Article
Environmental Sciences
Lu Xing, Runxiang Zhang, Rixin Gong, Xiaotao Liu, Jun Bao, Jianhong Li
Summary: The study revealed that supplemented dietary selenium (Se) can alleviate the toxicity of cadmium (Cd) on laying hens, improving their performance and egg quality. Selenium restored the balance between oxidation and antioxidant systems, modulated the elements' homeostasis, and alleviated the changes in apoptotic-related gene expression levels. However, selenium could not counteract all negative effects of cadmium.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiong Yu, Fengyu Xue, Zhijun Li, Xinwei Li, Lizhe Ai, Mengdi Jin, Mengtong Xie, Yaqin Yu
Summary: Through a meta-analysis of multiple studies, it was found that the intake of total carotenoids, beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, lycopene, and/or corn xanthin was significantly inversely associated with depressive symptoms, while beta-cryptoxanthin showed no significant correlation. The results suggest that carotenoids may act as protective factors for depressive symptoms, and dietary intake may help reduce the risk of depressive symptoms.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chengfei Zhuang, Jinping Yuan, Yimei Du, Jing Zeng, Yan Sun, Yan Wu, Xing-Hua Gao, Hong-Duo Chen
Summary: Oral carotenoids can protect organs, tissues, and cells from oxidative stress, increase the levels of antioxidative parameters, decrease blood triglyceride levels, and increase blood levels of beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol. The optimal duration for carotenoid intake is 8 weeks.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Everton Luiz Pompeu Varela, Antonio Rafael Quadros Gomes, Aline da Silva Barbosa dos Santos, Eliete Pereira de Carvalho, Valdicley Vieira Vale, Sandro Percario
Summary: Malaria is a global disease associated with oxidative stress, and studies have suggested that inhibiting reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production and increasing the host's antioxidant capacity can be a therapeutic strategy. Supplementation with antioxidants such as lycopene has been proposed for malaria treatment.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Habiba Kausar, Ghazala Ambrin, Mohammad K. Okla, Saud A. Alamri, Walid H. Soufan, Eid I. Ibrahim, Mostafa A. Abdel-Maksoud, Altaf Ahmad
Summary: Vitamin E, with alpha-tocopherol as its most superior form, plays a significant role in living organisms. The deficiency of alpha-tocopherol can lead to severe consequences, prompting researchers to develop a nanosensor called FLIP-alpha to monitor its flux in living cells, showing high specificity and biocompatibility.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Javier Avila-Roman, Sara Garcia-Gil, Azahara Rodriguez-Luna, Virginia Motilva, Elena Talero
Summary: Acute inflammation is a key part of the immune system's response, but uncontrolled acute inflammation may lead to chronic inflammation and the development of diseases like cancer. Microalgal carotenoids are considered rich sources of bioactive molecules, with beneficial effects for health, including anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Amir Mosayyeb Zadeh, Seyyed Ali Mirghelenj, Peyman Hasanlou, Hossein Shakouri Alishah
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of turmeric powder supplementation on laying hens' performance, blood biochemical parameters and egg quality parameters. The results showed that turmeric powder supplementation significantly reduced egg production, weight and mass, and increased feed conversion ratio. Additionally, it affected the yolk percentage, height, index, color, and the egg-shell percentage.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
X. L. Chen, Y. B. Zeng, L. X. Liu, Q. L. Song, Z. H. Zou, Q. P. Wei, W. J. Song
Summary: This study found that dietary addition of chromium propionate can improve the laying rate and yolk color score of laying ducks, as well as reduce the feed/egg ratio. Moreover, high doses of chromium propionate increased albumen height and the Haugh unit, decreased serum cortisol and heat shock protein-70, increased serum insulin and total protein, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hui Chen, David Van Reyk, Annabel Oliveira, Yik Lung Chan, Stephanie E. L. Town, Benjamin Rayner, Carol A. Pollock, Sonia Saad, Jacob George, Matthew P. Padula, Brian G. Oliver
