Article
Forestry
Hayato Iijima, Teruki Oka
Summary: The damage to planted trees caused by deer in Japan is a serious problem, and the effectiveness of tree protection methods varies. This study investigated the factors influencing forest managers' choice of protection methods, the important factors in reducing tree damage for each method, and the effectiveness of repellents and fences. The results showed that the extent of damage increased with deer density, tree age, and maximum snow depth for both repellents and fences. It is important to consider environmental conditions such as deer density, snow depth, and slope degree when selecting deer protection methods for specific tree species.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Mario Vega, Peter Harrison, Matthew Hamilton, Rob Musk, Paul Adams, Brad Potts
Summary: The study found that wood density and modulus of elasticity of Eucalyptus nitens plantations increased with age, while microfibril angle decreased with age; wood density and MOE decreased with elevation, while microfibril angle increased. The variation in wood properties was mainly associated with precipitation.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Carlos A. Gonzalez-Benecke, M. P. Fernandez, T. J. Albaugh, R. Ahumada, H. E. Bown, J. Gayoso, V Gerding, O. B. Mardones, A. R. Rodriguez, R. Rubilar
Summary: Developing general individual-tree equations for stem volume and biomass components of three main commercial tree species in Chile, this study provides models that are applicable across a large geographical area and a variety of stand ages and characteristics. The inclusion of stand-level variables like age, basal area and stand density enhances the accuracy and precision of model outputs, supporting management decisions and enhancing stand-level productivity models. The collaborative effort behind this study showcases cooperation across researchers and practitioners to address complex questions in a transdisciplinary world.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Ruben A. Ananias, Laura Leandro-Zuniga, Natalia Perez-Pena, Linette Salvo-Sepulveda, Alain Cloutier
Summary: Permeability functionalities play an important role in wood drying and impregnation processes. In this study, the radial and tangential specific gas permeability of Eucalyptus nitens wood from 10 different provenances were measured. The results showed that the radial position had a significant effect on permeability, with values increasing from inner-wood to outer-wood. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed vessel obstruction by tyloses in the inner-wood, explaining the lower permeability values. This study suggests an opportunity for improving the permeability of the inner-wood through chemical modification or structural changes.
WOOD MATERIAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yingyao Cheng, Andrew H. C. Chan, Damien Holloway, Gregory Nolan
Summary: This study investigated the compressive behavior of plantation-grown Eucalyptus nitens as a structural material, finding significant anisotropy in compression behavior under different moisture contents and loading directions. Experimental results showed that the stiffness and strength of E. nitens decrease with increasing moisture content in wet conditions, indicating a need for design guidelines for its use in fully saturated applications.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Carlos Rozas, Ricardo Burgos, Alexander Opazo, Pablo Moreno, Oswaldo Erazo, Jean Pierre Lasserre
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of water immersion on the release of growth stresses in 17-year-old Eucalyptus nitens logs. The results showed that deflection, the log-end splitting index, and stress distribution were reduced in the three levels. The water immersion method allowed a reduction of growth stresses in Eucalyptus nitens logs.
Article
Forestry
Lina C. Vasquez, Thiago S. Marques, Edson F. de Abreu, Ricieri Cioci, Carlos Pina, Luciano M. Verdade
Summary: The study found that Eucalyptus plantations serve as habitats for small mammals during their commercial cycles, with some new species appearing in different cycles. Small mammal abundance is lower in Eucalyptus plantations compared to native vegetation and abandoned pastures.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Yingyao Cheng, Gregory Nolan, Damien Holloway, Jaskiran Kaur, Michael Lee, Andrew Chan
Summary: Plantation Eucalyptus nitens shows promising potential for structural applications in the building industry, especially when exposed to water, due to its relatively lower reduction in bending modulus of rupture compared to traditional construction materials.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kuluni Millaniyage, Nathan Kotlarewski, Louise Wallis, Assaad Taoum, Gregory Nolan
Summary: This study conducted Janka hardness tests on plantation-grown Eucalyptus nitens and regrowth forest Eucalyptus obliqua from Tasmania, Australia. The results showed that the hardness values of these timber species were lower than the values published in the literature. However, engineered flooring prototypes made from E. nitens showed similar performance to commercially available timber flooring products, suggesting their suitability for domestic and light commercial flooring applications despite their lower densities.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chaiya Klinsukon, Saisamorn Lumyong, Thomas W. Kuyper, Sophon Boonlue
Summary: The study showed that AMF improved the growth and survival of eucalyptus seedlings under saline conditions by increasing chlorophyll content and K/Na ratio while decreasing leaf proline concentration. Pre-inoculation with AMF also significantly enhanced plant performance by more than 30% compared to non-inoculated plants, indicating that AMF can mitigate the negative effects of salinity on plant physiological and biochemical parameters.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Vilius Gendvilas, Geoffrey M. Downes, Mark Neyland, Mark Hunt, Peter A. Harrison, Andrew Jacobs, Dean Williams, Julianne O'Reilly-Wapstra
Summary: Thinning of forestry plantations is a common practice to increase growth rates and produce larger logs. Wood properties such as basic density and stiffness are key indicators of timber suitability and value. The impact of thinning on wood properties varies across different sites.
