Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Melanie Davis, Graham L. Bradley, Jason I. Racz, Samantha Ferguson, Nicholas J. Buys
Summary: Passenger hostility is a common issue in the transit industry, but research on this topic is limited. This systematic review examines the occurrence, consequences, and factors related to passenger hostility directed at transit workers. Nineteen studies were identified, showing that passenger hostility occurs frequently and is often underreported. Correlates and consequences of hostility were identified, and the review proposes solutions and suggestions for future research and interventions.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Kate Y. O'Malley, Carl L. Hart, Sharon Casey, Luke A. Downey
Summary: The relationship between amphetamine use and aggressive or violent behavior remains unclear. A review of laboratory data in humans suggests that acute doses of amphetamine or methamphetamine did not increase aggression according to traditional laboratory measures.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Roland Lawson, Petra Cechova, Elies Zarrouk, James Javellaud, Vaclav Bazgier, Michal Otyepka, Patrick Trouillas, Nicolas Picard, Pierre Marquet, Franck Saint-Marcoux, Souleiman El Balkhi
Summary: The study found that acute doses of diazepam or diclazepam result in the accumulation of oxycodone, while chronic administration leads to the accumulation of toxic metabolite oxymorphone. This highlights the significant metabolic interactions that contribute to the overdose of opioids in conjunction with benzodiazepines.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Clemens Muehlan, Sander Brooks, Cedric Vaillant, Michael Meinel, Gabriel E. Jacobs, Rob G. Zuiker, Jasper Dingemanse
Summary: This study examined the effects of daridorexant on driving performance and found that it impaired simulated driving after initial dosing, but not after repeated dosing, in non-insomnia subjects. Users should exercise caution when driving after taking this medication.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jeremy R. Canfield, David F. Kisor, Jon E. Sprague
Summary: Designer benzodiazepines such as flualprazolam and flubromazolam are produced illegally to evade federal regulations. These compounds have similar structures to alprazolam but lack approved medical uses. Pharmacokinetic evaluation in rats showed that both flualprazolam and flubromazolam had significantly increased volume of distribution and clearance, with flualprazolam also demonstrating a doubled half-life compared to alprazolam. The study suggests that the fluorination of the alprazolam pharmacophore increases pharmacokinetic parameters and potentially leads to greater toxicity.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Sheena Trigg, Jason M. Wells, Jasmine McGann, Soeren Bock, Adam Holman, Stephen M. Harrison, Ching Yong Goh, Stephen A. Moggach, David H. Brown
Summary: Newly designed benzodiazepines are being discovered in the illegal drug market. Eight capsules were analyzed, and the main component was identified as a new designer benzodiazepine called 4'-chloro deschloroalprazolam. The study provides information on distinguishing these analogues from other drugs, allowing other laboratories to identify these new substances.
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jing Ling Tay, Ziqiang Li, Kang Sim
Summary: Aggression risk assessments are important in preventing harm in psychiatric settings. Recent research has utilized artificial intelligence methods to identify factors associated with aggression. This review evaluated the accuracy of AI-based aggression risk prediction and the clinical variables associated with it. Most studies reported good accuracy using specific machine learning algorithms. The limited existing research suggests a potential role for AI methods in clarifying factors related to aggression in psychiatric inpatient treatment settings.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Fahad M. Qureshi, Nirsan Kunaratnam, Nathan J. Kolla, Barna Konkoly Thege
Summary: Aggression is common in correctional and psychiatric settings, negatively impacting the physical and mental health of inmates/clients, as well as staff and organizational functioning. Current research on the effectiveness of nutritional supplements in reducing aggression and violence is in its early stages, with a need for higher quality studies in this evolving field of nutritional psychiatry.
AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Irene Weltens, Maarten Bak, Simone Verhagen, Emma Vandenberk, Patrick Domen, Therese van Amelsvoort, Marjan Drukker
Summary: Aggressive behavior on psychiatric wards is common, influenced by patient, staff, and ward factors. Focus on preventing early-stage aggression and adjusting treatment teams and ward management according to research results is recommended for the future.