Summary: Maternal exposure to low levels of PM2.5 has negative effects on liver health and metabolism in offspring, with more severe impacts on females. Removing PM2.5 during gestation provides limited protection in offspring's metabolism.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Georgios A. Papadopoulos, Styliani Lioliopoulou, Nikolaos Nenadis, Ioannis Panitsidis, Ioanna Pyrka, Aggeliki G. Kalogeropoulou, George K. Symeon, Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis, Panagiotis Stathopoulos, Ioanna Stylianaki, Dimitrios Galamatis, Anatoli Petridou, Georgios Arsenos, Ilias Giannenas
Summary: The effects of olive leaf extract on laying hens were evaluated in this study. The results showed that supplementing 1% olive leaf extract in the diet improved egg quality attributes and enhanced antioxidant capacity. Additionally, T2 group had significantly higher eggshell weight and thickness.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Vincenzo Tufarelli, Payam Baghban-Kanani, Saba Azimi-Youvalari, Babak Hosseintabar-Ghasemabad, Marina Slozhenkina, Ivan Gorlov, Alireza Seidavi, Tugay Ayasan, Vito Laudadio
Summary: The study found that supplementing laying hens' diet with horsetail and spirulina did not have a detrimental effect on productive parameters. Spirulina was more effective in improving blood traits and oxidative status of the laying hens.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paulo H. C. Mesquita, Donald A. Lamb, Joshua S. Godwin, Shelby C. Osburn, Bradley A. Ruple, Johnathon H. Moore, Christopher G. Vann, Kevin W. Huggins, Andrew D. Fruge, Kaelin C. Young, Andreas N. Kavazis, Michael D. Roberts
Summary: The study found that 6 weeks of resistance training reduced oxidative damage and increased antioxidant enzyme activities in skeletal muscle of older adults. The responses of older adults to resistance training involve multi-level control (transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational) of the redox status of skeletal muscle.
Article
Psychiatry
Gianluca Pandolfo, Giovanni Genovese, Antonio Bruno, Domenica Campolo, Valeria Tigano, Mariateresa Cristani, Marco Casciaro, Giovanni Pioggia, Sebastiano Gangemi
Summary: The pathophysiology of schizophrenia is still not well understood. Genetic factors and oxidative stress play key roles in its development and progression. Oxidative stress leads to the continuous production of oxidation products, such as AGEs and AOPPs, which interact with their receptors, amplifying the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this study, plasma levels of AGEs and AOPPs were found to be significantly higher in schizophrenia patients compared to controls, confirming their involvement in mental disorders. Antioxidant nutraceuticals and a healthy lifestyle could reduce oxidative stress and alleviate schizophrenia symptoms.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Hiba N. Rajha, Armelle Paule, Gerard Aragones, Mariana Barbosa, Carla Caddeo, Esperance Debs, Rada Dinkova, Gunter P. Eckert, Ariel Fontana, Prisca Gebrayel, Richard G. Maroun, Alessandra Napolitano, Lucia Panzella, Giulio Maria Pasinetti, Jan F. Stevens, Andreas Schieber, Marvin Edeas
Summary: Polyphenols have attracted researchers from various disciplines due to their diverse biological activities. The latest scientific research has focused on polyphenol interactions with the microbiome and mitochondria, as well as their potential applications in cosmetics, dietary supplements, and functional foods. Polyphenols may play a key role in disease prevention and have promising prospects in future food and nutrition.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sen-Yuan Hong, Bao-Long Qin
Summary: Urolithiasis is a common urological disease with increasing prevalence and high recurrence rates worldwide. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress (OS) play crucial roles in stone formation. Dietary polyphenols, which are natural antioxidant compounds found in plant-based foods and beverages, have been shown to be effective in preventing and treating stone formation. This review discusses the antioxidant potential of polyphenols and their mechanisms in ameliorating oxidative stress and preventing stone formation. Dietary polyphenols offer promising applications in the treatment and prevention of urolithiasis.
