Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shejuti Paul, Mandy Wong, Ehimare Akhabue, Rupal C. Mehta, Holly Kramer, Tamara Isakova, Mercedes R. Carnethon, Myles Wolf, Orlando M. Gutierrez
Summary: In middle-aged adults with few comorbidities, higher levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) were not independently associated with greater risk of cardiovascular events or death. Higher cFGF23 was independently associated with greater risk of heart failure hospitalization.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Liangle Yang, Qin Fang, Lue Zhou, Hao Wang, Handong Yang, Meian He, Zhichao Wang, Weijia Kong, Xiaomin Zhang
Summary: The study found that increased high-frequency hearing loss was associated with a dose-response relationship with elevated risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke, while the association with coronary heart disease and speech-frequency hearing loss was not significant.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Bilqees Ghani, Khalid Rasheed Memon, Heesup Han, Antonio Ariza-Montes, Juan M. M. Arjona-Fuentes
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between work stress and job insecurity, as well as technological changes and job insecurity, with job satisfaction as a mediator. The results show a strong and statistically significant relationship between work stress and job insecurity. However, technological advancements have less influence on job insecurity. Job satisfaction acts as an important mediator in the relationship between work stress and job insecurity.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pan Zhuang, Xiaohui Liu, Yin Li, Yuqi Wu, Haoyu Li, Xuzhi Wan, Lange Zhang, Chengfu Xu, Jingjing Jiao, Yu Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between fatty acids, genetic predisposition, and coronary artery disease. The results showed that monounsaturated fatty acids were positively associated with CAD risk, while polyunsaturated fatty acids were associated with a decreased risk. Individuals with high genetic risk should reduce saturated fatty acid levels for CAD prevention.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Isabel A. L. Slurink, Nicolette R. den Braver, Femke Rutters, Nina Kupper, Tom Smeets, Petra J. M. Elders, Joline W. J. Beulens, Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu
Summary: The highest intake of high fat fermented dairy, cheese and high fat cheese were associated with a lower risk of prediabetes, whereas other dairy types were not associated. Cheese seems to be inversely associated with type 2 diabetes risk, despite high levels of saturated fatty acids and sodium.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Applied
Mindy K. Shoss, Jeffrey B. Vancouver
Summary: This article presents a comprehensive, dynamic, and computational model of the relationship between job insecurity and job performance. The model incorporates multiple mechanisms to explain the impact of job insecurity on performance and utilizes a self-regulatory computational architecture to predict the short-term and long-term effects. Simulation results demonstrate the consistency of the model with major propositions in the existing literature and explain the negative correlation between job insecurity and performance.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Wending Li, Kuai Yu, Ningning Jia, Xuedan Xu, Yu Yuan, Rong Peng, Rundong Niu, Xiaomin You, Handong Yang, Gaokun Qiu, Huan Guo, Meian He, Xiaomin Zhang, An Pan, Lap Ah Tse, Tangchun Wu
Summary: This study showed that longer durations of past shift work were associated with higher risk of coronary heart disease among retired workers, especially those in the service or sales sectors. Physical exercise may help reduce this excess risk.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Paul T. Jurgens, John J. Carr, James G. Terry, Jamal S. Rana, David R. Jacobs, Daniel A. Duprez
Summary: This study investigated the predictive value of abdominal aorta calcium (AAC) relative to coronary artery calcium (CAC) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronary heart disease (CHD) events in Black and White early middle-aged participants. The results showed that AAC and CAC had similar predictive effects on CVD, with only CAC being able to predict CHD. Additionally, AAC was able to predict incident CVD when CAC was 0.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Gozde Seval Ergun, Handan Ozcelik Bozkurt, Emin Arslan, Hakan Kendir, Ozgur Yayla
Summary: The study examines the impact of professional uncertainty on tourism staff after the Russia-Ukraine crisis in 2022. The results show that job insecurity perception positively affects job stress and turnover intention. Furthermore, job stress has a positive effect on turnover intention. The moderating role of PsyCap was confirmed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Shu-yi Li, Si Chen, Xiao-ting Lu, Ai-ping Fang, Yu-ming Chen, Rong-zhu Huang, Xin-lei Lin, Zi-hui Huang, Jing-fei Ma, Bi-xia Huang, Hui-lian Zhu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between serum TMAO and incident type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and older adults. The results showed that higher serum TMAO levels were associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and elevated fasting glucose.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Xu Cheng, Cunqing Yang, Chun Gu, Min Wu, Jun Li, Xueyun Hou, Jiaxin Fei, Li Sun, Cheng An, Guijian Liu, Fengxiang Shi, Bo Pang
