Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jin Xu, Runxia Li, Qian Li
Summary: The study found that reducing the average size and increasing the number density of agglomerations can improve the refining effect of Al-Nb-B master alloys. By developing a model that includes the influence of agglomeration on nucleation efficacy, the study found its impact on grains.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Binfan Jiang, Dehong Xia, Xiangjun Liu
Summary: The study reveals that bacteria molecules can serve as heterogeneous nucleation sources for aerosol particles, aggregating on the surfaces of inorganic aerosol precursors like sulfuric acid, forming hydrogen bonds to drive heterogeneous nucleation and contribute to the formation of secondary aerosol particles.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Nguyen Tien Dung, Meini Su, Michael Watson, Yong Wang
Summary: This paper presents the results of an investigation into the application of aqueous graphene in Portland cement mortars. It is found that aqueous graphene can replace powdered pristine graphene nano-platelets in PC mortar. Compared to pristine graphene, aqueous graphene has fewer agglomerates, resulting in lower manufacturing and carbon costs and improved compressive strength of PC. The use of aqueous graphene enhances cement gel nucleation seeding and prolongs PC hydration, improving the content and morphology of hydration products.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Andrea Newman, Andrea Campos, David Pujol, Pascal Fornara, Magali Gregoire, Dominique Mangelinck
Summary: In microelectronics, the nucleation of cobalt silicide CoSi2 in small dimensions is difficult, but CoSi2 based contacts are still interesting for specific devices in 65 nm technology. The surface preparation of the Si substrate before Co deposition can influence the formation of cobalt silicide phases. Different surface preparations and Soft Sputter Etch processes have been applied on Si(100) wafers before the deposition of Co and TiN layers, resulting in different formation temperatures and crystalline orientations for the Co silicide phases. The results highlight the influence of surface preparation on the formation and agglomeration of Co silicides, and its importance for integrating CoSi2 films in a 65 nm CMOS technology.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Haiying Li, Hairui Xue, Junya Zhang, Guijie Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the efficiency of a chemical agglomeration pretreatment method using xanthan gum, konjac gum, and their mixtures for the removal of fine particles in the flue gases of the metallurgy process. The results show that the mixed solution of 1 g/L mixed gum and 0.5 g/L SDS has the most significant effect on increasing the particle size of fine dust particles and achieving the best removal effect. The optimized parameters for maximum removal efficiency are 1 g/L mixed gum concentration, 0.4 MPa pressure, and 10 m/s flue gas velocity.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Luke P. McLaughlin, Erica L. Belmont
Summary: This study examined the formation of aerosols from biomass burning emissions under laboratory pyrolysis conditions, focusing on the influence of biomass composition and dilution temperature. Results showed a significant impact of dilution temperature on particle size, number, and distribution, with the nucleation mode dominating. The summative model performed well in predicting particle number formation but highlighted uncertainty in predicting particle mass formation.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jia 'nan Wang, Wei Liu, Fubing Zhang, Wenjun Huang, Haomiao Xu, Yuchen Ding, Zan Qu, Naiqiang Yan
Summary: Agglomeration pretreatment is the most effective method to remove fine particulate matters (PM2.5). However, existing technologies were not suitable for high-humidity conditions. This study proposed a method combining spraying and turbulence effects to enhance the agglomeration of fine particles. The results showed that the number concentration proportions of fine particles can decrease and increase within specific size ranges with the spray volume of 15 L/min. Turbulence effects can increase the collision and agglomeration opportunities among particles and droplets, resulting in an increased average particle size. The integration of this method with an agglomeration system can improve the removal efficiency of fine particles in WESP. This study contributes to understanding the mechanism of turbulence on particle agglomeration and provides insights for upgrading existing dust removal equipment.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jonathan D. Tew, Kate Pitt, Rachel Smith, James D. Litster
