Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dinesh Dhankhar, David Salom, Krzysztof Palczewski, Peter M. Rentzepis
Summary: Rhodopsin enables night vision, while cone opsins are responsible for color vision in bright-light conditions. The molecular characterization of cone opsins, compared to rhodopsin, is less understood. The spectra and kinetics of the intermediates of human green-cone visual pigment (MWS opsin) were measured and compared to bovine rhodopsin. The major intermediates of MWS opsin were observed within the picosecond to millisecond time range. Although some intermediates of MWS opsin show similarities to bovine rhodopsin, there are notable differences, especially in their kinetics.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valerio Marino, Matteo Riva, Davide Zamboni, Karl-Wilhelm Koch, Daniele Dell'Orco
Summary: This study investigates the mechanism by which the calcium-sensor protein recoverin regulates the activity of rhodopsin kinase in photoreceptors. The presence of both GRK1 and membrane is crucial for the physiological response to changes in intracellular calcium levels, driving the structural transitions of recoverin via a conformational selection mechanism. These findings may have implications for other sensory transduction systems involving protein complexes and biological membranes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aritra Bej, James B. Ames
Summary: Retinal cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) ion channels play a crucial role in visual phototransduction. This review discusses the binding of calmodulin to CNGB1 subunits and its impact on channel desensitization and retinal disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Satoru Kawamura, Shuji Tachibanaki
Summary: In the vertebrate retina, rods and cones differ in their functional aspects such as light sensitivity and temporal resolution, as well as some cell biological aspects. The phototransduction cascade reactions are mostly different between rods and cones, which explain the lower light sensitivity and briefer light responses in cones compared to rods. Additionally, a calcium-binding protein may have a currently unnoticed role in shaping light responses.
PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Deepak Poria, Alexander V. Kolesnikov, Tae Jun Lee, David Salom, Krzysztof Palczewski, Vladimir J. Kefalov
Summary: Recent research suggests that the virtual assistant Jones can help users better prepare for interviews. He enhances users' interview skills by providing interview questions, simulating interviews, and giving personalized feedback.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nozomu Takata, Jason M. Miska, Marc A. Morgan, Priyam Patel, Leah K. Billingham, Neha Joshi, Matthew J. Schipma, Zachary J. Dumar, Nikita R. Joshi, Alexander V. Misharin, Ryan B. Embry, Luciano Fiore, Peng Gao, Lauren P. Diebold, Gregory S. McElroy, Ali Shilatifard, Navdeep S. Chandel, Guillermo Oliver
Summary: Using eye organoids and mouse models, the authors demonstrate that lactate plays a bioenergetic independent role as a cell signaling molecule during early eye formation in mice. The study reveals the importance of aerobic glycolysis in retinal development and identifies specific glucose transporters and glycolytic genes involved. Lactate-mediated upregulation of eye-field transcription factors is controlled by epigenetic modifications.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vasiliy I. Vladimirov, Margarita P. Shchannikova, Alexey V. Baldin, Alexey S. Kazakov, Marina P. Shevelyova, Aliya A. Nazipova, Viktoriia E. Baksheeva, Ekaterina L. Nemashkalova, Anastasia S. Frolova, Natalia K. Tikhomirova, Pavel P. Philippov, Andrey A. Zamyatnin, Sergei E. Permyakov, Dmitry V. Zinchenko, Evgeni Yu. Zernii
Summary: The formation of the complex between Caveolin-1 and recoverin is regulated by redox state. The high affinity interaction of thiol-oxidized recoverin with Caveolin-1 may affect the translocation and desensitization of visual proteins.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jared D. Chrispell, Yubin Xiong, Ellen R. Weiss
Summary: This study investigates the role of cAMP-dependent GRK phosphorylation in cone photoreceptor recovery. Experiment results in zebrafish show that elevated cAMP levels significantly decrease the recovery of cone photoresponse, mediated by Grk7a instead of Grk1b. Using a cone-specific dominant negative PKA transgene, it is demonstrated for the first time that PKA is required for the phosphorylation of Grk7a in vivo. Furthermore, immunoblot analyses reveal that cone-expressed Grk1 does not undergo cAMP-dependent phosphorylation in vivo.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Klaus Peter Hofmann, Trevor D. Lamb
Summary: This article mainly introduces the light sensor of vertebrate scotopic vision, rhodopsin, which has remarkable physicochemical properties. The article describes the structural features, evolution, and activation mechanisms of rhodopsin, as well as light absorption, spectral sensitivity, photoreceptor electrical responses, and recovery of rhodopsin and the visual system from intense bleaching exposures. It then provides a detailed examination of rhodopsin's molecular structure and function.
PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Trevor D. Lamb
Summary: The vertebrate retina utilizes a duplex system of photoreceptors, rods and cones, to detect light under different levels of illumination. Rods are more sensitive but slower in response, functioning effectively in low light, while cones respond rapidly and work in brighter conditions. These two types of cells use different genes for the process of light detection, representing a unique evolutionary system.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
William H. Walker
Summary: This article discusses the impact of microRNAs on male fertility, specifically focusing on the regulation of gene expression in germ cells and Sertoli cells. The study highlights the importance of miRNA in differentiating spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, and Sertoli cells, and how they contribute to the overall process of spermatogenesis. Additionally, the role of miRNAs in signaling the initiation of puberty in a non-human primate model is also discussed.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
M. Alwalidi, A. Ganji Kheybari, S. Subramaniam, S. Hoffmann
Summary: A simulation tool was developed to validate its effectiveness for different lighting scenarios. The nine-channel simulation outperformed the three-channel simulation in scenarios with electric light and a combination of daylight and electric light. However, increasing the number of channels from 3 to 27 showed only a small improvement for continuous daylight. Increasing the channels to 81 may contribute to more complex scenarios.
LIGHTING RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Rui Mao, Xiaoyun Zhang, Youyong Kong, Shanshan Wu, Hai-qin Huo, Yue Kong, Zhen Wang, Yan Liu, Zhengping Jia, Zikai Zhou
Summary: This study reveals the important role of ALK in neurodevelopment, as transient embryonic ALK inactivation can affect the structure and function of the adult brain. Through scRNA-seq, it was found that ALK influences differentially expressed genes at different developmental stages, many of which are associated with neurological or neuropsychiatric disorders.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gianni M. Castiglione, Yan L. I. Chiu, Eduardo de A. Gutierrez, Alexander Van Nynatten, Frances E. Hauser, Matthew Preston, Nihar Bhattacharyya, Ryan K. Schott, Belinda S. W. Chang
Summary: Animals with enhanced dim-light sensitivity are more susceptible to light-induced retinal degeneration under bright light conditions. The convergence of Arr-1 and RHO in owls and deep-diving whales suggests a potential role in eye photoprotection.
Review
Cell Biology
Binhai Zheng, Mark H. Tuszynski
Summary: One hundred years ago, Ramon y Cajal claimed that adult central nervous system neurons cannot regenerate. However, recent years have seen significant progress in understanding the molecular control of axon regeneration after CNS injury. The limitations to CNS regeneration in adults include the failure to form substrates for axon attachment, environmental factors inhibiting axon growth, astrocyte responses, and intraneuronal mechanisms controlling cellular growth. New hypotheses, such as neuronal reversion to an embryonic state after spinal cord injury, offer potential avenues for promoting regeneration with neural stem cell transplantation. These advancements are crucial for developing treatment strategies for spinal cord injury in humans.
NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander V. Kolesnikov, Tivadar Orban, Hui Jin, Celine Brooks, Lukas Hofmann, Zhiqian Dong, Maxim Sokolov, Krzysztof Palczewski, Vladimir J. Kefalov
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2017)
Article
Neurosciences
Shinya Sato, Rikard Frederiksen, M. Carter Cornwall, Vladimir J. Kefalov
VISUAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2017)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Frans Vinberg, Igor V. Peshenko, Jeannie Chen, Alexander M. Dizhoor, Vladimir J. Kefalov
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2018)
Article
Physiology
Philip D. Kiser, Jianye Zhang, Aditya Sharma, Juan M. Angueyra, Alexander V. Kolesnikov, Mohsen Badiee, Gregory P. Tochtrop, Junzo Kinoshita, Neal S. Peachey, Wei Li, Vladimir J. Kefalov, Krzysztof Palczewski
JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Shinya Sato, Igor V. Peshenko, Elena V. Olshevskaya, Vladimir J. Kefalov, Alexander M. Dizhoor
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2018)
Review
Ophthalmology
Frans Vinberg, Jeannie Chen, Vladimir J. Kefalov
PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH
(2018)
Article
Cell Biology
Ignacio Sarria, Yan Cao, Yuchen Wang, Norianne T. Ingram, Cesare Orlandi, Naomi Kamasawa, Alexander V. Kolesnikov, Johan Pahlberg, Vladimir J. Kefalov, Alapakkam P. Sampath, Kirill A. Martemyanov
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexanderv Kolesnikov, Peter H. Tang, Vladimir J. Kefalov
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Shinya Sato, Beata Jastrzebska, Andreas Engel, Krzysztof Palczewski, Vladimir J. Kefalov
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sidney M. Gospe, Amanda M. Travis, Alexander Kolesnikov, Mikael Klingeborn, Luyu Wang, Vladimir J. Kefalov, Vadim Y. Arshaysky
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leo Volkov, Jeong Sook Kim-Han, Lauren M. Saunders, Deepak Poria, Andrew E. O. Hughes, Vladimir J. Kefalov, David M. Parichy, Joseph C. Corbo
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Physiology
Alexander V. Kolesnikov, Philip D. Kiser, Krzysztof Palczewski, Vladimir J. Kefalov
Summary: The study reveals the crucial role of cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein (CRALBP) in cone pigment regeneration, especially in modulating the efficiency of the retina visual cycle through its expression in Muller cells. Blocking the RPE visual cycle in mice with reduced CRALBP expression resulted in suppressed cone dark adaptation, indicating a shunt in the classical RPE visual cycle bypasses CRALBP and allows rapid cone dark adaptation.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shivangi M. Inamdar, Colten K. Lankford, Deepak Poria, Joseph G. Laird, Eduardo Solessio, Vladimir J. Kefalov, Sheila A. Baker
Summary: Heteromeric Kv2.1/Kv8.2 channels are voltage-gated potassium channels localized to the photoreceptor inner segment. Mutations in Kv8.2 result in cone dystrophy with supernormal rod response. In this study, a Kv8.2 knockout (KO) mouse model was generated to investigate retinal signaling and photoreceptor degeneration. The results showed delayed or reduced signaling from rods and mild retinal degeneration. The loss of Kv8.2 also affected responses to flickering light and resulted in reduced cone-driven ERG b wave amplitudes and degeneration in an all-cone retina background.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yunlu Xue, Xiaomei Sun, Sean K. Wang, Gayle B. Collin, Vladimir J. Kefalov, Constance L. Cepko
Summary: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an ocular disease characterized by the loss of night vision, followed by the loss of daylight vision. The timing of cone electroretinogram (ERG) decline in RP mouse models was investigated using physiological assays, and a correlation with the loss of rods was found. Abnormally high chromophore supply to cones upon the loss of rods is toxic to cones, suggesting a potential therapy in some forms of RP to slow down the turnover or reduce the level of visual chromophore in the retina.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chloe Potter, Wanqiu Zhu, David Razafsky, Philip Ruzycki, Alexander V. Kolesnikov, Teresa Doggett, Vladimir J. Kefalov, Ewelina Betleja, Moe R. Mahjoub, Didier Hodzic