Article
Zoology
Alessandra Costanzo, Roberto Ambrosini, Marco Parolini, Manuela Caprioli, Simona Secomandi, Diego Rubolini, Leonida Fusani, Virginie Canoine
Summary: The study found that there was no significant change in adult erythrocyte telomere length between consecutive breeding seasons in barn swallows. Second-year individuals showed the highest increase in circulating CORT concentrations following restraint, and female stress response declined during the breeding season. Additionally, telomere shortening was associated with the stress response, suggesting that individual variation in stress response may affect telomere dynamics.
Article
Zoology
Piotr Matyjasiak, Cosme Lopez-Calderon, Roberto Ambrosini, Javier Balbontin, Alessandra Costanzo, Yosef Kiat, Andrea Romano, Diego Rubolini
Summary: This study found that Eurasian barn swallows with longer migration distances have longer and more pointed wings, which favor energetically efficient flight.
Article
Zoology
Camilla Soravia, Angelo Bisazza, Jacopo G. Cecere, Diego Rubolini
Summary: The costs and benefits of brain lateralization may be influenced by environmental conditions. This study investigated the effects of early food availability on lateralization in a population of lesser kestrels. The results showed that extra food provisioning improved nestling growth but did not significantly affect the strength or direction of nestling lateralization. Additionally, the direction of lateralization differed between male and female nestlings.
Article
Parasitology
Irene Arnoldi, Agata Negri, Laura Soresinetti, Mattia Brambilla, Davide Carraretto, Fabrizio Montarsi, Paolo Roberto, Andrea Mosca, Diego Rubolini, Claudio Bandi, Sara Epis, Paolo Gabrieli
Summary: In this study, the presence of invasive mosquito species, Aedes koreicus and Aedes japonicus japonicus, was surveyed in four regions of Northern Italy. The results revealed a widespread presence of Ae. koreicus in pre-Alpine territories of Lombardy and Piedmont, while the invasive subspecies of Ae. j. japonicus larvae were also found in the same areas, albeit less frequent. The study suggests that peri-urban areas near forests, pastures, and vineyards are highly suitable for colonization by Ae. koreicus mosquitoes, and there are potentially suitable areas in currently uncolonized countries. These findings indicate the potential for a broad expansion of this invasive mosquito species at the European level in the coming decades.
Review
Ecology
Andrea Romano, Laszlo Zsolt Garamszegi, Diego Rubolini, Roberto Ambrosini
Summary: A comprehensive meta-analysis of avian phenological responses to climate change revealed that prebreeding migration and breeding have been advancing by 2-3 days per decade, while timing of postbreeding migration has remained relatively stable. The extent of advancement varied based on migratory behavior, diet specialization, body size, and hemisphere. The study highlights the importance of considering specific life-history and ecological traits in understanding avian responses to climate change.
ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS
(2023)
Review
Biology
Louis-Stephane Le Clercq, Gaia Bazzi, Jacopo G. Cecere, Luca Gianfranceschi, Johannes Paul Grobler, Antoinette Kotze, Diego Rubolini, Miriam Liedvogel, Desire Lee Dalton
Summary: Timing is crucial for survival and reproduction in seasonal environments. Birds may use circadian clock genes, such as Clock and Adcyap1, to track time and anticipate seasonal changes. This study found a tentative association between Clock gene variation and autumn migration, and Adcyap1 gene variation and spring migration in migratory birds. These candidate genes are not diagnostic markers for distinguishing migratory from sedentary birds, and their variability may be influenced by ancestral inheritance rather than contemporary selection.
