Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ruiqin Zhang, Qiang Shen, Yueping Wang, Xue Deng, Jialing Fan, Xiaofan Gu, Meng Fan, Kun Wei, Chun-Ru Cheng, Wei-Dong Zhang, Xiong-wen Zhang, Xuan Liu
Summary: CYA alleviates cancer cachexia muscle atrophy by inhibiting UPS degradation and autophagy. The protective effects of CYA on muscle atrophy may be attributed to its binding with TAOK1 and inhibiting the TAOK1/p38-MAPK/FoxO3 pathway.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mingming Tong, Toshiro Saito, Peiyong Zhai, Shin-Ichi Oka, Wataru Mizushima, Michinari Nakamura, Shohei Ikeda, Akihiro Shirakabe, Junichi Sadoshima
Summary: The study found that during the chronic phase of obesity-associated cardiomyopathy, mitophagy is activated even after conventional autophagy is downregulated, serving as an essential mitochondrial quality control mechanism to protect the heart.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Weiwei Zha, Yuanhai Sun, Wenwen Gong, Linghuan Li, Wonnam Kim, Hanbing Li
Summary: Sarcopenia is a progressive syndrome that affects the skeletal muscle mass and strength, leading to a decline in patients' quality of life and an increased risk of falls and fractures, especially among the elderly. With the aging population and the rise of chronic diseases, sarcopenia has become more prevalent and complicated. This article summarizes the impacts of ginseng extracts and active ingredients on sarcopenia and analyzes the associated signaling pathways, providing a reference for future research on the potential therapeutic application of ginseng and ginsenosides.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Derek W. Stouth, Tiffany L. Vanlieshout, Andrew I. Mikhail, Sean Y. Ng, Rozhin Raziee, Brittany A. Edgett, Goutham Vasam, Erin K. Webb, Kevin S. Gilotra, Matthew Markou, Hannah C. Pineda, Brianna G. Bettencourt-Mora, Haleema Noor, Zachary Moll, Megan E. Bittner, Brendon J. Gurd, Keir J. Menzies, Vladimir Ljubicic
Summary: CARM1 is a crucial regulator of skeletal muscle biology, controlling muscle mass and autophagy process. Loss of carm1 leads to decreased muscle mass, reduced autophagy flux, and impaired mitochondrial turnover.
Article
Cell Biology
Sylwia M. Kacprzak, Olivier Van Aken
Summary: This study reveals that carbon starvation induced by dark-incubation, natural senescence, and specific mitochondrial stresses are key triggers of mitophagy in plants.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dina Aweida, Shenhav Cohen
Summary: Protein degradation is essential for cellular integrity, with autophagy and the UPS being the main systems responsible for protein breakdown. Recent studies show that even complex protein structures can be efficiently degraded in vivo, with AAA-ATPases playing a crucial role in the disassembly process.
Review
Cell Biology
Cheng-long Zhu, Ren-qi Yao, Lu-xi Li, Peng Li, Jian Xie, Jia-feng Wang, Xiao-ming Deng
Summary: Autophagy plays a vital role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by clearing damaged mitochondria to promote mitochondrial quality control and protect against organ dysfunction in sepsis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lauren H. Fairley, Imane Lejri, Amandine Grimm, Anne Eckert
Summary: Abnormal tau build-up is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with tau pathology. This study investigated the effects of spermidine, a neuroprotective polyamine, on mitochondrial function in a cellular model of tauopathy. The results showed that spermidine improved mitochondrial function and restored tau-induced impairments in mitophagy, suggesting that spermidine supplementation might be a potential therapeutic approach for tau-related mitochondrial impairments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vaninad Romanello, Marco Sandri
Summary: Maintaining the function of mitochondria in skeletal muscle requires dynamic coordination of processes controlling mitochondrial network quality, which in turn affects muscle mass and performance. Loss of muscle mass increases the risk of disease onset and premature death, with exercise being the best approach to improve mitochondrial health and slow atrophy in various diseases.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Huan Wang, Busu Li, Jiefeng Li, Chen Jiang, Shufang Liu, Zhimeng Zhuang
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the molecular composition and regulatory mechanisms of fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscles in fish. The results reveal that myofibrillary structure and energy metabolism are the main differences between the two muscle types. The integrative analysis of protein and RNA data highlights the complex regulation at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. The study also identifies specific proteins and genes that play important roles in the differences between muscle types.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sylwia M. Kacprzak, Olivier Van Aken