Summary: Spherical agglomeration can be enhanced by adding an immiscible bridging liquid, improving the handling and tabletability of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The true bridging liquid-solid ratio (TBSR) is introduced as a robust dimensionless parameter for the design and scale up of spherical agglomeration processes.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dipanjan Mandal, David Quigley
Summary: This study introduces a lattice-gas model based on interacting dimers to investigate competition in nucleation pathways involving two types of nuclei. Nucleation rates are calculated using forward flux sampling, demonstrating the inference of nucleation outcomes and pathways.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiangzheng Cui, Yongchun Zhao, Yushan Ji, Jingchao Liu, Tian Gao, Gangzhong Yang, Yi Wang, Rihong Xiao, Xing Chuai, Junying Zhang
Summary: The study examines the effect of heterogeneous agglomeration technology on the migration and emission of three trace elements (arsenic, selenium, and lead) in the tail flue gas of a domestic coal-fired power plant. The results demonstrate the efficient attachment of gaseous harmful trace elements to particulate matter, leading to significant reductions in their concentrations.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yijie Wang, Qiyu Huang, Dongxu Zhang, Kun Wang, Xun Zhang, Yu Zhang, Zhenkang Xu, WenChen Liu
Summary: This study investigates the influence of asphaltenes on the evolution behavior of CO2 hydrates in waxy water-in-oil emulsions using a lab scale high-pressure stirring reactor. The results show that waxes inhibit CO2 hydrate nucleation, while the addition of asphaltenes enhances this inhibition effect. Moreover, asphaltenes facilitate the decomposition process of CO2 hydrates in waxy systems.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Pingping Cui, Wenchao Yang, Lihong Jia, Ling Zhou, Meijing Zhang, Ying Bao, Chuang Xie, Baohong Hou, Qiuxiang Yin
Summary: Spherical crystals in industrial crystallization have attracted attention due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. However, the mechanism of their formation is not well understood. This study successfully obtained spherical amoxicillin sodium crystals using a spherulitic growth strategy and found that immediate agitation after the addition of crystal seeds was critical for inducing radial noncrystallographic branching and spherulite formation. The formation mechanism was studied using process analytical technology tools, revealing a three-step morphological evolution process.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jingtao Wang, Jialin Yang, Zhiwei Li, Yuting Jia, Zhiming Xu
Summary: This study used molecular dynamics method to simulate the agglomeration characteristics of Cu nanoparticles in water and investigated the effect of electric field on their stability. The results indicated that the electric field inhibited the collision of nanoparticles and influenced the properties of nanofluids by altering the aggregation degree and diffusion coefficient of water molecules.
COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mei Sun, Ying Zhou, Yifei Wang, Xiaochen Zheng, Jia'Nan Cui, Dong Zhang, Jianbo Zhang, Ruiqin Zhang
Summary: Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) serves as a significant reservoir of nitrogen oxides that influences atmospheric oxidation capacity and regional nitrogen distribution. This study identified notable differences in PAN pollution between urban and suburban areas in Zhengzhou, central China, with higher levels observed during winter and spring. Analysis showed that the main sources of PAN pollution during colder months were short-distance air mass transport from specific regions in Henan and Hebei provinces, leading to a strong correlation between PAN and PM2.5 (and O-3) due to joint transport.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yunxi Shi, Yin Zhou, Zhengsheng Li, Yixi Cai, Xiaohua Li, Yong He, Jia Fang
Summary: The study revealed that the decomposition amount of PM decreases with an increase in temperature, with the highest decomposition amount observed at 80 degrees Celsius. The volume concentrations of DPF regeneration products were higher under variable temperature conditions, and regeneration occurred faster.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rena R. Jones, Gerard Hoek, Jared A. Fisher, Sina Hasheminassab, Dongbin Wang, Mary H. Ward, Constantinos Sioutas, Roel Vermeulen, Debra T. Silverman
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wei Xue, Jian Xue, Farimah Shirmohammadi, Constantinos Sioutas, Annabelle Lolinco, Alam Hasson, Michael J. Kleeman
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maryam Hakimzadeh, Ehsan Soleimanian, Amirhosein Mousavi, Alessandro Borgini, Cinzia De Marco, Ario A. Ruprecht, Constantinos Sioutas