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Francesca Pittino, Jakub Buda, Roberto Ambrosini, Marco Parolini, Arianna Crosta, Krzysztof Zawierucha, Andrea Franzetti
Summary: Glaciers are ecosystems that contain active biological communities. They act as condensers where pollutants are deposited due to high precipitation rates and cold temperatures. This review aims to provide an overview of the studies on the effects of pollutants on glacier ecosystems, particularly the supraglacial ecosystem. Despite discussions on the distribution of pollutants in glacier environments, no review paper has summarized the current knowledge on the effects of these substances on the ecological communities living in glaciers.
CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Marco Parolini, Matteo Stucchi, Roberto Ambrosini, Andrea Romano
Summary: Microplastic (MP) contamination in marine ecosystems is a global environmental concern. This systematic review summarizes extensive research on the bioaccumulation of MPs in marine organisms, revealing that MP body burden varies significantly among trophic levels and taxonomic groups, but not geographically or temporally. While all marine organisms can ingest and accumulate MPs, the wide variability in body burden prevents the identification of global contamination patterns.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Niccolo Fattorini, Alessandra Costanzo, Andrea Romano, Diego Rubolini, Stephen Baillie, Franz Bairlein, Fernando Spina, Roberto Ambrosini
Summary: Migratory connectivity in birds is influenced by geographical proxies of migration costs, with weak effects from biological traits and phylogeny. The variability in avian migration strategies leads to significant connectivity between distinct migratory populations. Understanding the determinants of migratory connectivity can enhance conservation and management strategies for avian migrants.
Article
Ecology
Jennifer Morinay, Louise Riotte-Lambert, Geert Aarts, Federico De Pascalis, Simona Imperio, Michelangelo Morganti, Carlo Catoni, Giacomo Assandri, Samuele Ramellini, Diego Rubolini, Jacopo G. Cecere
Summary: Spatial segregation of foraging areas among individuals breeding in the same colony has been observed, and this study suggests that such segregation may not necessarily involve social information sharing. Personal information and memory could be sufficient to explain the observed spatial segregation of foraging areas within colonies.
Article
Microbiology
Francesca Pittino, Krzysztof Zawierucha, Ewa Poniecka, Jakub Buda, Asia Rosatelli, Simone Zordan, Roberto S. Azzoni, Guglielmina Diolaiuti, Roberto Ambrosini, Andrea Franzetti
Summary: Recent evidence has revealed the presence of a potential niche for anaerobic microorganisms and processes in supraglacial sediments. This study used rRNA and mRNA sequencing to demonstrate that anaerobes are actively involved in these environments and play a significant role in ecosystem functions.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ilaria Varotto-Boccazzi, Sara Epis, Giulia Maria Cattaneo, Noemi Guerrini, Alessandro Manenti, Diego Rubolini, Paolo Gabrieli, Domenico Otranto, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti, Emanuele Montomoli, Claudio Bandi
Summary: The mucosal immune system is crucial for combatting infections and can serve as the first line of defense against various pathogens. Mucosal vaccination has shown promise in protecting against infections acquired through ingestion, inhalation, or the urogenital system, and can also induce systemic immune responses. This study investigated rectal administration of Leishmania parasites as a potential method for generating anti-Leishmania immunity, demonstrating a specific antibody response and a shift towards a Th1-biased immune response. These findings suggest the development of novel vaccines based on rectal immunization against Leishmania parasites should be further explored.
TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Louis-Stephane Le Clercq, Gaia Bazzi, Joan Ferrer Obiol, Jacopo G. Cecere, Luca Gianfranceschi, J. Paul Grobler, Antoinette Kotze, Marta Riutort Leon, Jacob Gonzalez-Solis, Diego Rubolini, Miriam Liedvogel, Desire Lee Dalton
Summary: Birds in seasonal habitats rely on complex strategies for optimal timing of migrations, which are influenced by genetic factors and environmental cues. This study provides a systematic review and phylogenetic reanalysis to clarify the evidence and improves our understanding of the genetic basis of seasonal bird migrations.