Summary: Mitochondria play vital roles in plant metabolism and stress responses. Quality control systems, including mitophagy, are important for maintaining a healthy mitochondrial pool. The 'Friendly Mitochondria' protein (FMT) has been identified as a crucial player in mitophagy during dark-induced senescence in Arabidopsis.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joshua C. Drake, Rebecca J. Wilson, Rhianna C. Laker, Yuntian Guan, Hannah R. Spaulding, Anna S. Nichenko, Wenqing Shen, Huayu Shang, Maya Dorn, Kian Huang, Mei Zhang, Aloka B. Bandara, Matthew H. Brisendine, Jennifer A. Kashatus, Poonam R. Sharma, Alexander Young, Jitendra Gautam, Ruofan Cao, Horst Wallrabe, Paul A. Chang, Michael Wong, Eric M. Desjardins, Simon A. Hawley, George J. Christ, David F. Kashatus, Clint L. Miller, Matthew J. Wolf, Ammasi Periasamy, Gregory R. Steinberg, D. Grahame Hardie, Zhen Yan
Summary: Mitochondria form a complex, interconnected reticulum maintained through coordination among biogenesis, dynamic fission, fusion and mitophagy in response to various cues. Specific isoforms of AMP-activated protein kinase are localized on the outer mitochondrial membrane and vary in activation across the reticulum in response to energetic stress. The discovery highlights the complexity of sensing cellular energetics in vivo and its implications for targeting mitochondrial energetics in disease treatment.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Hector G. G. Paez, Christopher R. R. Pitzer, Stephen E. E. Alway
Summary: Sarcopenia is a skeletal muscle disease characterized by deficits in muscle strength, mass, quality, and metabolic health, which worsens with age. The causes of sarcopenia are complex and involve a combination of environmental factors and intrinsic age-related changes. Loss of muscle quality, rather than just muscle mass, is the primary defect with advanced age. Dysregulation of proteostasis, an important cellular quality control mechanism, is a significant contributor to age-associated declines in muscle quality, function, and mass. Inhibition of the mTORC1 pathway and caloric restriction show promise in improving muscle quality in aged animals, but further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms involved.
Article
Cell Biology
Johanna Abrigo, Francisco Gonzalez, Francisco Aguirre, Franco Tacchi, Andrea Gonzalez, Maria Paz Meza, Felipe Simon, Daniel Cabrera, Marco Arrese, Saul Karpen, Claudio Cabello-Verrugio
Summary: This study investigated the impact of bile acids on skeletal muscle atrophy and found that bile acids induce protein degradation and muscle wasting through the TGR5 receptor. The role of TGR5 in muscles plays a significant role in the process of muscle atrophy.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Singareddy Sreenivasa Reddy, Utkarsh Reddy Addi, Raghu Pullakhandam, G. Bhanuprakash Reddy
Summary: The study found that zinc deficiency affects skeletal muscle proteostasis and mitochondrial biology in growing rats, leading to decreased cell size and increased cell death. It also activates the ubiquitin-proteasome system, declines autophagy, and affects mitochondrial fission, fusion, transcription, and oxidative phosphorylation components.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mayuko Ogawa, Genko Oyama, Satoko Sekimoto, Taku Hatano, Nobutaka Hattori
Summary: In a specific cohort in Japan, patients with Parkinson's disease and their caregivers were mostly satisfied with the telemedicine service, finding it effective in reducing travel burden.
JOURNAL OF MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Hikaru Kamo, Genko Oyama, Kenya Nishioka, Manabu Funayama, Nobutaka Hattori
MOVEMENT DISORDERS CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Sang-Won Park, Pureum Jeon, Akinori Yamasaki, Hye Eun Lee, Haneul Choi, Ji Young Mun, Yong-Woo Jun, Ju-Hui Park, Seung-Hwan Lee, Soo-Kyeong Lee, You-Kyung Lee, Hyun Kyu Song, Michael Lazarou, Dong-Hyong Cho, Masaaki Komatsu, Nobuo N. Noda, Deok-Jin Jang, Jin-A Lee
Summary: This study identified the selective interactions of various membrane-anchored mATG8 proteins in mammals and developed tools to regulate the autophagy of disease-related protein aggregates. This has significant implications for understanding the functional roles of mATG8 proteins on autophagic membranes in autophagy research.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tatou Iseki, Yuzuru Imai, Nobutaka Hattori
Summary: Leucine rich-repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is the most well-known genetic cause of familial Parkinson's disease (PD). Its functions and relationship to the pathogenesis of PD are not fully understood. Recent studies have suggested that LRRK2 plays a role in glial cell dysfunction and neurodegeneration, particularly in lysosomal dynamics and inflammation. This review discusses the proposed functions of LRRK2 in glial cells and its involvement in the pathomechanisms of PD.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nobutaka Hattori, Yoshiko Okada, Yayoi Kawata, Yoshihiko Furusawa, Takumi Imai, Hisako Yoshida, Mihoko Ota, Masaki Arai, Ayumi Shintani, Jovelle Fernandez
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with Parkinson's disease and their caregivers in Japan. The results showed that over 40% of patients reduced their frequency of going out, approximately 7-30% experienced worsened symptoms, and caregivers reported increased burden. The findings suggest the importance of providing support to patients and caregivers during infectious disease epidemics to alleviate their burden.