Summary: This study aimed to explore the association between serum vitamin K concentrations and coronary artery calcification score. The results showed that serum vitamin K1 and MK-4 concentrations were significantly lower in middle-aged and elderly cohorts with increasing calcification scores. Vitamin K1 concentration was found to be negatively correlated with the calcification score in individuals who already had calcification. Further research is needed to investigate the role of serum vitamin K concentration detection in guiding vitamin K supplementation in patients with coronary calcification.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Danruo Zhong, Megan R. Gunnar, Aaron S. Kelly, Simone French, Nancy E. Sherwood, Jerica M. Berge, Alicia Kunin-Batson
Summary: Research shows that early exposure to FI is associated with higher BMI in children as young as two years old, and those with higher BMI at baseline tend to maintain their status over the next three years. However, children's dietary quality does not explain the association between baseline FI and BMI z-scores.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. Schmidt, A. Gummesson, F. Backhed, Goeran Bergstrom, M. Soderberg
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether adverse psychosocial work conditions increase the risk for early dysregulated glucose metabolism in 50-64-year-old men and women. The results showed that men and women who perceived their work conditions as active had a lower risk for prediabetes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mingzhuo Li, Miao Zhou, Yang Yang, Yafei Liu, Chaonan Yin, Wenting Geng, Chunxia Wang, Fang Tang, Yang Zhao, Fuzhong Xue, Xiubin Sun, Zhongshang Yuan
Summary: The study identified six distinct trajectories of systolic and diastolic hypertension, representing different stages of high blood pressure. Middle-aged and older adults with medium-increasing-decreasing or high-decreasing blood pressure trajectories may be critical periods for the development of coronary heart disease. Age, gender, drinking, body mass index, triglyceride, and fasting plasma glucose were independent predictors for trajectory groups 4 and 6.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kakoli Sen, Uma Sankar Mishra, Subhendu Patnaik, Bibhuti Bhusan Mishra
Summary: Employee performance achievement, job satisfaction, work-related stress reduction, and job insecurity minimization are the crucial concerns of human resource management. Work stress has become a prevailing factor in the contemporary work environment, and Indian workforce also experiences increased job insecurity. This study examines the impact of psychological capital (PsyCap) on stress, job satisfaction, job insecurity, and employee performance. Additionally, it investigates the ecological validity of PsyCap in the Indian socio-cultural system regarding employee performance and job satisfaction. The study surveyed 300 employees from private sector life insurance and telecom organizations. The findings indicate that PsyCap is positively associated with employee performance and job satisfaction, while negatively related to job insecurity and stress. The paper discusses managerial implications and provides theoretical contributions.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tea Teras, Suvi Rovio, Jaana Pentti, Jenny Head, Mika Kivimaki, Sari Stenholm
Summary: Increasing and decreasing sleep difficulties may be associated with accelerated decline in cognitive function during retirement transition and post-retirement.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mads Harslof, Kasper M. Pedersen, Shoaib Afzal, George Davey Smith, Borge G. Nordestgaard
Summary: This study used NMR spectroscopy to measure HDL particle counts in 30,195 Danish individuals and further subdivided them according to particle size. The study found that a decrease in the number of small and medium HDL particles was associated with an increased incidence and mortality of infectious diseases. This suggests that low levels of HDL cholesterol may affect the risk of infectious diseases.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Fernando Pires Hartwig, Linbo Wang, George Davey Smith, Neil Martin Davies
Summary: Instrumental variables (IVs) can be used to determine the causal effect of a treatment X on an outcome Y. Further assumptions, such as homogeneity in the causal effect of X on Y and no effect modification, are needed to identify the average causal effect (ACE) of X on Y. The assumption of no simultaneous heterogeneity is sufficient for identifying the ACE using IVs, even if other assumptions are violated.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Fergus W. Hamilton, Matt J. Thomas, David Arnold, Tom Palmer, Ed Moran, Alexander J. Mentzer, Nick Maskell, Kenneth M. Baillie, Charlotte Summers, Aroon Hingorani, Alasdair MacGowan, Golam M. J. Khandaker, Ruth Mitchell, George Davey Smith, Peter Ghazal, Nicholas J. Timpson