Review
Nursing
Cara Spencer, Jamie Sitarz, June Fouse, Kristen DeSanto
Summary: This systematic review investigates the reasons and rationale behind nurses' underreporting of workplace violence in healthcare. The study identifies nursing, management, and organizational factors as the main contributors to underreporting. Clear and concise reporting processes, along with educational support, are recommended to encourage staff reporting and address workplace violence.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Erin Kelty, Kate Chitty, David B. Preen
Summary: This study investigated the impact of alprazolam use in pregnancy on maternal and neonatal health. Data from state administrative prescribing records and perinatal data were used to identify women prescribed alprazolam during pregnancy, as well as comparison groups of women. The results showed that while alprazolam use during pregnancy did not increase the risk of severe adverse neonatal outcomes, it was associated with a higher likelihood of neonates being born with low birth weight for gestational age.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Matina Shafti, Peter Taylor, Andrew Forrester, Fritz Handerer, Daniel Pratt
Summary: This systematic review aimed to examine whether there are psychological factors that are uniquely associated with dual harm and found weak evidence that dual harm is an independent construct with unique psychological characteristics. Instead, it suggests that dual harm results from the interaction of psychological risk factors associated with self-harm and aggression.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Angel Romero-Martinez, Carolina Sarrate-Costa, Luis Moya-Albiol
Summary: The study examines reactive and proactive aggression and argues for a complementary model instead of a dichotomous one. It explores the biological markers related to both types of aggression and highlights the role of genetic factors, brain analysis, and psychophysiological and hormonal correlates. The findings suggest that heritability plays a significant role in both types of aggression, while brain analysis reveals overlapping characteristics. The study also provides insights into potential treatments for reducing aggression proneness.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emma L. Sparrow, Sonya James, Khiyam Hussain, Stephen A. Beers, Mark S. Cragg, Yury D. Bogdanov
Summary: The study reveals that modulation of GABA(A)Rs can inhibit T cell proliferation, indicating an important role of GABA receptors in immune suppression.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Teresa T. T. Ho, Melissa Noble, Bao Anh Tran, Katlynd Sunjic, Sheeba Varghese Gupta, Jacques Turgeon, Rustin D. D. Crutchley
Summary: Diazepam is commonly used to manage severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome, but some patients experience refractory withdrawal syndromes or adverse reactions. The genetic variants in the CYP2C19 gene have an impact on the pharmacokinetics of diazepam and treatment outcomes for alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Peter G. Miller, Clare Farmer, Narelle Robertson, Kerri Coomber, Ashlee Curtis, Ryan Baldwin, Brittany Patafio, Jason Ferris, Cheneal Puljevic, Nicholas Taylor, Dominique de Andrade
Summary: This study explored key informant attitudes towards the 'Last Drinks at 3am' legislation in Safe Night Precincts in Queensland, Australia. The findings showed that the majority of key informants believed that this legislation reduced harm and had minimal impact on business.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Leanne Francia, Tina Lam, Amelia Berg, Kirsty Morgan, Michael Savic, Dan Lubman, Suzanne Nielsen
Summary: This Australian qualitative study explores the impact of service delivery on treatment-seeking for alcohol and other drug use. The study finds that long wait times and poor assessment processes are barriers to treatment-seeking within specialist services, while organizational expectations, separate perception of alcohol and other drugs, and limited opportunities for informal engagement are barriers within broader health-care services.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Substance Abuse
Gregory Carter, Matthew J. Spittal, Linda Glowacki, Dimitri Gerostamoulos, Paul Dietze, Barbara Sinclair, Shalini Arunogiri, Michael Berk, Dan I. Lubman, Victoria Manning, Peter Higgs, Brendan Quinn, Amanda Baker, Olivia M. Dean, Alyna Turner, Rebecca McKetin
Summary: The aim of this study was to estimate the negative predictive value (NPV) of self-reported non-use of methamphetamine compared with an oral fluid reference standard for treatment of methamphetamine dependence. The findings suggest that self-report of no recent methamphetamine use is sufficiently accurate to be clinically useful in treatment settings.
Article
Substance Abuse
Jasmin Grigg, Victoria Manning, Ali Cheetham, George Youssef, Kate Hall, Amanda L. Baker, Petra K. Staiger, Isabelle Volpe, Peta Stragalinos, Dan Lubman
Summary: Despite the global magnitude of alcohol use problems, treatment uptake remains low. This study found that the majority of individuals accessing telephone-delivered alcohol treatment were first-time help-seekers, yet had high alcohol problem severity. There were different barriers impacting help-seeking decisions, including social, structural, and psychological factors. Public health strategies are needed to increase help-seeking rates.
ALCOHOL AND ALCOHOLISM
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
T. Lam, T. Xia, N. Biggs, M. Treloar, O. Cheng, K. Kabu, J. A. Stevens, J. D. Evans, M. E. da Gama, D. Lubman, S. Nielsen
Summary: This observational study examined the impact of different types of opioids on persistent postoperative opioid use. The results showed that tapentadol had a lower rate of persistence compared to oxycodone, especially among orthopedic surgery patients.
Article
Substance Abuse
Rebecca McKetin, Philip J. Clare, David Castle, Alyna Turner, Peter J. Kelly, Dan I. Lubman, Shalini Arunogiri, Victoria Manning, Michael Berk
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether the risk of psychotic symptoms during methamphetamine use was dependent on, increased by, or independent of having a family history of psychosis. The findings showed that both methamphetamine use and family history of psychosis were independently associated with psychotic symptoms in the past week, and the joint risk was even larger when they occurred together. There was no significant interaction between family history of psychosis and methamphetamine use in predicting psychotic symptoms, but family history of psychosis was an independent risk factor for the absolute risk of psychotic symptoms in this population.