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Milad Pirhadi, Amirhosein Mousavi, Sina Taghvaee, Martin M. Shafer, Constantinos Sioutas
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amin Haghani, Richard Johnson, Nikoo Safi, Hongqiao Zhang, Max Thorwald, Amirhosein Mousavi, Nicholas C. Woodward, Farimah Shirmohammadi, Valerio Coussa, John P. Wise, Henry Jay Forman, Constantinos Sioutas, Hooman Allayee, Todd E. Morgan, Caleb E. Finch
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mafalda Cacciottolo, Todd E. Morgan, Arian A. Saffari, Farimah Shirmohammadi, Henry Jay Forman, Costantinos Sioutas, Caleb E. Finch
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ehsan Soleimanian, Amirhosein Mousavi, Sina Taghvaee, Martin M. Shafer, Constantinos Sioutas
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Milad Pirhadi, Amirhosein Mousavi, Mohammad H. Sowlat, Nicole A. H. Janssen, Flemming R. Cassee, Constantinos Sioutas
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ajith Pattammattel, Valerie J. Leppert, Paul Aronstein, Matthew Robinson, Amirhosein Mousavi, Constantinos Sioutas, Henry Jay Forman, Peggy A. O'Day
Summary: This study investigated the speciation, oxidation states, and relative abundance of iron (Fe) phases in PM2.5 samples from urban Los Angeles. It found that ferrihydrite was the most prevalent component, originating mainly from anthropogenic activities such as vehicle abrasion and engine emissions. The heterogeneous mixtures of iron species have a high potential for electron transfer reactions and may impact environmental and health outcomes.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Correction
Immunology
Hani Harb, Emmanuel Stephen-Victor, Elena Crestani, Mehdi Benamar, Amir Massoud, Ye Cui, Louis-Marie Charbonnier, Sena Arbag, Safa Baris, Amparito Cunnigham, Juan Manuel Leyva-Castillo, Raif S. Geha, Amirhosein J. Mousavi, Boris Guennewig, Klaus Schmitz-Abe, Constantinos Sioutas, Wanda Phipatanakul, Talal A. Chatila
Summary: The paper has been amended and the updated version can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Abdulmalik Altuwayjiri, Ehsan Soleimanian, Silvia Moroni, Paolo Palomba, Alessandro Borgini, Cinzia De Marco, Ario A. Ruprecht, Constantinos Sioutas
Summary: This study aimed to characterize changes in components and toxicological properties of PM2.5 during the COVID-19 lockdown in Milan, Italy. The results showed that concentrations of certain components from tailpipe emissions and road dust decreased during the lockdown period compared to 2019, while concentrations of ambient PM2.5 and black carbon remained relatively stable.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Vahid Jalali Farahani, Abdulmalik Altuwayjiri, Sina Taghvaee, Constantinos Sioutas
Summary: This study estimated the emission factors of PM10 and its chemical constituents from various sources on two freeways in the Los Angeles basin. The results showed that non-tailpipe emissions, particularly from heavy-duty vehicles on the I-710 freeway, had higher PM10 and metal element emission factors compared to the I-110 freeway. The study also found that road dust resuspension contributed twice as much non-tailpipe PM10 as tire and brake wear.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mohammad Aldekheel, Abdulmalik Altuwayjiri, Ramin Tohidi, Vahid Jalali Farahani, Constantinos Sioutas
Summary: This study investigated the effectiveness of air purifiers and ventilation systems in reducing indoor air pollution in various classrooms. The results showed that the ventilation systems adequately diluted indoor CO2 concentrations, and the in-line filters and air purifiers efficiently captured particles. This study emphasizes the importance of air purifiers and ventilation systems in reducing indoor air pollution.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mohammad Aldekheel, Vahid Jalali Farahani, Constantinos Sioutas
Summary: The lifetime cancer risk characterization of ambient PM-bound carcinogenic metals and PAHs was examined in three cities with similar Mediterranean climates but different emission sources and air quality regulations. The study found that Milan had the highest risk, while Los Angeles had the lowest risk. This highlights the importance of local air quality measures in improving air quality and reducing cancer risks.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Vahid Jalali Farahani, Abdulmalik Altuwayjiri, Milad Pirhadi, Vishal Verma, Ario Alberto Ruprecht, Evangelia Diapouli, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Constantinos Sioutas
