Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Charles C. Lanfear, Rebecca Bucci, David S. Kirk, Robert J. Sampson
Summary: This study examines the differences in exposure to firearm violence by race, sex, and cohort in a longitudinal survey of children in the United States. The findings show significant disparities in exposure to violence based on race and sex, suggesting that societal conditions play a key role. The study highlights the importance of understanding the factors influencing exposure to firearm violence. Evaluation: 8 out of 10.
Article
Psychology, Social
Yulia Apalkova, Marina L. Butovskaya, Todd K. Shackelford, Bernhard Fink
Summary: The study reveals behavioral differences in high-risk men, with Russian alpinists and Special Forces members showing variations in personality, aggression, and sensation seeking, possibly influenced by profession-related individual differences.
PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Huan Xu, Tingting Yang, Bing Guo, Yangzong Silang, Yingxue Dai, Kangzhuo Baima, Yang Gao, Simei Tang, Jing Wei, Ye Jiang, Shiyu Feng, Sicheng Li, Xiong Xiao, Xing Zhao
Summary: This study explores the relationship between chronic exposure to ambient air pollution and allostatic load in Chinese adults. Results show that long-term exposure to PM2.5, PM10, and O-3 is associated with an increased risk of allostatic load.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Erik L. Knight, Yanping Jiang, Jacqueline Rodriguez-Stanley, David M. Almeida, Christopher G. Engeland, Samuele Zilioli
Summary: Exposure to and perceptions of stress are associated with altered systemic inflammation, with diurnal cortisol slopes playing a role in linking self-reported psychological stress to inflammation. The results support an allostatic load model of psychosomatic health, highlighting the importance of cortisol in understanding the relationship between stress exposure, perceived stress, and immune functioning.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jie Shen, Bernard F. Fuemmeler, Yufan Guan, Hua Zhao
Summary: This study examined the association between chronic stress and cancer risk, finding that women with higher levels of chronic stress had a 64% increased risk of overall cancer. This suggests that chronic stress may play a role in the development of cancer.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Kemal Davaslioglu, Bob Pokorny, Yalin E. Sagduyu, Henrik Molintas, Sohraab Soltani, Rebecca Grossman, Clint Bowers
Summary: The Collective Allostatic Load Measures system is designed to collect, aggregate, and analyze multimodal data from teams to improve performance and resilience under acute and chronic stressors by providing recommendation and intervention mechanisms based on real-time measurements of collective allostatic load.
STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jourdyn A. Lawrence, Ichiro Kawachi, Kellee White, Mary T. Bassett, David R. Williams
Summary: This paper examines the associations between different measures of discrimination and allostatic load. The results suggest that everyday discrimination is associated with elevated lipids, while lifetime discrimination is associated with lower sympathetic nervous system, greater cardiovascular risk scores, increased inflammation, metabolic glucose, and metabolic lipids. Appraised burden has nuanced associations with metabolic glucose and parasympathetic nervous system scores.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Sean Latimer Corrigan, Sean Bulmer, Spencer S. H. Roberts, Stuart Warmington, Jace Drain, Luana C. Main
Summary: This study analyzed data from 48 recruits during 12 weeks of basic military training and found that heart rate variability was predicted by subjective responses to the training workload, rather than objective measures of physical activity.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Amanda J. Thompson, Christopher C. Henrich
Summary: The stress of a mother's depression may increase children's allostatic load and cause adverse child outcomes. However, in middle childhood, maternal depression does not significantly affect children's telomere length, and this effect is not moderated by the DRD2 gene.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Nicholas M. Grebe, Alizeh Sheikh, Christine M. Drea
Summary: The study on female-dominant blue-eyed black lemurs found that during the breeding season, female aggression and androstenedione peaked while female-initiated affiliation decreased. On the other hand, male sex hormones and glucocorticoids peaked, possibly in response to increased female aggression, with unusually high estrogen concentrations facilitating male deference through male-initiated affiliation throughout the year. These results highlight the complex, seasonally and hormonally mediated behavior in Eulemur flavifrons.
HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Yingxin Zhang, Zhengling Yang, Huan Yang, Xiuyong Li, Zhi Liu, Youwei Bai, Guangrong Qian, Han Wu, Ji Li, Yuwen Guo, Shanfei Yang, Lei Chen, Jian Yang, Jiuhuai Han, Shengyin Ma, Jing Yang, Linfei Yu, Runzhi Shui, Xiping Jin, Hongyu Wang, Fan Zhang, Tianhao Chen, Xinke Li, Xiaoying Zong, Li Liu, Jihui Fan, Wei Wang, Yong Zhang, Guangcai Shi, Deguang Wang, Shuman Tao
Summary: This study investigated the association between serum magnesium (Mg2+) levels and allostatic load (AL) in hemodialysis patients. The results showed that patients with lower levels of serum Mg2+ were more likely to have high AL. Higher serum Mg2+ concentrations may contribute to lower health risk in hemodialysis populations.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yangyang He, Karin Wuertz-Kozak, Linn K. Kuehl, Pia-Maria Wippert
Summary: Osteoporosis is linked to psychosocial stress through various pathways, including oxidative cellular stress. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) may act as relevant biomarkers or mediate this relationship, playing critical roles in disease progression and clinical applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Sabine Finlay, Cody Roth, Tiansha Zimsen, Zoltan Sarnyai, Brett McDermott, Tahnee Lee Bridson
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the association between Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Allostatic Load (AL), finding that ACEs are associated with elevated AL and poorer health outcomes in adulthood. Furthermore, health risk behaviors, social support, and coping resources moderate or mediate this association.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Elise Whitley, Jonathan Olsen, Michaela Benzeval
Summary: Research indicates that individuals living in disadvantaged neighbourhoods are more likely to experience higher levels of stress. Objective neighbourhood indicators show stronger associations with cumulative stress levels than subjective indicators. Individuals with higher socioeconomic status are less affected by negative neighbourhood characteristics, particularly objective measures.
Review
Psychiatry
Hailey N. Miller, Sarah LaFave, Lea Marineau, Janna Stephens, Roland J. Thorpe
Summary: Evidence suggests a significant positive association between discrimination and allostatic load, with various types of discrimination such as lifetime discrimination and childhood racial discrimination. However, the relationship may differ based on educational attainment.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOMATIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Andrea Ferrari, Jose C. Motta-Junior, Jose de O. Siqueira
Summary: This study quantified the foraging behavior of different tyrant flycatcher species in different seasons and found that the birds change their behavior between the dry and wet seasons. The study also explored the influence of individual sex and age on foraging behavior.
ETHOLOGY ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Verena Buchecker, Ines Koska, Claudia Pace, Steven R. Talbot, Rupert Palme, Andre Bleich, Heidrun Potschka
Summary: Chronic epilepsy models require neurosurgical procedures including depth electrode implants. The intrahippocampal kainate model is a frequently used chronic paradigm, which is based on chemoconvulsant administration and status epilepticus induction during the surgical procedure. This experimental approach raises the question of the extent to which this approach affects postsurgical recovery.
EUROPEAN SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Annika Bach-Hagemann, Ekaterina Harder, Laura Warner, Catharina Conzen-Dilger, Tobias Philip Schmidt, Sarah Pinkernell, Rupert Palme, Ute Lindauer
Summary: This study aimed to assess the burden inflicted on animals after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) or sham surgery in order to provide a scientific evaluation. Using a multimodal approach, the researchers conducted various behavior tests, clinical scoring, and biochemical marker analysis in male Wistar rats. The results showed an increase in clinical scores and weight loss after surgery, indicating impairment in the animals. However, further research is needed to classify the severity of suffering experienced by the animals.
EUROPEAN SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Renee Michele Girbig, Jasmin Baier, Rupert Palme, Rene Tolba, Anne Rix, Fabian Kiessling
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the possible effects of ultrasound imaging on the welfare of healthy mice and explore the potential influence of ultrasound and molecular ultrasound on the well-being and therapy response in breast cancer-bearing mice. The results showed that repeated ultrasound examinations had no detectable impact on the welfare of healthy and tumor-bearing mice. However, the combination of ultrasound and isoflurane anesthesia may attenuate immunological processes in tumor-bearing animals and affect responses to antitumor therapy.
EUROPEAN SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
M. Wieland, D. Nydam, C. M. Geary, K. L. Case, J. M. Melvin, S. Shirky, C. Santisteban, R. Palme, W. Heuwieser
Summary: This study compared the effects of intermittent milking and thrice daily milking on the well-being, udder health, milk production, and risk of culling of dairy cows during the final week of lactation. The results indicated that cows subjected to intermittent milking experienced less udder engorgement and pain, lower concentrations of fecal glucocorticoid metabolites, lower risk of intramammary infection, higher milk production, lower somatic cell count, and lower culling risk. This research provides valuable insights for improving the health and milk production of dairy cows.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Joao Lucas Bernardy, Jessica B. Santiago, Jose Oliveira Siqueira, Paulo Sergio Panse Silveira, Altay de Souza, Marcelo Frota Benvenuti
Summary: We pay tribute to Rachlin's work and emphasize the self-control and altruism involved in researching and writing for posterity. We discuss the influence of Rachlin's work on a series of seminars at the University of Sao Paulo (Brazil), which were based on his book from 1989. We present empirical exercises conducted during these seminars to illustrate Rachlin's contributions to the science of behavior.
