Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kean Poon, Mimi S. H. Ho, Li-Chih Wang
Summary: The study found that children with ADHD-I and/or RD exhibit diverse cognitive profiles, with RD associated with verbal and visual-spatial working memory deficits, while ADHD-I was associated with behavioral working memory deficits. The comorbid condition demonstrated additive deficits of the two disorders but with greater deficits in behavioral working memory. These results support the cognitive subtype hypothesis, providing insight into the distinctive working memory profiles of different groups and guiding the development of future intervention programs.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raly James Perez Custodio, Mikyung Kim, Young-Chul Chung, Bung-Nyun Kim, Hee Jin Kim, Jae Hoon Cheong
Summary: There are three presentations of ADHD: predominantly inattention (ADHD-PI), predominantly hyperactive-impulsive (ADHD-HI), and combined (ADHD-C). Animal models of ADHD demonstrate validity in reproducing symptoms, etiology, biochemistry, and treatment. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR/NCrl) fulfill validation criteria and compare well with clinical cases of ADHD-C. The review explores a potential animal model, Thrsp gene, for studying the ADHD-PI presentation.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Luise Kazda, Kevin McGeechan, Katy Bell, Rae Thomas, Alexandra Barratt
Summary: The study compared ADHD diagnoses with behaviors in Australian children, finding that while ADHD diagnoses increased, the behaviors remained steady. A quarter of diagnosed children had behaviors within the normal range, indicating potential overdiagnosis of ADHD. Children born in a later cohort were more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD, regardless of their behaviors.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacqueline F. Saad, Kristi R. Griffiths, Michael R. Kohn, Taylor A. Braund, Simon Clarke, Leanne M. Williams, Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar
Summary: Despite using various neuroimaging techniques, this study did not find significant differences in white matter between different types of ADHD or relative to neurotypical controls, suggesting a similarity in neuroanatomical organization at the structural level between ADHD subtypes.
Article
Psychiatry
Simon Maier, Alexandra Philipsen, Evgeniy Perlov, Kimon Runge, Swantje Matthies, Dieter Ebert, Dominique Endres, Katharina Domschke, Ludger Tebartz van Elst, Kathrin Nickel
Summary: This study explored neuroimaging in adult patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The analysis of surface parameters did not reveal significant differences in cortical thickness, gyrification index, sulcal depth, or fractal dimension between ADHD patients and healthy controls. However, when comparing different subtypes of ADHD, significant thinning of the left anterior insular cortex was observed in the combined subtype.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luis M. Garcia-Marin, Adrian Campos, Gabriel Cuellar-Partida, Sarah E. Medland, Scott H. Kollins, Miguel E. Renteria
Summary: ADHD is a complex psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorder that develops during childhood and spans into adulthood. Research findings indicate that genetic variants associated with iron deficiency anemia, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other factors increase the risk of developing ADHD in children, while genetic factors related to social support and interactive activities have a protective effect against ADHD.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Javier C. Vazquez, Ona Martin de la Torre, Judit Lopez Palome, Diego Redolar-Ripoll
Summary: Research has shown that caffeine treatment can increase attention and improve learning, memory, and olfactory discrimination without affecting blood pressure and body weight. However, the role of caffeine in modulating ADHD-like symptoms is contradictory, requiring further clarification.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Min-Jing Lee, Hsin-Chih Lai, Yu-Lun Kuo, Vincent Chin-Hung Chen
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between gut microbiome and emotional-behavioral symptoms in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The results showed that children with ADHD had lower diversity in their gut microbiota compared to the healthy control group. Certain bacteria phylotypes were found to be significantly associated with emotional-behavioral symptoms in children with ADHD. However, further research is needed to understand the exact mechanisms underlying the role of gut microbiota in ADHD pathophysiology.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Elinor Eskilsson Stralin, Lisa B. Thorell, Katharina Szybek, Tobias Lundgren, Sven Bolte, Benjamin Bohman
Summary: The study evaluated a new group-based cognitive-behavioral therapy protocol for adults with predominantly inattentive ADHD. Feasibility and preliminary effects were explored, showing reductions in inattentive symptoms and depression, as well as an increase in mindfulness meditation, indicating the potential value of the treatment. Further evaluation and participant retention in randomized controlled trials are needed.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Feng-Hua Wang, Li-Yan Sun, Xiao-Mei Cui, He-Dan Zhao, Ling-Fei Yang, Zheng Wang, Tong-Kun Shi
