Article
Neurosciences
Melanie Falgairolle, Michael J. O'Donovan
Summary: Research has shown that the depolarization of spinal inhibitory interneurons expressing channelrhodopsin can have opposite effects on locomotor rhythms depending on the activation mode of the locomotor circuitry. This suggests that the function of V1 neurons is dependent on how the locomotor rhythm is activated, and that the functional organization of corresponding locomotor networks also differs.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Wen-Yuan Li, Ling-Xiao Deng, Feng-Guo Zhai, Xiao-Yu Wang, Zhi-Gang Li, Ying Wang
Summary: Chx10+V2a interneurons have essential roles in spinal motor regulation and are involved in locomotor control, rhythmic pattern maintenance, and complex locomotion. They are considered a promising therapeutic target for spinal cord injury.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Kimberly J. Dougherty
Summary: Locomotion is a complex motor task carried out by spinal neurons. Identifying the specific function of different types of spinal cord neurons is challenging due to their diversity. Recent studies have made significant progress in molecularly identifying broad classes of spinal interneurons. Other classifiers such as location, electrophysiological properties, and connectivity have also been used to narrow down the relationship between groups of neurons and specific functions. However, there are still functional groups, like rhythm generating neurons, that do not have clear identifiers. Factors like experience and plasticity further complicate the definition of functional subpopulations of spinal neurons, but studying spinal cord injury may offer insights.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Shota Kinoshita, Yoichiro Sugiyama, Keiko Hashimoto, Shinya Fuse, Shigeyuki Mukudai, Toshiro Umezaki, Mathias Dutschmann, Shigeru Hirano
Summary: In this study, unilateral inhibition of the medullary dorsal swallowing networks was found to decrease the activities of swallowing-related cranial motor nerves and modulate the activity of swallowing interneurons. The neuronal networks in the dorsal medulla are responsible for regulating the spatiotemporal organization of pharyngeal swallowing movements through bilateral coordination of the swallowing central pattern generator.
Article
Neurosciences
Ryota Yamamoto, Yoichiro Sugiyama, Keiko Hashimoto, Shota Kinoshita, Akiyo Takemura, Shinya Fuse, Mami Kaneko, Shigeyuki Mukudai, Toshiro Umezaki, Mathias Dutschmann, Takashi Nakagawa, Shigeru Hirano
Summary: This research investigates sensory-motor integration during oropharyngeal swallowing from different sensory sources. The study found that electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve and oral injections can trigger swallowing responses, and the modulation of neuronal activity may contribute to the coordination of bolus transfer during swallowing.
NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ping Fu, Yu-Shuo Mei, Wei-Jia Liu, Ping Chen, Qing-Chun Jin, Shi-Qi Guo, Hui-Ying Wang, Ju-Ping Xu, Yan-Chu-Fei Zhang, Xue-Ying Ding, Cui-Ping Liu, Cheng-Yi Liu, Rui-Ting Mao, Guo Zhang, Jian Jing
Summary: The study discovered two elevenin receptors in the annelid Platynereis dumerilii and three elevenin GPCRs in the mollusc Aplysia, indicating the presence of the elevenin signaling system in both. It was demonstrated that elevenin activated these receptors through a disulfide bond, which was essential for their activity. Additionally, certain conserved residues outside the disulfide bond ring were also found to be critical to receptor activity. These findings provide a crucial foundation for further investigation into the functions of elevenin and its receptors in Aplysia and other molluscs.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ricardo Erazo-Toscano, Mykhailo Fomenko, Samuel Core, Ronald L. Calabrese, Gennady Cymbalyuk
Summary: Life-supporting rhythmic motor functions require specialized oscillatory circuits called central pattern generators (CPGs) that can generate a robust rhythm. We hypothesize that the interaction between the Na+/K+ pump current, Ipump, and the persistent Na+ current, INaP, produces a mechanism supporting functional bursting. By applying dynamic clamp, we show that an increase in both Ipump and INaP leads to a transition into a new bursting regime with higher spike frequency and larger amplitude of membrane potential oscillations.