JOURNAL OF THE EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Dorothy Munkenbeck Fragaszy, Nalina Aiempichitkijkarn, Yonat Eshchar, Madhur Mangalam, Patricia Izar, Briseida Resende, Elisabetta Visalberghi
Summary: Bearded capuchin monkeys at Fazenda Boa Vista, Piaui, Brazil older than 8 years routinely crack palm nuts with a stone hammer and anvil. An embodied, perception-action stance hypothesizes that monkeys' improving skill at this task is enabled by learning affordances of spatial and force relations produced with objects. The study found that behaviors, body mass, and skill were related to the success of nut cracking in young and adult monkeys.
News Item
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Joaquim Edson Vieira, Jose Oliveira Siqueira, Paulo Sergio Panse Silveira
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Segelcke, Steven R. Talbot, Rupert Palme, Carmen La Porta, Esther Pogatzki-Zahn, Andre Bleich, Anke Tappe-Theodor
Summary: Rodent behavior is influenced by environmental conditions, including housing conditions and familiarization with the experimenter. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different housing conditions and experimenter familiarization on pain-related behavior in male mice with peripheral neuropathy. The results showed that housing conditions and experimenter familiarization had an impact on mechanical sensitivity, gait pattern, anxiety-like behavior, and stress levels in the mice. These findings highlight the importance of considering environmental conditions in preclinical pain studies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Luca Corlatti, Rupert Palme, Teresa G. Valencak, Kimberlina Marie Gomez
Summary: Chronic stress in wildlife can have negative effects on individual fitness, including increased likelihood of disease and parasitic infections. This study investigated the relationship between forage quality and stress levels in Alpine chamois, using fecal cortisol metabolites as indicators of stress. The results suggest that higher quality forage is associated with decreased stress hormones during the summer months.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Sophia Marie Quante, Viktoria Siewert, Rupert Palme, Sylvia Kaiser, Norbert Sachser, S. Helene Richter
Summary: Touchscreen-based procedures are increasingly used in experimental animal research as a promising approach to translational research and to reduce experimenter effects. However, the training phase required for the animals to adapt to the touchscreen test may cause stress and anxiety-like behavior. This study aimed to investigate the effects of terminating touchscreen training on mice, specifically looking at behavior, hormone levels, and exploratory activity. The results suggest that the termination of touchscreen training did not have a significant impact, contradicting the hypothesis of enrichment loss.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Flavia Santamaria, Rolf Schlagloth, Ludovica Valenza, Rupert Palme, Deidre de Villiers, Joerg Henning
Summary: Habitat loss, urbanisation and climate change can cause stress in koalas. Non-invasive monitoring of faecal cortisol metabolites (FCMs) can be used to evaluate the impact of stress. The effectiveness of two enzyme immunoassays (EIAs), 50c and cortisol, in measuring FCM values in wild, stressed koalas was tested. Diseased and injured koalas had significantly higher FCM values than clinically healthy control animals as measured by the 50c EIA. Only the 50c EIA detected higher absolute values in males, and also found that females showed a more elevated response to stress manifested by injury and disease. The cortisol EIA was also found unreliable in detecting stress in rehabilitated koalas treated with synthetic glucocorticoids as it cross-reacts with these chemicals.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Michelle Bezanson, Liliana Cortes-Ortiz, Julio Cesar Bicca-Marques, Ramesh Boonratana, Susana Carvalho, Marina Cords, Stella de la Torre, Catherine Hobaiter, Tatyana Humle, Patricia Izar, Jessica W. Lynch, Tetsuro Matsuzawa, Joanna M. Setchell, Gladys Kalema Zikusoka, Karen B. Strier
Summary: More and more researchers are questioning the terms "Old World" and "New World" due to their colonial implications and history, which may ignore the existence of indigenous peoples. However, finding clear and available alternative terminology is not easy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura Becker, Anne S. Mallien, Natascha Pfeiffer, Christiane Brandwein, Steven R. Talbot, Andre Bleich, Rupert Palme, Heidrun Potschka, Peter Gass
Summary: The forced swim test (FST) is a traditional assay used to assess the antidepressant effects of drugs. There has been a debate about the test's potential aversiveness and burden on animals. This study conducted an evidence-based assessment of the test's severity in rats and found that it causes only mild effects, primarily hypothermia. The researchers suggest refining the test by using warmer water temperatures to maintain the animals' physiological body temperature.
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Paulo Sergio Panse Silveira, Jose Oliveira Siqueira
Summary: In this study, we assessed several agreement coefficients applied in 2x2 contingency tables commonly used in research using dichotomization. We developed a general method to evaluate any estimator candidate for agreement measurement and found that Cohen's kappa is a measurement of association while McNemar's chi-squared cannot assess association or agreement. We concluded that Holley and Guilford's G and Gwet's AC1 are the two authentic agreement estimators with the best performance over a range of table sizes.
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS
(2023)