Article
Substance Abuse
Alexandra C. Anderson, Alex H. Robinson, Emily Giddens, Breanna Hartshorn, Eric Allan, Carol Rowe, Toby Lawrence, Trevor T. -J. Chong, Dan I. Lubman, Antonio Verdejo-Garcia
Summary: This study presents a proof-of-concept trial of a new cognitive remediation program (GMT+) for individuals with methamphetamine use disorder. The results suggest that GMT+ may improve cognitive performance and decrease dependence on methamphetamine.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jasmin Grigg, Victoria Manning, Darren Lockie, Michelle Giles, Robin J. Bell, Peta Stragalinos, Chloe Bernard, Christopher J. Greenwood, Isabelle Volpe, Liam Smith, Peter Bragge, Dan Lubman
Summary: A brief alcohol intervention was effective in increasing awareness of alcohol as a risk factor for breast cancer and improving alcohol literacy among women attending routine breast screening. The intervention resulted in a greater increase in awareness and alcohol literacy compared to the control group, but did not significantly reduce alcohol consumption.
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Dan I. Lubman, Victoria Manning, Shalini Arunogiri, Kate Hall, John Reynolds, Peta Stragalinos, Rachel Petukhova, Robyn Gerhard, Jonathan Tyler, Anna Bough, Anthony Harris, Jasmin Grigg
Summary: Australia has a high rate of methamphetamine use, but accessibility to in-person psychological treatment remains low. This study aims to examine the efficacy of a telephone-delivered intervention for reducing the severity of methamphetamine use disorder and related harms.
Article
Sport Sciences
Courtney C. Walton, Rosemary Purcell, Vita Pilkington, Kate Hall, Goran Kentta, Stewart Vella, Simon M. Rice
Summary: This paper proposes a model that explores how the level of psychological safety in the environment can affect the mental health outcomes of athletes. In an environment where individuals feel safe to be their authentic selves, better mental health outcomes are likely.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sophie Mattingley, George J. J. Youssef, Liam Graeme, Elise Sloan, Victoria Manning, Kate Hall
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the transdiagnostic utility of negative urgency (NU) and distress tolerance (DT) across substance use disorders (SUD), eating disorders featuring binging and/or purging (ED-B/P), and borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms. The results showed that NU had utility across SUD, ED-B/P, and BPD, while the role of DT was more nuanced. These findings have important implications for NU and DT as potential intervention targets.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Peter Miller, Kira Button, Nicholas Taylor, Kerri Coomber, Ryan Baldwin, Travis Harries, Brittany Patafio, Tahnee Guala, Nathan Harris, Ashlee Curtis, Gery C. Karantzas, Petra K. Staiger, Dominique de Andrade
Summary: This study examined the medium-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on violence-related offences in Australia, specifically looking at the existence of a 'dual pandemic' of family violence. The findings showed that domestic assaults in Australia have been steadily increasing or remaining stable over the past decade, unaffected by COVID-19 and subsequent lockdowns. Non-domestic assaults, on the other hand, exhibited a significant negative relationship with the COVID-19 stringency index, except for Western Australia. There were no significant changes in homicide or sexual assault rates in relation to COVID-19 across Australia.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Social Work
David Best, Arun Sondhi, Lauren Hoffman, Jessica Best, Alessandro Leidi, Anthony Grimes, Matthew Conner, Robert Detriquet, William White, Bailey Hilliard, Karl Leonard, April Hutchison
Summary: The transition from jail to community is a high-risk time for individuals with substance use disorders, but continued support and care can lead to positive growth in recovery capital.
JOURNAL OF OFFENDER REHABILITATION
(2024)
Article
Substance Abuse
Kerri Coomber, Ryan Baldwin, Nicholas Taylor, Sarah Callinan, Claire Wilkinson, John W. Toumbourou, Tanya Chikritzhs, Peter G. Miller
Summary: Findings from this study indicate that high-risk drinkers are more likely to use and be exposed to alcohol home delivery services, which could undermine efforts to reduce drinking. Stronger legislation and monitoring are recommended in Australia.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL REVIEW
(2023)
Review
Criminology & Penology
Sarah Clifford, Cassandra J. C. Wright, Michael Livingston, James A. Smith, Kalinda E. Griffiths, Peter G. Miller
Summary: This study investigated DFSV offenders in the Northern Territory and found that they commonly experience trauma and have issues with alcohol and other drug abuse. The findings also revealed the intersection between trauma and alcohol, as well as the impact of social determinants on trauma. However, the recognition of the importance of addressing trauma in the rehabilitation process is still limited.
JOURNAL OF CRIMINOLOGY
(2023)