Summary: This study examines the impact of urban emission sources on the chemical composition and oxidative potential of ambient particulate matter (PM). The results show that PM samples from different emission sources have distinctive characteristics, with PM from biomass burning and secondary organic aerosols having the highest oxidative potential. In contrast, areas with high metal emissions, such as dust storms, refineries, and industrial areas, exhibit low oxidative potential.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Muhammad Waqas, Majid Nazeer, Man Sing Wong, Wu Shaolin, Li Hon, Joon Heo
Summary: The socio-economic restriction measures implemented in the United States have significantly reduced nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions. The study highlights the impact of factors such as human mobility, population density, income, climate, and stationary sources on the reduction of NO2 at different stations. The research emphasizes the scientific impacts of the NO2 reduction and income inequality revealed by the pandemic on air quality and health disparities.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guorui Zhi, Jinhong Du, Aizhong Chen, Wenjing Jin, Na Ying, Zhihui Huang, Peng Xu, Di Wang, Jinghua Ma, Yuzhe Zhang, Jiabao Qu, Hao Zhang, Li Yang, Zhanyun Ma, Yanjun Ren, Hongyan Dang, Jianglong Cui, Pengchuan Lin, Zhuoshi He, Jinmin Zhao, Shuo Qi, Weiqi Zhang, Wenjuan Zhao, Yingxin Li, Qian Liu, Chen Zhao, Yi Tang, Peng Wei, Jingxu Wang, Zhen Song, Yao Kong, Xiangzhe Zhu, Yi Shen, Tianning Zhang, Yangxi Chu, Xinmin Zhang, Jiafeng Fu, Qingxian Gao, Jingnan Hu, Zhigang Xue
Summary: An comprehensive emission inventory for China in 2019, which includes both air pollutants and greenhouse gases, was developed in this study. The inventory utilizes existing frameworks and data to provide comparable emissions data and demonstrates the relationship between emissions and economic development.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
I-Ting Ku, Yong Zhou, Arsineh Hecobian, Katherine Benedict, Brent Buck, Emily Lachenmayer, Bryan Terry, Morgan Frazier, Jie Zhang, Da Pan, Lena Low, Amy Sullivan, Jeffrey L. Collett Jr
Summary: Unconventional oil and natural gas development (UOGD) in the United States has expanded rapidly in recent decades, raising concerns about its impact on air quality. This study conducted extensive air monitoring during the development of several large well pads in Broomfield, Colorado, providing a unique opportunity to examine changes in local air toxics and VOC concentrations during well drilling and completions and production. The study identified significant increases in VOC concentrations during drilling operations, highlighting the importance of emissions from synthetic drilling mud. The findings suggest opportunities to mitigate emissions during UOGD operations.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Puji Lestari, Akbar R. Tasrifani, Wiranda I. Suri, Martin J. Wooster, Mark J. Grosvenor, Yusuke Fujii, Vissia Ardiyani, Elisa Carboni, Gareth Thomas
Summary: This study developed field emission factors for various pollutants in peatland fires and estimated the total emissions. Gas samples were collected using an analyzer, while particulate samples were collected using air samplers. The study found significant emissions of CO2, CO, PM2.5, carbon aerosols, water-soluble ions, and elements from the fires in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia in 2019.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ligang Li, Yuyu Chen, Lu Fan, Dong Sun, Hu He, Yongshou Dai, Yong Wan, Fangfang Chen
Summary: A high-precision retrieval method based on a deep convolutional neural network and satellite remote sensing data is proposed to obtain accurate methane vertical profiles.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hyung Joo Lee, Toshihiro Kuwayama, Michael Fitzgibbon
Summary: This study investigated the changes in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) air pollution levels and their disparities in California, U.S. during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The results showed a decrease in NO2 concentrations, especially in urban and high-traffic areas. However, socially vulnerable populations still experienced higher levels of NO2 exposure. The study suggests that reducing NO2 disparities, particularly racial inequity, can be achieved through continued regulatory actions targeting traffic-related NOx emissions.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria Chiara Pietrogrande, Beatrice Biffi, Cristina Colombi, Eleonora Cuccia, Umberto Dal Santo, Luisa Romanato
Summary: This study investigates the chemical composition and oxidative potential of PM10 particles in the Po Valley, Italy, and demonstrates the impact of high levels of atmosphere ammonia. The rural area had significantly higher ammonia concentrations compared to the urban site, resulting in higher levels of secondary inorganic aerosol. Although the SIA components did not contribute significantly to the PM10 oxidative reactivity, they were correlated with the oxidative potential measurements. This suggests that the contribution of SIA to PM oxidative toxicity cannot be ignored.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Natalie Allen, Jan Gacnik, Sarrah M. Dunham-Cheatham, Mae Sexauer Gustin