Summary: This study evaluated and compared the effects of different structural patterns of EEG neurofeedback on ADHD-PI and ADHD-CT. The results showed that three courses of EEG neurofeedback were effective for both ADHD-PI and ADHD-CT.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ran Chen, Yun Jiao, Jun-Sa Zhu, Xun-Heng Wang
Summary: This study examines the characteristics and commonalities of spontaneous brain activity in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and investigates its relationship with frequency. The results indicate differences in brain region concordance among different subtypes of ADHD and a negative correlation between voxel-wise concordance and diagnostic scores for ADHD subtypes. The study suggests that dynamic concordance analysis based on specific frequency bands may provide a new approach for studying the pathophysiological differences among ADHD subtypes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ditte Demontis, G. Bragi Walters, Georgios Athanasiadis, Raymond Walters, Karen Therrien, Trine Tollerup Nielsen, Leila Farajzadeh, Georgios Voloudakis, Jaroslav Bendl, Biau Zeng, Wen Zhang, Jakob Grove, Thomas D. Als, Jinjie Duan, F. Kyle Satterstrom, Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm, Marie Baekved-Hansen, Olafur O. Gudmundsson, Sigurdur H. Magnusson, Gisli Baldursson, Katrin Davidsdottir, Gyda S. Haraldsdottir, Esben Agerbo, Gabriel E. Hoffman, Soren Dalsgaard, Joanna Martin, Marta Ribases, Dorret Boomsma, Maria Soler Artigas, Nina Roth Mota, Daniel Howrigan, Sarah E. Medland, Tetyana Zayats, Veera M. Rajagopal, Merete Nordentoft, Ole Mors, David M. Hougaard, Preben Bo Mortensen, Mark J. Daly, Stephen Faraone, Hreinn Stefansson, Panos Roussos, Barbara Franke, Thomas Werge, Benjamin M. Neale, Kari Stefansson, Anders D. Borglum
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies on ADHD and identified 27 significant genetic loci associated with ADHD. They also found that these loci were enriched with genes involved in early brain development. Moreover, they discovered an increased load of rare protein-truncating variants in ADHD, implicating SORCS3 as a potential gene involved in ADHD.
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Soler Artigas, Cristina Sanchez-Mora, Paula Rovira, Vanesa Richarte, Iris Garcia-Martinez, Mireia Pagerols, Ditte Demontis, Sven Stringer, Jacqueline M. Vink, Anders D. Borglum, Benjamin M. Neale, Barbara Franke, Stephen V. Faraone, Miguel Casas, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Marta Ribases
Summary: A correction to the paper has been published.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Morgan M. Grotewiel, Megan E. Crenshaw, Amelia Dorsey, Elizabeth Street
Summary: Hyperfocus and flow are intense concentration experiences associated with reduced perception of irrelevant stimuli and improved task performance. Hyperfocus has been historically seen as a symptom of ADHD, autism, or schizophrenia, while flow is regarded as an enjoyable experience in positive psychology. Recent studies suggest that hyperfocus and flow may be the same phenomenon viewed from different perspectives.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Thalida E. Arpawong, Eric T. Klopack, Jung Ki Kim, Eileen M. Crimmins
Summary: This study examined the association between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) genetic burden and an epigenetic biomarker of accelerated aging and earlier mortality. The results showed that the ADHD genetic burden was directly associated with the epigenetic biomarker, and this association was partially mediated by smoking, depressive symptoms, and education. Education played a central role in attenuating the negative effects of behavioral and sociodemographic risk factors on epigenetic aging.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Ann C. Childress, Henry C. Foehl, Jeffrey H. Newcorn, Stephen Faraone, Benjamin Levinson, Akwete L. Adjei
Summary: The study on the long-term safety and symptom control of extended-release methylphenidate in children aged 4 to <6 years showed that most treatment-emergent adverse events were of mild or moderate severity, weight and height z scores as well as obesity rates decreased significantly, with insomnia reported in 9% and hypertension in 6.7%, while ADHD symptom control was maintained.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephen Faraone, Jeffrey H. Newcorn, Andrea Cipriani, Daniel Brandeis, Anna Kaiser, Sarah Hohmann, Alexander Haege, Samuele Cortese
Summary: The study analyzed the placebo and nocebo effects in ADHD medications, finding significant impact of placebo effects on efficacy and negative effects on tolerability. It also discovered a positive correlation between baseline to endpoint placebo effects and drug effects.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Corentin J. Gosling, Samuele Cortese, Eric Konofal, Michel Lecendreux, Stephen V. Faraone
Summary: This study examined the association between sleep disturbances and ADHD symptoms over a 9-year period, finding that sleep disturbances at age 13 predicted increased ADHD symptoms at age 18, while ADHD symptoms at age 9 predicted increased sleep disturbances at age 13. The findings highlight the importance of identifying these issues for preventive interventions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessio Bellato, John Perna, Preethi S. Ganapathy, Marco Solmi, Andrea Zampieri, Samuele Cortese, Stephen Faraone
