensable for proper Schwann cell development, and previous observed defects in Schwann cells upon Brg1 deletion are mainly due to altered or absent function of the BAF complex.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Wen Li, Fuchou Tang
Summary: Leveraging nanopore long-read sequencing, scNanoHi-C uses a single-cell approach to identify multiway interactions between enhancers and target promoters, enabling investigation of heterogeneities of single-cell gene regulation networks mediated by high-order 3D chromatin structures.
Article
Cell Biology
Chang Sun, Yuan Qi, Natalie Fowlkes, Nina Lazic, Xiaoping Su, Guillermina Lozano, Amanda R. Wasylishen
Summary: Daxx functions as a histone chaperone for the histone H3 variant H3.3 and is essential for embryonic development. It interacts with Atrx to deposit H3.3 into heterochromatin, and this interaction is dispensable for viability. However, the interaction between Daxx and H3.3 is essential for postnatal viability and is important for silencing endogenous retroviruses and maintaining proper immune cell composition.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Angeliki Ntorla, Joseph Robert Burgoyne
Summary: Histone crotonylation is a newly identified epigenetic modification that regulates gene expression and is functionally distinct from histone acetylation, potentially regulating cellular metabolic status through competition for modification sites. It plays diverse functional roles within the cell, including signal-dependent gene activation, spermatogenesis, and tissue injury.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