Article
Neurosciences
Akiyo Takemura, Yoichiro Sugiyama, Ryota Yamamoto, Shota Kinoshita, Mami Kaneko, Shinya Fuse, Keiko Hashimoto, Shigeyuki Mukudai, Toshiro Umezaki, Mathias Dutschmann, Shigeru Hirano
Summary: This study examines the role of neurons in the pontine respiratory group (PRG) in the regulation of swallowing. The study shows that inhibition of PRG leads to a decrease in swallowing motor activities and interneuron discharge in the dorsal medulla. The findings suggest that PRG plays a crucial role in controlling the pharyngeal stage of swallowing.
Article
Entomology
Beck Strohmer, Charalampos Mantziaris, Demos Kynigopoulos, Poramate Manoonpong, Leon Bonde Larsen, Ansgar Bueschges
Summary: This study delves into the neural organization, connectivity, and gait control of stick insects, revealing spontaneous recurrent patterns in the meso- and metathoracic ganglia with a qualitative difference between them. By constructing a network based on neurophysiological data, the researchers were able to reproduce these patterns, providing insights into the neural architecture underlying coordinated locomotion.
FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jared M. Cregg, Roberto Leiras, Alexia Montalant, Paulina Wanken, Ian R. Wickersham, Ole Kiehn
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Maite Marcantoni, Andrea Fuchs, Peter Low, Dusan Bartsch, Ole Kiehn, Carmelo Bellardita
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicholas J. Stachowski, Kimberly J. Dougherty
Summary: The spinal cord is crucial in mediating sensory responses and coordinating movement by activating complex spinal microcircuits that filter external stimuli and determine which signals are transmitted to higher order structures in the CNS. Recent studies have identified distinct populations of inhibitory interneurons in the dorsal and ventral spinal cord, highlighting the importance of inhibitory control in sensorimotor pathways at the spinal level.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Pavel Zelenin, Manideep G. Vemula, Vladimir F. Lyalka, Ole Kiehn, Adolfo E. Talpalar, Tatiana G. Deliagina
Summary: The study reveals the inhibitory role of excitatory V0 neurons in backward locomotion and scratching, as well as their active inhibition of contralateral scratching. Other V0 subpopulations contribute to postural corrections, while all V0 subpopulations play a role in generating righting behavior. Different V0 subpopulations are involved in left?right coordination in different parts of the body during specific behaviors.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Haohao Wu, Charles Petitpre, Paula Fontanet, Anil Sharma, Carmelo Bellardita, Rolen M. Quadros, Paulo R. Jannig, Yiqiao Wang, J. Alexander Heimel, Kylie K. Y. Cheung, Simone Wanderoy, Yang Xuan, Konstantinos Meletis, Jorge Ruas, Channabasavaiah B. Gurumurthy, Ole Kiehn, Saida Hadjab, Francois Lallemend
Summary: The study identified three main types of proprioceptive neurons (Ia, Ib and II PNs) and found that they segregate into eight distinct subgroups. Importantly, Ia-PN subtypes are plastic, suggesting a role in adaptive proprioception during motor behavior.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ilary Allodi, Roser Montanana-Rosell, Raghavendra Selvan, Peter Low, Ole Kiehn
Summary: In a model of ALS, it has been found that motor neurons receive stronger inhibitory synaptic inputs than slow motor neurons, and disease progression is associated with specific loss of inhibitory synapses onto fast motor neurons.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Roberto Leiras, Jared M. Cregg, Ole Kiehn
Summary: This review examines recent advances in understanding the brainstem circuits involved in controlling locomotion. The study highlights the importance of delineated command circuits and the need to establish functional connections between these circuits and other brain areas. The unresolved issues regarding the integrated function of locomotor control are also discussed.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Debora Masini, Ole Kiehn
Summary: The study demonstrates that cell-type specific stimulation of brainstem neurons can restore severe locomotor deficit in mouse models of parkinsonism, suggesting a potential target for neuromodulatory restoration of locomotor function in Parkinson's disease.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Susmita Malwade, Janina Gasthaus, Carmelo Bellardita, Matej Andelic, Borna Moric, Irina Korshunova, Ole Kiehn, Navneet A. Vasistha, Konstantin Khodosevich
Summary: This study found that the impact of 15q13.3 microdeletion on precursor proliferation is due to a reduction in Klf13 expression. The lack of Klf13 in the Df(h15q13.3)/+ cortex may be the main cause of perturbed density of cortical interneurons. Therefore, the behavioral defects seen in 15q13.3 microdeletion may result from developmental perturbation due to selective vulnerability of cortical interneurons during sensitive stages of their development.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalia A. Shevtsova, Erik Z. Li, Shayna Singh, Kimberly J. Dougherty, Ilya A. Rybak