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and eye disorders as well as altered visual function. The findings suggest that ADHD is associated with an increased risk of certain vision problems and visual function impairments, but not with structural changes in the eye.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Kathleen P. Heslin, Aminat Haruna, Regina A. George, Shiyu Chen, Ishak Nobel, Kathryn B. Anderson, Stephen Faraone, Yanli Zhang-James
Summary: ADHD patients have a higher risk of COVID-19, but may reduce the risk of severe outcomes. The use of ADHD medications has a modest impact on COVID-19 risk.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Yanli Zhang-James, Ali Shervin Razavi, Martine Hoogman, Barbara Franke, Stephen V. Faraone
Summary: This systematic review examines the literature on the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based diagnostic classifiers for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using machine learning (ML). It found variations in MRI modalities, ML models, cross-validation and testing methods, and sample sizes among the studies. The review also highlights the importance of large multi-modal imaging datasets and the potential combination with other types of data to develop clinically useful imaging classification tools for ADHD in the future.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miguel Garcia-Argibay, Yanli Zhang-James, Samuele Cortese, Paul Lichtenstein, Henrik Larsson, Stephen V. V. Faraone
Summary: This study examined the use of different machine learning techniques to assess the feasibility of using registry data for diagnosing ADHD in children and adolescents in Sweden. The findings showed that a DNN model achieved good predictive ability for ADHD and identified several important features for classification. If validated and proven to be cost-effective in external samples, this model could potentially serve as a useful tool in clinical practice to aid in ADHD screening and decision-making.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Biographical-Item
Neurosciences
Stephen V. Faraone
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Nevena V. Radonjic, Alessio Bellato, Nayla M. Khoury, Samuele Cortese, Stephen V. Faraone
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy, acceptability, and tolerability of nonstimulants in adults with ADHD. The results showed that atomoxetine, guanfacine, and viloxazine ER were significantly more effective than placebo in treating ADHD. However, atomoxetine had poorer tolerability compared to placebo.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Elisabeth F. Callen, Tarin L. Clay, Jillian Alai, David W. Goodman, Lenard A. Adler, Joel Shields, Stephen V. Faraone
Summary: This study aimed to assess the changes in quality care for adults with ADHD from 2010 to 2020. The results showed an increase in the achievement of quality measures over time, but none of the patients achieved more than six out of ten measures in any year. Small but significant effects were observed for sex, race, ethnicity, practice ownership, practice type, and age.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ali Zare Dehnavi, Yanli Zhang-James, Dan Draytsel, Ben Carguello, Stephen V. Faraone, Ruth S. Weinstock
Summary: This study found that approximately 49.2% of adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) met the diagnostic criteria for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, there was no direct association between these symptoms and cardiovascular diseases or diabetic control. Further research is needed to clarify the relationship between ADHD symptoms, diabetic control, and comorbidities.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Ankita Saxena, Catharina A. Hartman, Steven D. Blatt, Wanda P. Fremont, Stephen J. Glatt, Stephen V. Faraone, Yanli Zhang-James
Summary: This study evaluated the association between reward functioning and general or specific psychopathologies. The findings suggest that reward dysfunction is significantly associated with both general and specific psychopathologies.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John Perna, Alessio Bellato, Preethi S. Ganapathy, Marco Solmi, Andrea Zampieri, Stephen V. Faraone, Samuele Cortese
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between vision and/or eye disorders and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The findings suggest that ASD is associated with functional vision problems and structural alterations of the eye. However, further research is needed to clarify the causal relationship between ASD and vision problems.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John Perna, Alessio Bellato, Preethi S. Ganapathy, Marco Solmi, Andrea Zampieri, Stephen V. Faraone, Samuele Cortese
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lisa O'Connor, Stephanie Carbone, Anthony Gobbo, Hilary Gamble, Stephen Faraone
Summary: This article provides an overview of pharmacological treatment options for pediatric attention-deficit disorder (ADHD), including stimulant and non-stimulant medications. It offers detailed information on new medication options, such as anesthetic agents, extended-release forms, and novel adjunctive medications. These additions are beneficial for clinicians in their treatment toolbox.
EXPERT REVIEW OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)