Article
Clinical Neurology
Chaoping Hu, Xihua Li, Yiyun Shi, Xiaomei Zhu, Lei Zhao, Wenhui Li, Shuizhen Zhou, Yi Wang
Summary: This study provides insight into the comprehensive management and profile of different types of SMA patients in China, highlighting the importance of higher SMN2 copies for better survival and ambulation preservation. Patients receiving regular rehabilitation may have better joint function preservation.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Giulietta M. M. Riboldi, Irene Faravelli, Paola Rinchetti, Francesco Lotti
Summary: Since its identification as the gene responsible for SMA, the functions of the SMN protein have expanded to include roles in RNA processing pathways, mRNA trafficking and translation, axonal transport, endocytosis, and mitochondria metabolism. The SMN complex's activities are regulated by various processes, with post-translational modifications (PTMs) emerging as important regulators. PTMs, such as phosphorylation, methylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, and sumoylation, modulate the pleiotropic functions of the SMN complex. This overview focuses on the PTMs involved in regulating the SMN complex and their implications in SMA pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Katherine S. Watson, Imane Boukhloufi, Melissa Bowerman, Simon H. Parson
Summary: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive condition that typically presents in early infancy with progressive muscle weakness. Recent research has broadened the understanding of SMA beyond neuromuscular aspects, with a focus on fatty acid metabolism abnormalities. The potential of dietary interventions to modulate and reduce the adverse health effects in SMA patients is being explored.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily J. Reedich, Martin Kalski, Nicholas Armijo, Gregory A. Cox, Christine J. DiDonato
Summary: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disease caused by genetic deficiency of the SMN protein. Studies have shown activation of the p53 and p21 pathways in SMA mice, but they are not primary drivers of motor neuron death in milder SMA mouse models like Smn(2B/-).
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rachel James, Helena Chaytow, Leire M. Ledahawsky, Thomas H. Gillingwater
Summary: SMA is an autosomal recessive motor neuron disease caused by mutations in the SMN1 gene. The development of combinatorial therapies for SMA is necessary, with mitochondria being a relevant target for such therapies. Understanding mitochondrial dysfunction in SMA may lead to the development of targeted mitochondrial therapies with potential benefits for other motor neuron diseases and neurodegenerative disorders.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mar Costa-Roger, Laura Blasco-Perez, Ivon Cusco, Eduardo F. Tizzano
Summary: Comprehensive study of the SMN1 and SMN2 genes is crucial for better prediction of SMA in positive neonatal screening cases and early diagnosis to start treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raffaella Adami, Daniele Bottai
Summary: Studying neural stem cells (NSCs) from spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients is important for identifying new treatment targets and supporting affected patients. However, studying NSCs in living patients is challenging, but can be done using animal models or induced pluripotent stem cells. Therapeutic interventions like NSCs transplantation could improve SMA condition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
John W. Day, Kelly Howell, Amy Place, Kimberly Long, Jose Rossello, Nathalie Kertesz, George Nomikos
Summary: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic neuromuscular condition that affects spinal motor neurons. Current treatments have provided incremental improvements, but there is still a significant disease burden for many patients. The development of a combination therapy targeting myostatin inhibition shows potential for managing SMA.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Marija Babic, Maria Banovic, Ivana Berecic, Tea Banic, Mirjana Babic Leko, Monika Ulamec, Alisa Junakovic, Janja Kopic, Jadranka Sertic, Nina Barisic, Goran Simic
Summary: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare genetic disorder caused by the deletion or mutation of the SMN1 gene. Nusinersen and risdiplam, the first FDA-approved medications, increase the production of SMN protein from the backup SMN2 gene. The search for prognostic and pharmacodynamic biomarkers in SMA patients' body fluids is ongoing, although more research is needed to identify new biomarkers or combinations of biomarkers.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Alba Sansa, Sandra de la Fuente, Joan X. Comella, Ana Garcera, Rosa M. Soler
Summary: Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a severe neuromuscular disorder caused by loss of the Survival Motor Neuron 1 gene (SMN1), leading to degeneration of spinal cord motoneurons and progressive muscular atrophy. The activation of apoptosis in SMA MNs and reduction of Akt phosphorylation may play a crucial role in regulating cell degeneration. Our observations suggest potential mechanisms for controlling cell loss in SMA.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Diou Luo, Natalia Nikolaevna Singh, Ravindra Narayan Singh
