Review
Physiology
Yu-long Bao, Li Wang, Hai-ting Pan, Tai-ran Zhang, Ya-hong Chen, Shan-jing Xu, Xin-li Mao, Shao-wei Li
Summary: Liver fibrosis is a crucial process in chronic liver disease progression, with significant impact on prognosis. Research on liver fibrosis involves assessing different models and characteristics, providing essential insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic approaches.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Simona D'Agnelli, Giada Amodeo, Silvia Franchi, Benedetta Verduci, Marco Baciarello, Alberto Emilio Panerai, Elena Giovanna Bignami, Paola Sacerdote
Summary: The hypothesis that pain may contribute to the development of frailty has been investigated in recent clinical studies, but further research is needed to understand the shared mechanisms between pain and frailty, particularly in genetics, epigenetics, and inflammation. Current evidence is preliminary, with observational clinical studies and a lack of investigation into the impact of pain treatment on frailty progression. Specific research on the pain-frailty relationship is necessary to uncover potential intervention strategies.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
ShuTing Wu, XinXin Wang, WenBo Xing, FenYao Li, Ming Liang, KeShen Li, Yan He, JianMing Wang
Summary: The development of liver fibrosis greatly impacts quality of life and prognosis. Animal models are commonly used to study the underlying mechanisms of human disease, as current organoid technology faces challenges. There are five categories of in vivo liver fibrosis models based on etiology: chemical, dietary, surgical, transgenic, and immune. The efficacy of these animal models varies, with different implications for understanding the disease and screening therapeutic agents. Currently, there is no high-quality literature recommending the most suitable animal models. This paper will provide an overview of commonly used animal models of liver fibrosis, including their development mechanisms, applications, advantages, and disadvantages, as well as recommend appropriate models for different research purposes.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lanuza A. P. Faccioli, Marlon Lemos Dias, Bruno Andrade Paranhos, Regina Coeli dos Santos Goldenberg
Summary: The liver, as an important organ in the human body, performs numerous functions to maintain physiological homeostasis. However, it is susceptible to hepatotoxic agents, which can cause liver damage and lead to irreversible conditions like cirrhosis. Recent studies have shown potential reversibility of liver fibrosis, providing new insights for treatment.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ana Margarida Carvalho, Ruchi Bansal, Cristina C. Barrias, Bruno Sarmento
Summary: Biomaterials are crucial for creating in vitro models of human liver fibrosis, as they allow for a more accurate replication of cell-matrix interactions. These models can provide insights into the development and treatment of liver disease.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Yiqi Yao, Alejandro Ochoa
Summary: Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the Linear Mixed-effects Model (LMM) are common genetic association models, but PCA performs poorly in modeling complex relatedness structures, while LMM usually performs better. Environment effects and family relatedness have significant impacts on association studies in human datasets, and should be better modeled using LMM with appropriate labels.