Summary: This article describes and analyzes a computational model of neural circuits in the mammalian spinal cord that are responsible for generating and shaping locomotor-like oscillations. The model represents different populations of spinal neurons, including genetically identified and characterized neurons from previous experimental studies. Specifically, the article focuses on the ipsilaterally projecting V1 interneurons and their role in the spinal locomotor circuitry, as well as their involvement in the generation of locomotor oscillations. The proposed connections and involvement of these neurons in different pathways allow the model to replicate the results of optogenetic manipulations under various experimental conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Li-Ju Hsu, Maelle Bertho, Ole Kiehn
Summary: This study investigates how locomotor commands are transmitted between the brain and spinal cord in mammals. The findings reveal that specific brainstem areas contain neurons that directly initiate locomotion in the spinal cord. Using calcium imaging, the study also visualizes the transformation of this command into rhythmic locomotor activity through glutamatergic modules in the spinal cord.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Correction
Neurosciences
Haizea Goni-Erro, Raghavendra Selvan, Vittorio Caggiano, Roberto Leiras, Ole Kiehn
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Haizea Goni-Erro, Raghavendra Selvan, Roberto Leiras, Ole Kiehn
Summary: Arrest of ongoing movements is an important aspect of motor programs, which can be triggered by the termination of goal-directed movements or as a global response to fear or salient environmental cues. The study discovers that activation of glutamatergic Chx10-derived neurons in the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) in mice can induce a global motor arrest with pause-and-play pattern and simultaneous apnea and bradycardia. This finding suggests the existence of a motor command for global motor arrest and identifies a role for rostrally biased glutamatergic neurons in the PPN.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Alexia Montalant, Ole Kiehn, Jean-Francois Perrier
Summary: Spinal cord astrocytes respond to dopamine and noradrenaline with compartmentalized calcium responses that start in endfeet. Dopamine induces localized responses, while noradrenaline triggers stronger, spreading responses. These findings expand our understanding of astrocyte-neurotransmitter interactions and their roles in central nervous system physiology.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soojung Hahn, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Jae Hyeon Kim
Summary: This study utilized three-dimensional intestinal organoids to investigate the effects of metformin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and found that metformin can enhance intestinal barrier function and reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. V. Sudarev, M. S. Gette, S. V. Bazhenov, O. M. Tilinova, E. V. Zinovev, I. V. Manukhov, A. I. Kuklin, Yu. L. Ryzhykau, A. V. Vlasov
Summary: This study investigated the self-assembly processes of ferritin-based protein complexes and obtained structurally characterized oligomeric states. These results provide new potential and opportunities for the application of ferritin in various fields.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yalda Sabaghi, Farnaz Pourfarzad, Leila Zolghadr, Azita Bahrami, Tahereh Shojazadeh, Alireza Farasat, Nematollah Gheibi
Summary: p-Coumaric acid (p-CA) is a plant compound with anti-cancer activities. This study designed a nano-liposomal carrier containing p-CA to enhance its effectiveness against melanoma cells. The findings showed that the liposomal form of p-CA had a greater impact on the cells. Kinetic modeling indicated that the best fitting model was zero-order.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. D. Nazmul Hasan, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Al Asmaul Husna, Nobuhiro Nozaki, Osamu Yamato, Naoki Miura
Summary: This study investigated the expression of ncRNAs other than miRNAs in different histologic subtypes of canine mammary gland tumors (MGT). Three aberrantly expressed ncRNAs were identified as potential biomarkers for differentiating MGT subtypes. YRNA and tRFs expression levels were found to be decreased in metastatic compared to primary MGT cell lines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seine A. Shintani