Summary: This study investigates the generation mechanism of circRNA in SMN genes. It finds that the presence of introns enhances the rate of circRNA generation and that the exon junction complex plays a role in the generation of circRNAs containing only exons. In addition, SMN circRNAs are preferentially localized in the cytoplasm.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Nassim Rad, Haibi Cai, Michael D. Weiss
Summary: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the loss of spinal motor neurons. The majority of patients have loss of expression of survival motor neuron (SMN) 1 protein due to the deletion or other mutations of the SMN1 gene, with the severity influenced by the copy numbers of the SMN2 gene. The management of adult SMA patients requires tailored treatment and multidisciplinary care. Emerging therapies like nusinersen and risdiplam show promise, but further study is needed to assess their efficacy in this population.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anton J. Blatnik, Vicki L. McGovern, Arthur H. M. Burghes
Summary: Proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disorder characterized by motor neuron loss and skeletal muscle atrophy due to deficiency of the essential survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. Therapeutics aimed at increasing SMN protein levels have shown efficacy in treating SMA, but the mechanisms underlying motor neuron loss are still not well understood. Genetics and biochemistry have provided insights into SMA and SMN, from identifying genetic regions to developing potential treatments, but further research is needed to determine critical pathways in SMA.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
P. V. S. Souza, W. B. V. R. Pinto, A. Ricarte, B. M. L. Badia, D. D. Seneor, D. T. Teixeira, L. Caetano, E. A. Goncalves, M. A. T. Chieia, I. B. Farias, E. Bertini, A. S. B. Oliveira
Summary: This study identified a cohort of 20 patients with SMA type 4 in a Brazilian cohort of 227 SMA patients. The most common clinical symptom was limb-girdle muscle weakness, with absent tendon reflexes in 90% of patients and fasciculations in 45% of patients. The majority of patients (80%) had the homozygous deletion of exon 7 in the SMN1 gene, with 60% of them showing four copies of the SMN2 gene.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Maria P. P. Miralles, Alba Sansa, Maria Beltran, Rosa M. M. Soler, Ana Garcera
Summary: Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disorder characterized by muscle weakness and degeneration of spinal cord motoneurons. In this study, the NF-kappa B pathway and Gemin3 protein were found to be reduced in SMA mouse and human motoneurons (MNs). Knockdown of Gemin3 resulted in decreased levels of SMN, IKK beta, and RelA proteins, as well as neurite degeneration in MNs.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ash Lee W. Harris, Matthew E. R. Butchbach
NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS
(2015)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Deborah L. Stabley, Ashlee W. Harris, Jennifer Holbrook, Nicholas J. Chubbs, Kevin W. Lozo, Thomas O. Crawford, Kathryn J. Swoboda, Vicky L. Funanage, Wenlan Wang, William Mackenzie, Mena Scavina, Katia Sol-Church, Matthew E. R. Butchbach
MOLECULAR GENETICS & GENOMIC MEDICINE
(2015)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sharyn L. Rossi, Casey J. Lumpkin, Ashlee W. Harris, Jennifer Holbrook, Cinsley Gentillon, Suzanne M. McCahan, Wenlan Wang, Matthew E. R. Butchbach
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Matthew E. R. Butchbach, Casey J. Lumpkin, Ashlee W. Harris, Luciano Saieva, Jonathan D. Edwards, Eileen Workman, Louise R. Simard, Livio Pellizzoni, Arthur H. M. Burghes
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2016)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Deborah L. Stabley, Jennifer Holbrook, Ashlee W. Harris, Kathryn J. Swoboda, Thomas O. Crawford, Katia Sol-Church, Matthew E. R. Butchbach
NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cinsley Gentillon, Andrew J. Connell, Ryan W. Kirk, Matthew E. R. Butchbach
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Miho Maeda, Ashlee W. Harris, Brewster F. Kingham, Casey J. Lumpkin, Lynn M. Opdenaker, Suzanne M. McCahan, Wenlan Wang, Matthew E. R. Butchbach
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Xiao Chen, Alba Sanchis-Juan, Courtney E. French, Andrew J. Connell, Isabelle Delon, Zoya Kingsbury, Aditi Chawla, Aaron L. Halpern, Ryan J. Taft, David R. Bentley, Matthew E. R. Butchbach, F. Lucy Raymond, Michael A. Eberle
GENETICS IN MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Deborah L. Stabley, Jennifer Holbrook, Mena Scavina, Thomas O. Crawford, Kathryn J. Swoboda, Katherine M. Robbins, Matthew E. R. Butchbach