Article
Polymer Science
Xudong Chen, Yingyao Cheng, Andrew Chan, Damien Holloway, Gregory Nolan
Summary: This study examined the suitability of Eucalyptus nitens as a structural material through tensile tests, revealing its highly anisotropic behavior and lower failure strength in high moisture conditions. The research also explored the failure mechanism of Eucalyptus nitens timber in tension and found its potential as a structural tensile member, especially in water saturated conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alexander Opazo-Vega, Victor Rosales-Garces, Claudio Oyarzo-Vera
Summary: This study evaluated the dynamic elasticity modulus of Eucalyptus nitens timber boards through non-destructive vibration-based tests, finding a positive correlation between the global static modulus of elasticity and E-xd. The proposed method based on a combination of OMA, FEM, and RSA techniques was useful in improving the structural selection process for lightweight social housing floors.
Article
Forestry
Luis Ibarra, Gary Hodge, Juan Jose Acosta
Summary: In Chile, the hybridization of Eucalyptus nitens and Eucalyptus globulus was done to combine the growth rate and cold resistance traits of E. nitens and wood properties of E. globulus. Field tests were conducted in two zones, Arauco and Valdivia, and high genetic variation was found in hybrid volume gain and wood properties. The impact of E. nitens on volume gain was significant, while E. globulus had no impact. In wood traits, E. globulus had a large effect in Arauco zone, while both parents contributed similar amounts of genetic variation in Valdivia zone. The high GHA and GCA relationship between hybrid progeny and pure species progeny performance suggests that parents can be selected based on pure species test results for volume and wood properties in interspecific crosses.
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Carlos Salinas, Cristian Chavez, Francisco Cardenas, Jose Torres, Ruben Ananias
Summary: This study presents new experimental data on the mechano-sorptive coefficient of Eucalyptus nitens wood in the longitudinal direction. The analysis was done using the principle of total deformation superposition. The results showed a direct proportionality between the intensity of the applied load and the mechano-sorptive strains, with determined values of the mechano-sorptive coefficients for radial and tangential directions.
Article
Plant Sciences
T. R. Pfeilsticker, R. C. Jones, D. A. Steane, P. A. Harrison, R. E. Vaillancourt, B. M. Potts
Summary: This study contributes to the increasing number of reports of hybrid inferiority in Eucalyptus, suggesting that post-zygotic barriers contribute to the maintenance of species integrity even between closely related species. However, with fitness rapidly recovered following backcrossing, it is argued that hybridization can still be an important evolutionary process.
Article
Forestry
Judith S. Nantongo, Brad M. Potts, Noel W. Davies, Hugh Fitzgerald, Thomas Rodemann, Julianne O'Reilly-Wapstra
Summary: In Pinus radiata, both primary and secondary compounds are involved in defense against herbivory, with varying levels and types of compounds in needles, bark and roots. The impact of stress is stronger on primary compounds, and roots show responses to above-ground stress. Constitutive and induced chemical defenses differ within the plant, with inducibility stronger in primary metabolites.
TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Judith S. Nantongo, Brad M. Potts, Noel W. Davies, Don Aurik, Stephen Elms, Hugh Fitzgerald, Julianne M. O'Reilly-Wapstra
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the genetic differences in susceptibility of two-year-old Pinus radiata trees to bark stripping by marsupials by analyzing specific compounds. It was found that two sesquiterpenoids were higher in resistant families, while sugars and phenolics were higher in susceptible families. After artificial bark stripping, compound levels in both resistant and susceptible families changed, leveling the differences observed at the constitutive level.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Michelle Balasso, Mark Hunt, Andrew Jacobs, Julianne O'Reilly-Wapstra
Summary: This study developed a method to segregate plantation Eucalyptus nitens trees and logs for structural boards based on wood quality. Using acoustic wave velocity and machine learning decision trees, operational thresholds were determined to increase the recovery of high-quality timber. Segregation based on log variables produced the best results, resulting in a larger recovery of higher quality timber.
ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Michelle Balasso, Mark Hunt, Andrew Jacobs, Julianne O'Reilly-Wapstra
Summary: This study aims to examine the quality of fast-grown Eucalyptus logs and relate relevant log quality traits to sawn timber characteristics. The results show that log characteristics such as volume, taper, log end splits, and stiffness significantly impact important board recovery traits.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Vilius Gendvilas, Mark Neyland, Manuel F. Rocha-Sepulveda, Geoffrey M. Downes, Mark Hunt, Andrew Jacobs, Dean Williams, Mario Vega, Julianne O'Reilly-Wapstra
Summary: Eucalypt plantations in Tasmania have mainly been used for fibre production, but there is growing interest in solid wood production. The study found that wood properties vary more within a tree than as a result of thinning. Stiffness is lowest at the bottom of the tree and highest in the middle region. Commercial thinning has some impact on the basic density of the wood and results in radial changes in wood properties.
Article
Plant Sciences
Christopher N. Wellington, Rene E. Vaillancourt, Brad M. Potts, Dale Worledge, Anthony P. O'Grady
Summary: Leptospermum scoparium, an economically important plant for manuka honey and essential oils production, exhibits significant genetic variation in various traits. The study suggests that population differences in traits may be influenced by local climate adaptation. Geographical trends indicate different genotypes of the plant from the eastern and western regions of Tasmania should be focused on for specific traits.
Article
Plant Sciences
Suzanne M. Prober, Brad M. Potts, Peter A. Harrison, Georg Wiehl, Tanya G. Bailey, Joao Costa e Silva, Meridy R. Price, Jane Speijers, Dorothy A. Steane, Rene E. Vaillancourt
Summary: With climate change impacting trees worldwide, enhancing adaptation capacity has become an important goal. This study compares genetic-based population variation, climate-trait associations, and genomic differentiation of two widespread tree species. The results show that different species have different patterns of variation and correlation, and climate-based plantings should consider multiple dimensions of climate change unless species-specific information is available.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Judith S. Nantongo, Brad M. Potts, Jaroslav Klapste, Natalie J. Graham, Heidi S. Dungey, Hugh Fitzgerald, Julianne M. O'Reilly-Wapstra
Summary: The study showed that integrating genomic data into genetic evaluations improved heritability estimates and predictive accuracy compared to equivalent pedigree-based models, particularly benefiting traits with low pedigree-based heritability. The use of genomic models can expedite the selection of superior genotypes and enhance breeding efficiency in trees.
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Manuel F. Rocha-Sepulveda, Mario Vega, Peter A. Harrison, Kelsey Joyce, Rene E. Vaillancourt, Brad M. Potts
Summary: This study explored the plastic response of Eucalyptus nitens pulpwood traits to variation in climate using ensemble learning methods. The results showed that the growth and wood properties of Eucalyptus nitens were mainly influenced by the climate during the growing period, with temperature affecting growth and rainfall-related variables affecting wood density. Pulp yield was influenced by a mix of climatic and geographic variables and appeared independent of the variation in growth and wood density.
Article
Forestry
Mariano A. Hernandez, Jakob B. Butler, Hans Ammitzboll, Jules S. Freeman, Julianne O'Reilly-Wapstra, Rene E. Vaillancourt, Brad M. Potts
Summary: Our study on the genetic architecture of fire-related traits in Eucalyptus globulus reveals that almost all traits are under genetic control. Trees of the dwarf ecotype are significantly more damaged and mainly recover from lignotubers, whereas tall ecotype trees mainly recover from epicormic resprouts. Tree size is negatively correlated with fire damage and positively correlated with recovery.
TREE GENETICS & GENOMES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Joao Costa e Silva, Brad M. Potts, Georg Wiehl, Suzanne M. Prober
Summary: This study examined the traits and performance of Eucalyptus pauciflora trees in Tasmania, Australia. It found that leaf thickness and leaf density had direct effects on growth performance, with individuals having reduced leaf thickness and increased leaf density being favored. These findings suggest that early-stage selection may be mediated by the effects of performance on later-age survival.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thais R. R. Pfeilsticker, Rebecca C. C. Jones, Dorothy A. A. Steane, Rene E. Vaillancourt, Brad M. M. Potts
Summary: In plants with limited seed dispersal, hybridisation can enhance gene exchange and species dispersal. Genetic evidence shows that hybridisation contributes to the expansion of Eucalyptus risdonii into the range of Eucalyptus amygdalina. Isolated hybrids match the expected genotypes, and there is a continuum of genetic composition among hybrid patches, suggesting backcrossing. The resurrection of Eucalyptus risdonii phenotype in isolated hybrid patches is likely due to long-distance pollen dispersal, leading to the invasion of suitable habitat and the displacement of Eucalyptus amygdalina.