Article
Oncology
Rong Qiu, Soichiro Murata, Chao Cheng, Akihiro Mori, Yunzhong Nie, Satoshi Mikami, Shunsuke Hasegawa, Tomomi Tadokoro, Satoshi Okamoto, Hideki Taniguchi
Summary: This study aims to develop a new method to generate an HCC mouse model with human tumors and imitates the tumor microenvironment of clinical patients. By generating human HCC organoids in vitro and implanting them into immune-deficient mice, the study successfully introduced controllable tumor microenvironments and studied their roles in HCC tumor growth. The results showed the importance of immune response in slowing down tumor growth at an early stage, providing insights for studying HCC development and developing new treatment options.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Eliza Bliss-Moreau, Peter H. Rudebeck
Summary: Moods play a crucial role in shaping human experience, yet their neurobiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Animal models, especially nonhuman primates, are essential for investigating the origins of mood and validating mood-like states due to limitations in methods and data interpretation in humans.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Dmitrii Shek, Dishen Chen, Scott A. Read, Golo Ahlenstiel
Summary: Liver cancer, predicted to be the third most lethal cancer worldwide by 2030, is primarily caused by obesity, chronic alcohol abuse or viral hepatitis, with alcohol and high fat diet promoting intestinal permeability. Understanding the mechanisms by which liver cancers initiate and progress is crucial, and organoid culture offers advantages for studying the role of the gut-liver axis in cancer initiation and progression.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xiao-Xiao Wang, Rui Jin, Xiao-He Li, Qiang Yang, Xiao Teng, Fang-Fang Liu, Nan Wu, Hui-Ying Rao, Feng Liu
Summary: This study quantitatively evaluated the progression of steatosis and fibrosis in NAFLD animal models using SHG/TPEF technology. The results showed that steatosis was correlated with steatosis grade and fibrosis was better correlated with macrosteatosis. SHG/TPEF technology can be used to monitor the progression of different types of steatosis and fibrosis in NAFLD models.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nan He, Xiaoming Liu, Amber R. Vegter, T. Idil A. Evans, Jaimie S. Gray, Junfeng Guo, Shashanna R. Moll, Lydia J. Guo, Meihui Luo, Ningxia Ma, Xingshen Sun, Bo Liang, Ziying Yan, Zehua Feng, Lisi Qi, Arnav S. Joshi, Weam Shahin, Yaling Yi, Katherine N. Gibson-Corley, Eric A. Hoffman, Kai Wang, Christian Mueller, John F. Engelhardt, Bradley H. Rosen
Summary: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is the most common genetic cause and risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This study used ferret models to demonstrate that complete loss of AAT and the most common mutation in AAT result in lung and hepatic diseases similar to those observed in AATD patients, making them a potential platform for preclinical testing of therapeutics including gene therapy.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Philipp Koenigshofer, Benedikt Silvester Hofer, Ksenia Brusilovskaya, Benedikt Simbrunner, Oleksandr Petrenko, Katharina Woeran, Merima Herac, Judith Stift, Katharina Lampichler, Gerald Timelthaler, David Bauer, Lukas Hartl, Bernhard Robl, Maria Sibila, Bruno K. Podesser, Georg Oberhuber, Philipp Schwabl, Mattias Mandorfer, Michael Trauner, Thomas Reiberger
Summary: The study found that the relative contribution of static fibrosis to the severity of portal hypertension (PH) varies by type of liver injury. In addition to hyperdynamic circulation, increased bile acids, VWF-Ag, IL-6, and HA appear to indicate a pronounced dynamic component of PH in patients.
Review
Biology
Joanna Wisniewska, Agnieszka Sadowska, Anna Wojtowicz, Magda Slyszewska, Anna Szostek-Mioduchowska
Summary: Tissue fibrosis is a pathological condition characterized by excessive ECM deposition due to regulatory process disruption, occurring in nearly all organs. Stem cell therapy, especially MSCs, is considered a potential tool to slow down fibrosis progression and improve patient quality of life. Despite encouraging results, there is a need for further research on various aspects of cell therapy.
Review
Respiratory System
Xu Ye, Mingrui Zhang, Huimin Gu, Mengying Liu, Yichao Zhao, Yanchen Shi, Shufei Wu, Cheng Jiang, Xiaoling Ye, Huihui Zhu, Qi Li, Xinmei Huang, Mengshu Cao
Summary: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive lung disease with an unknown cause, often leading to severe lung damage and high mortality rates. Acute exacerbations (AE) are common complications, but the etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. Establishing reliable animal models is crucial for investigating the mechanisms of AE-IPF.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Lijuan Dan, Yanwei Hao, Hongfei Song, Tianyuan Wang, Jia Li, Xiaoyan He, Yue Su
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated the effective role of the main active ingredients of Astragalus mongholicus in preclinical studies of liver fibrosis. The main active ingredients were found to lower levels of various indicators associated with liver fibrosis through mechanisms such as attenuation of oxidative stress, modulation of inflammatory response, and inhibition of collagen production. However, caution should be taken due to significant heterogeneity and poor study quality.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