Summary: Proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an early-onset motor neuron disease caused by deletion or disabling mutations of survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) and affected by the copy number of paralog SMN2. Array digital PCR (dPCR) can accurately and reliably measure SMN1 and SMN2 copy numbers and detect gene conversion events and partial deletions of SMN1. In SMA, higher SMN2 copy numbers are associated with milder disease severity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lingxia Jiang, Robert Lin, Steve Gallagher, Andrew Zayac, Matthew E. R. Butchbach, Paul Hung
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew E. R. Butchbach
Summary: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disease characterized by loss of spinal motor neurons leading to muscle weakness and atrophy. Current therapeutic options for SMA focus on increasing SMN2 expression to increase the amount of SMN protein. Genetic heterogeneity in SMN genes can impact disease phenotype and treatment efficacy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Albano Pinto, Catarina Cunha, Raquel Chaves, Matthew E. R. Butchbach, Filomena Adega
Summary: Transposable elements (TEs) are DNA sequences that can move throughout the genome and play important roles in gene regulation and function. In this study, we examined the presence of TEs in the genomes of SMA patients and healthy individuals and identified distinct TEs within the SMA genes that may impact gene expression by affecting promoter activity, transcriptional termination, and alternative splicing. Understanding the roles of TEs in SMA may provide valuable insights into other neurodegenerative diseases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Casey J. Lumpkin, Ashlee W. Harris, Andrew J. Connell, Ryan W. Kirk, Joshua A. Whiting, Luciano Saieva, Livio Pellizzoni, Arthur H. M. Burghes, Matthew E. R. Butchbach
Summary: Proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic cause of infant death due to the loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord. Low levels of SMN protein are associated with SMA, and small molecules like 4-phenylbutyrate (4PBA) and trichostatin A (TSA) that can increase SMN expression are of interest as potential therapeutics.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Matthew E. R. Butchbach, Rod C. Scott
Summary: Motor neuron diseases (MNDs) are neuromuscular disorders that primarily affect spinal motor neurons. There are numerous gene mutations associated with pediatric-onset MNDs, but effective treatments are currently lacking. Previous research focused on understanding single gene mutations and developing targeted therapies, but this approach has not been successful for multiple MNDs. We propose a systems biology approach that identifies common molecular and cellular pathways affected in early-onset MNDs, with the goal of expanding therapeutic options.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew E. R. Butchbach
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2016)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soojung Hahn, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Jae Hyeon Kim
Summary: This study utilized three-dimensional intestinal organoids to investigate the effects of metformin on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and found that metformin can enhance intestinal barrier function and reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. V. Sudarev, M. S. Gette, S. V. Bazhenov, O. M. Tilinova, E. V. Zinovev, I. V. Manukhov, A. I. Kuklin, Yu. L. Ryzhykau, A. V. Vlasov
Summary: This study investigated the self-assembly processes of ferritin-based protein complexes and obtained structurally characterized oligomeric states. These results provide new potential and opportunities for the application of ferritin in various fields.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yalda Sabaghi, Farnaz Pourfarzad, Leila Zolghadr, Azita Bahrami, Tahereh Shojazadeh, Alireza Farasat, Nematollah Gheibi
Summary: p-Coumaric acid (p-CA) is a plant compound with anti-cancer activities. This study designed a nano-liposomal carrier containing p-CA to enhance its effectiveness against melanoma cells. The findings showed that the liposomal form of p-CA had a greater impact on the cells. Kinetic modeling indicated that the best fitting model was zero-order.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. D. Nazmul Hasan, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Al Asmaul Husna, Nobuhiro Nozaki, Osamu Yamato, Naoki Miura
Summary: This study investigated the expression of ncRNAs other than miRNAs in different histologic subtypes of canine mammary gland tumors (MGT). Three aberrantly expressed ncRNAs were identified as potential biomarkers for differentiating MGT subtypes. YRNA and tRFs expression levels were found to be decreased in metastatic compared to primary MGT cell lines.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seine A. Shintani