Summary: IL6R blockade is associated with a decreased risk of sepsis and improved survival, similar to its effect in severe COVID-19. Randomized controlled trials of IL-6 receptor antagonists in sepsis should be considered.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Grace Marion Power, Jonathan H. Tobias, Timothy M. Frayling, Jessica Tyrrell, April E. Hartley, Jon E. Heron, George Davey Smith, Tom G. Richardson
Summary: Using a lifecourse Mendelian randomisation approach, this study investigated the influence of body size on fracture risk. The results showed that larger body size in childhood reduces fracture risk, while larger body size in adulthood increases fracture risk.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Iain Mathieson, Felix R. Day, Nicola Barban, Felix C. Tropf, David M. Brazel, Ahmad Vaez, Natalie van Zuydam, Barbara D. Bitarello, Eugene J. Gardner, Evelina T. Akimova, Ajuna Azad, Sven Bergmann, Lawrence F. Bielak, Dorret Boomsma, Kristina Bosak, Marco Brumat, Julie E. Buring, David Cesarini, Daniel Chasman, Jorge E. Chavarro, Massimiliano Cocca, Maria Pina Concas, George Davey Smith, Gail Davies, Ian J. Deary, Tonu Esko, Jessica D. Faul, Oscar Franco, Andrea Ganna, Audrey J. Gaskins, Andrea Gelemanovic, Eco J. C. de Geus, Christian Gieger, Giorgia Girotto, Bamini Gopinath, Hans Joergen Grabe, Erica P. Gunderson, Caroline Hayward, Chunyan He, Diana van Heemst, W. David Hill, Eva R. Hoffmann, Georg Homuth, Jouke Jan Hottenga, Hongyang Huang, Elina Hyppoenen, M. Arfan Ikram, Rick Jansen, Magnus Johannesson, Zoha Kamali, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Maryam Kavousi, Annette Kifley, Tuomo Kiiskinen, Peter Kraft, Brigitte Kuehnel, Claudia Langenberg, Gerald Liew, Penelope A. Lind, Jian'an Luan, Reedik Magi, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Anubha Mahajan, Nicholas G. Martin, Hamdi Mbarek, Mark McCarthy, George McMahon, Sarah E. Medland, Thomas Meitinger, Andres Metspalu, Evelin Mihailov, Lili Milani, Stacey A. Missmer, Paul Mitchell, Stine Mollegaard, Dennis O. Mook-Kanamori, Anna Morgan, Peter van der Most, Renee de Mutsert, Matthias Nauck, Ilja M. Nolte, Raymond Noordam, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Annette Peters, Patricia A. Peyser, Ozren Polasek, Chris Power, Ajka Pribisalic, Paul Redmond, Janet W. Rich-Edwards, Paul M. Ridker, Cornelius A. Rietveld, Susan M. Ring, Lynda M. Rose, Rico Rueedi, Vallari Shukla, Jennifer A. Smith, Stasa Stankovic, Kari Stefansson, Doris Stoeckl, Konstantin Strauch, Morris A. Swertz, Alexander Teumer, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, A. Roy Thurik, Nicholas J. Timpson, Constance Turman, Andre G. Uitterlinden, Melanie Waldenberger, Nicholas J. Wareham, David R. Weir, Gonneke Willemsen, Jing Hau Zhao, Wei Zhao, Yajie Zhao, Harold Snieder, Marcel den Hoed, Ken K. Ong, Melinda C. Mills, John R. B. Perry
Summary: Identifying genetic determinants of reproductive success can reveal the mechanisms underlying fertility and identify genes that are currently under natural selection. A genome-wide association study on individuals of European ancestry identified 43 genomic loci associated with the number of children ever born or childlessness. These loci are involved in various aspects of reproductive biology, such as puberty timing, age at first birth, sex hormone regulation, endometriosis, and age at menopause. Additionally, missense variants in ARHGAP27 were found to be associated with higher number of children ever born but shorter reproductive lifespan, suggesting a trade-off at this locus. Other genes, including PIK3IP1, ZFP82, and LRP4, were also implicated by coding variants, and a new role for the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) in reproductive biology was suggested. Furthermore, integration with data from historical selection scans revealed an allele in the FADS1/2 gene locus that has been undergoing selection for thousands of years. These findings highlight the diverse biological mechanisms contributing to reproductive success.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Miranda Rogers, Dipender Gill, Emma Ahlqvist, Tim Robinson, Daniela Mariosa, Mattias Johansson, Ricardo Cortez Cardoso Penha, Laure Dossus, Marc J. Gunter, Victor Moreno, George Davey Smith, Richard M. Martin, James Yarmolinsky
Summary: Preclinical and genetic studies show that impaired GIPR signaling increases glycemic control difficulties and its relationship with cancer risk influenced by impaired glucose homeostasis is unclear. This study examines a variant in GIPR, rs1800437 (E354Q), which impairs long-term GIPR signaling, and its association with the risk of 6 cancers influenced by impaired glucose homeostasis. The results suggest that the E354Q variant is associated with higher risk of breast cancer and has adverse effects on glucose concentrations, insulin secretion, and testosterone concentrations.