PATIENT PREFERENCE AND ADHERENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuri Yamashita, Satoshi Nakada, Kyoko Nakamura, Hidetoshi Sakurai, Kinji Ohno, Tomohide Goto, Yo Mabuchi, Chihiro Akazawa, Nobutaka Hattori, Eri Arikawa-Hirasawa
Summary: Schwartz-Jampel syndrome (SJS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by myotonia. In this study, a cellular model of SJS was created using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells, which showed hyper-responsiveness to acetylcholine. These findings confirmed the use of cellular models in studying SJS and evaluating myotonia in clinical cases.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Nobutaka Hattori
NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Reo Kurusu, Hideaki Morishita, Masaaki Komatsu
Summary: SQSTM1/p62 bodies are phase-separated condensates that play a crucial role in intracellular quality control and stress responses. A recent study discovered a novel substrate for selective autophagy called vault, which directly binds to NBR1 and is degraded by selective autophagy dependent on the phase separation of SQSTM1/p62. This process, named vault-phagy, is related to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-derived hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christina Andica, Koji Kamagata, Wataru Uchida, Yuya Saito, Kaito Takabayashi, Akifumi Hagiwara, Haruka Takeshige-Amano, Taku Hatano, Nobutaka Hattori, Shigeki Aoki
Summary: This study compared the white matter differences between nonmedicated patients with early-stage GBA-PD and iPD using a novel technique, fixel-based analysis. The results showed that patients with GBA-PD had lower white matter density, while patients with iPD had larger white matter fiber bundles. These findings may be related to neurodegenerative diseases, α-synuclein accumulation, and cognitive and motor impairments.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryosuke Ishimura, Sota Ito, Gaoxin Mao, Satoko Komatsu-Hirota, Toshifumi Inada, Nobuo N. Noda, Masaaki Komatsu
Summary: Research has shown that UFM1 plays a role in processes such as endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation, ribosome-associated protein quality control, and ER-phagy, and the UFM1 E3 complex is involved in both ufmylation and ER-RQC.
Article
Neurosciences
Amica C. Mueller-Nedebock, Marieke C. J. Dekker, Matthew J. Farrer, Nobutaka Hattori, Shen-Yang Lim, George D. Mellick, Irena Rektorova, Mohamed Salama, Artur F. S. Schuh, A. Jon Stoessl, Carolyn M. Sue, Ai Huey Tan, Rene L. Vidal, Christine Klein, Soraya Bardien
Summary: The biological basis of Parkinson's disease, a neurodegenerative movement disorder, is still unclear despite being discovered over 200 years ago. This article summarizes the viewpoints of PD experts on the different theories regarding its pathobiology.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Wataru Sako, Yuki Kogo, Michinori Koebis, Yoshiaki Kita, Hajime Yamakage, Takayuki Ishida, Nobutaka Hattori
Summary: This study compared the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of different classes of anti-PD drugs in patients with fluctuating PD who were receiving levodopa. The results showed that ropinirole, pramipexole, and safinamide are well-balanced anti-PD drugs that have both good efficacy and tolerability.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Davide Cossu, Yuji Tomizawa, Kazumasa Yokoyama, Tamami Sakanishi, Eiichi Momotani, Leonardo A. Sechi, Nobutaka Hattori
Summary: The study analyzed the levels of different IgG subclasses in the blood of Japanese and Italian individuals with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) in response to MAP-derived peptides. The study also examined the effects of MAP peptides on MOG-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice. The results suggest a potential link between MAP and the development or exacerbation of MS, particularly in individuals with elevated serum IgG4 levels.
Article
Microbiology
Michitaka Suzuki, Tomoko Funakoshi, Keigo Kumagai, Masaaki Komatsu, Satoshi Waguri
Summary: Chlamydia trachomatis infection can be regulated by autophagy-related (ATG) genes. Depletion of ATG9A suppressed C. trachomatis growth in HeLa cells, and this growth was restored by re-expressing ATG9A or an ATG9A mutant. The depletion of lipid transfer proteins ATG2A/B did not significantly alter the growth, highlighting the non-autophagic function of ATG9A in supporting C. trachomatis infection. Re-expression of a mutant lacking an N-terminal adapter protein-binding domain did not rescue C. trachomatis growth, emphasizing the importance of this domain. These findings suggest that the proper trafficking of ATG9A assists C. trachomatis growth in the inclusion.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Reo Kurusu, Hideaki Morishita, Masaaki Komatsu
Summary: Cellular zoning and the formation of membraneless organelles play crucial roles in regulating biochemical reactions inside cells, with p62 bodies maintaining cellular homeostasis through selective autophagy and activating the anti-oxidative stress response.
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)