Summary: In this study, the researchers used signal analysis to study the instantaneous amplitude and phase of sarcomeric oscillations in skeletal muscle. They identified two types of oscillations, sarcomeric oscillations and sarcosynced oscillations, and visualized their behavior during propagating waves. The researchers discovered the presence of sarcomeric defect holes and sarcomeric collision holes, which are important indicators for understanding the oscillation properties of sarcomeres. This finding has important implications for improving our understanding of muscle function and its regulatory mechanisms.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuanglin Zhang, Yuzhong Jia, Guolan Ma, Yanyan Yang, Zhenzhen Cao, Antao Luo, Zefu Zhang, Shihan Li, Jie Wen, Hanfeng Liu, Jihua Ma
Summary: Bupleurum is an antiarrhythmic agent that may exert its effects by inhibiting L-type calcium channels.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomotaka Ohkubo, Yasuhiko Matsumoto, Hiroaki Sasaki, Kaoru Kinoshita, Yuki Ogasawara, Takashi Sugita
Summary: This study found that Citrobacter koseri inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis, disrupting the balance between S. epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, and exacerbating inflammation in atopic dermatitis.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshifumi Asano, Philipp Sasse, Takao Nakata
Summary: A Cre recombination-based fluorescent reporter system was developed to monitor cell-cell fusion. The system successfully detected the formation of multinuclear myotubes and placental syncytiotrophoblast. This tool could facilitate the study of cell-to-cell fusion.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ke Shi, Yunlong Shan, Xiao Sun, Kuida Chen, Qiong Luo, Qiang Xu
Summary: This study found that low expression of TP53INP2 is associated with poor survival in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. As the malignancy of CRC progresses, TP53INP2 expression gradually decreases. Knockdown of TP53INP2 promotes CRC cell proliferation and tumor growth. Mechanistically, TP53INP2 deficiency decreases phosphorylation of beta-catenin, leading to increased accumulation and enhanced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity. Additionally, TP53INP2 sequesters TIM50, inhibiting its activation of beta-catenin. In conclusion, downregulation of TP53INP2 promotes CRC progression by activating beta-catenin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Rossi, Fabio Tomaselli, Alejandro Hochkoeppler
Summary: Oligomeric enzymes are known for their higher catalytic rates compared to monomeric enzymes, but the extent of additivity in their activity is still not well understood. This study used tetrameric rabbit lactate dehydrogenase as a model to examine the kinetics of its catalytic action. Surprisingly, when the concentration of the limiting reactant exceeded that of a single subunit, there was a significant slowdown in the enzyme's conformational rearrangements.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amin Sahraei, Mohammad Javad Shamsoddini, Fakhrossadat Mohammadi, Leila Hassani
Summary: This study explored the inhibitory effects of gallium curcumin, indium curcumin, and vanadyl curcumin on the amyloid fibrillation of hen egg white lysozyme, as well as the binding interactions of these metal complexes with the enzyme. The results showed that indium curcumin and vanadyl curcumin exhibited higher binding affinities and stronger inhibitory effects on amyloid fibrillation compared to gallium curcumin.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Takahiro Sasaki, Yoshiki Kuse, Shinsuke Nakamura, Masamitsu Shimazawa
Summary: PGRN deficiency plays a significant role in cardiac remodeling and arrhythmias post-myocardial infarction (MI), potentially by promoting metabolic abnormalities in macrophages.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongwei Zhao, Yiqiang Li, Yibo Zhang, Chi Zhang
Summary: Electrical brain stimulation technology is commonly used to treat brain neurological disorders, but it can cause side effects. This study investigated the impact of electric fields on nerve fibers and revealed the possible origin of side effects. The findings provide guidance for selecting electrical parameters in clinical stimulation therapy.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia S. Scott, Lake-Ee Quek, Andrew J. Hoy, Johannes V. Swinnen, Zeyad D. Nassar, Lisa M. Butler
Summary: The fatty acid elongation enzyme ELOVL5 plays a critical role in promoting metastasis in prostate cancer. Knocking down ELOVL5 leads to the accumulation of malonyl-CoA, which inhibits fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria. This study highlights the importance of fatty acid elongation in regulating cell viability and provides a potential target for prostate cancer treatment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zan Zhou, Wen-jun Jiang, Li Li, Jun-qiang Si
Summary: This study investigates the effect of noise exposure on cognitive function in mice and explores the underlying molecular mechanisms. The findings suggest that noise exposure leads to increased inflammation, increased phosphorylation of Tau protein, and decreased levels of postsynaptic density protein, resulting in cognitive impairment.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)