Summary: In this study, the researchers used signal analysis to study the instantaneous amplitude and phase of sarcomeric oscillations in skeletal muscle. They identified two types of oscillations, sarcomeric oscillations and sarcosynced oscillations, and visualized their behavior during propagating waves. The researchers discovered the presence of sarcomeric defect holes and sarcomeric collision holes, which are important indicators for understanding the oscillation properties of sarcomeres. This finding has important implications for improving our understanding of muscle function and its regulatory mechanisms.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuanglin Zhang, Yuzhong Jia, Guolan Ma, Yanyan Yang, Zhenzhen Cao, Antao Luo, Zefu Zhang, Shihan Li, Jie Wen, Hanfeng Liu, Jihua Ma
Summary: Bupleurum is an antiarrhythmic agent that may exert its effects by inhibiting L-type calcium channels.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomotaka Ohkubo, Yasuhiko Matsumoto, Hiroaki Sasaki, Kaoru Kinoshita, Yuki Ogasawara, Takashi Sugita
Summary: This study found that Citrobacter koseri inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis, disrupting the balance between S. epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, and exacerbating inflammation in atopic dermatitis.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshifumi Asano, Philipp Sasse, Takao Nakata
Summary: A Cre recombination-based fluorescent reporter system was developed to monitor cell-cell fusion. The system successfully detected the formation of multinuclear myotubes and placental syncytiotrophoblast. This tool could facilitate the study of cell-to-cell fusion.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ke Shi, Yunlong Shan, Xiao Sun, Kuida Chen, Qiong Luo, Qiang Xu
Summary: This study found that low expression of TP53INP2 is associated with poor survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. As the malignancy of CRC progresses, TP53INP2 expression gradually decreases. Knockdown of TP53INP2 promotes CRC cell proliferation and tumor growth. Mechanistically, TP53INP2 deficiency decreases phosphorylation of beta-catenin, leading to increased accumulation and enhanced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. Additionally, TP53INP2 sequesters TIM50, inhibiting its activation of beta-catenin. In conclusion, downregulation of TP53INP2 promotes CRC progression by activating beta-catenin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Rossi, Fabio Tomaselli, Alejandro Hochkoeppler
Summary: Oligomeric enzymes are known for their higher catalytic rates compared to monomeric enzymes, but the extent of additivity in their activity is still not well understood. This study used tetrameric rabbit lactate dehydrogenase as a model to examine the kinetics of its catalytic action. Surprisingly, when the concentration of the limiting reactant exceeded that of a single subunit, there was a significant slowdown in the enzyme's conformational rearrangements.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amin Sahraei, Mohammad Javad Shamsoddini, Fakhrossadat Mohammadi, Leila Hassani
Summary: This study explored the inhibitory effects of gallium curcumin, indium curcumin, and vanadyl curcumin on the amyloid fibrillation of hen egg white lysozyme, as well as the binding interactions of these metal complexes with the enzyme. The results showed that indium curcumin and vanadyl curcumin exhibited higher binding affinities and stronger inhibitory effects on amyloid fibrillation compared to gallium curcumin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahiro Sasaki, Yoshiki Kuse, Shinsuke Nakamura, Masamitsu Shimazawa
Summary: PGRN deficiency plays a significant role in cardiac remodeling and arrhythmias post-myocardial infarction (MI), potentially by promoting metabolic abnormalities in macrophages.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongwei Zhao, Yiqiang Li, Yibo Zhang, Chi Zhang
Summary: Electrical brain stimulation technology is commonly used to treat brain neurological disorders, but it can cause side effects. This study investigated the impact of electric fields on nerve fibers and revealed the possible origin of side effects. The findings provide guidance for selecting electrical parameters in clinical stimulation therapy.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia S. Scott, Lake-Ee Quek, Andrew J. Hoy, Johannes V. Swinnen, Zeyad D. Nassar, Lisa M. Butler
Summary: The fatty acid elongation enzyme ELOVL5 plays a critical role in promoting metastasis in prostate cancer. Knocking down ELOVL5 leads to the accumulation of malonyl-CoA, which inhibits fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria. This study highlights the importance of fatty acid elongation in regulating cell viability and provides a potential target for prostate cancer treatment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zan Zhou, Wen-jun Jiang, Li Li, Jun-qiang Si
Summary: This study investigates the effect of noise exposure on cognitive function in mice and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms. The findings suggest that noise exposure leads to increased inflammation, increased phosphorylation of Tau protein, and decreased levels of postsynaptic density protein, resulting in cognitive impairment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)