Summary: Accurate measurement of atmospheric reactive mercury is challenging due to its reactivity and low concentrations. The University of Nevada, Reno Reactive Mercury Active System (RMAS) has been shown to be more accurate than the industry standard, but has limitations including long time resolution and sampling biases. Increasing the sampling flow rate negatively affected RM concentrations, but did not impact the chemical composition of RM captured on membranes.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chin-Yu Hsu, Wei-Ting Hsu, Ching-Yi Mou, Pei-Yi Wong, Chih-Da Wu, Yu-Cheng Chen
Summary: This study estimated the daily exposure concentrations of PM2.5 for elderly individuals residing in different regions of Taiwan using land use regression with machine learning (LUR_ML) and microenvironmental exposure (ME) models. The accuracy of the models varied across regions, with the ME models exhibiting higher predictions and lower biases. The use of region-specific microenvironmental measurements in the ME model showed potential for accurate prediction of personal PM2.5 exposure.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaohan Si, Kerrie Mengersen, Chuchu Ye, Wenbiao Hu
Summary: This study found that there is an interactive effect between air pollutants and weather factors, which significantly affects influenza transmission. Future research should consider the interactive effects between pollutants and temperature or humidity to evaluate the environment-influenza association.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luxi Xu, Ruijun Xu, Yunshao Ye, Rui Wang, Jing Wei, Chunxiang Shi, Qiaoxuan Lin, Ziquan Lv, Suli Huang, Qi Tian, Yuewei Liu
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of ambient air pollution on hospital admissions for angina. The results showed that exposure to ambient particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and ozone are associated with an increased risk of hospital admissions for angina. The association with nitrogen dioxide exposure was found to be the strongest.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xinyu Yu, Man Sing Wong, Majid Nazeer, Zhengqiang Li, Coco Yin Tung Kwok
Summary: This study proposes a novel method to address the challenge of missing values in satellite-derived AOD products and creates a comprehensive daily AOD dataset for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. By reconstructing missing values and developing a new model, the derived dataset outperforms existing products and agrees well with ground-based observations. Additionally, the dataset exhibits consistent temporal patterns and more spatial details.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yidan Zhang, Yifan Xu, Bo Peng, Wu Chen, Xiaoyu Cui, Tianle Zhang, Xi Chen, Yuan Yao, Mingjin Wang, Junyi Liu, Mei Zheng, Tong Zhu
Summary: This study developed a sensitive method to measure the metallic components of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and compared the results with different analysis methods. The concentrations of metallic components in personal PM2.5 samples were found to be significantly different from corresponding fixed-site samples. Personal sampling can reduce exposure misclassifications, and measuring metallic components is useful for exploring health risks and identifying sources of PM2.5.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Jamie Leonard, Lea Ann El Rassi, Mona Abdul Samad, Samantha Prehn, Sanjay K. Mohanty
Summary: Increasing concentrations of microplastics in the Earth's atmosphere could have adverse effects on ecosystems and human health. The deposition rate of airborne microplastics is influenced by both land use and climate, and a global analysis suggests that climate may have a greater impact on the concentration and deposition rate of microplastics than land use.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tian Zhou, Xiaowen Zhou, Zining Yang, Carmen Cordoba-Jabonero, Yufei Wang, Zhongwei Huang, Pengbo Da, Qiju Luo, Zhijuan Zhang, Jinsen Shi, Jianrong Bi, Hocine Alikhodja
Summary: This study investigated the long-range transport and effects of North African and Middle Eastern dust in East Asia using lidar observations and model simulations. The results showed that the dust originated from multiple sources and had a long transport time. The vertical distribution of the dust was found to be crucial for assessing its impacts.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2024)