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Pyry N. Sipila, Mika Kivimaki
Letter
Genetics & Heredity
Gibran Hemani, Apostolos Gkatzionis, Kate Tilling, George Davey Smith
GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Hannah C. M. Taylor, Nishi Chaturvedi, George Davey Smith, Diana L. S. Ferreira, Abigail Fraser, Laura D. Howe, Alun D. Hughes, Debbie A. Lawlor, Nic J. Timpson, Chloe M. Park
Summary: This study investigated the appropriate allometric scaling relationships between left ventricular mass (LVM) and height, total lean mass, and body surface area in healthy adolescents. The results suggest that pooled data without adjustment for sex may introduce bias in allometric scaling estimates. Clinicians should consider body size, body composition, sex, and age when assessing left ventricular mass.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kaitlin H. Wade, Fergus W. Hamilton, David Carslake, Naveed Sattar, George Davey Smith, Nicholas J. Timpson
Summary: Mendelian randomization (MR) is a commonly used method for strengthening causal inference by utilizing the properties of genetic variation. Nonlinear MR allows estimation of the shape of such relationships. In this study, the authors explore the utility and biases of these nonlinear MR methods using a negative control design.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Lucy Riglin, Andrew Todd, Rachel Blakey, Amy Shakeshaft, Evie Stergiakouli, George Davey Smith, Kate Tilling, Anita Thapar
Summary: This study found that persistent attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with negative social outcomes, such as being not in education, employment, or training (NEET) and receiving state benefits, at age 25. The findings emphasize the importance of continued monitoring and management of ADHD symptoms and related social and clinical outcomes throughout development into adulthood.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Daniel B. Rosoff, Lucas A. Mavromatis, Andrew S. Bell, Josephin Wagner, Jeesun Jung, Riccardo E. Marioni, George Davey Smith, Steve Horvath, Falk W. Lohoff
Summary: By analyzing multiple aging-related phenotypes, this study identified genetic variants and genes associated with aging. Furthermore, it discovered potential drug targets that could improve healthy aging. These findings will contribute to future research on aging and health.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Sarah Holmes Watkins, Christian Testa, Jarvis T. Chen, Immaculata De Vivo, Andrew J. Simpkin, Kate Tilling, Ana V. Diez Roux, George Davey Smith, Pamela D. Waterman, Matthew Suderman, Caroline Relton, Nancy Krieger
Summary: Epigenetic clocks are used to assess the impact of various phenotypes and exposures on healthy ageing, but little attention has been paid to the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants on whom these clocks are based. This review found that sociodemographic characteristics are generally poorly reported in the construction of commonly used epigenetic clocks. Clear reporting of participant characteristics is important to ensure the appropriateness of the model for other researchers.
ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Andrew Sommerlad, Mika Kivimaki, Eric B. Larson, Susanne Roehr, Kokoro Shirai, Archana Singh-Manoux, Gill Livingston
Summary: The increasing number of people with dementia globally highlights the urgent need to reduce its scale and impact. Lifetime social participation may play a crucial role in reducing dementia risk and could have implications for individual behavior and public health policy. However, more research is needed to fully understand the causal relationship.
