Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonie Schoch, Lina Badimon, Gemma Vilahur
Summary: Increasing doubt has been raised over the HDL-cholesterol hypothesis, with evidence pointing towards the complexity and molecular changes in HDL particles. Chemical modifications, compositional changes, and miRNA cargo have been identified as factors contributing to the ineffectiveness of HDL particles. Overcoming challenges is crucial to bringing hope to HDL-targeted approaches.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sara Pudas, Maria Josefsson, Annelie Nordin Adolfsson, Mattias Landfors, Karolina Kauppi, Line Marie Veng-Taasti, Magnus Hultdin, Rolf Adolfsson, Sofie Degerman
Summary: Shorter baseline LTL is associated with subsequent memory decline, but intra-individual changes in LTL may not be as informative of cognitive outcomes in aging. Long-term longitudinal evaluation of outcomes in biomarker research is essential.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shelby M. Flaherty, Elizabeth K. Wood, Carol D. Ryff, Gayle D. Love, Theodoros Kelesidis, Loni Berkowitz, Guadalupe Echeverria, Katherine Rivera, Attilio Rigotti, Christopher L. Coe
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive understanding of HDL function in a racially and metabolically diverse adult population, finding differences in HDLperox content among individuals with type 2 diabetes and nondiabetic white males.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Daniel Nettle, Shahinaz M. Gadalla, Tsung-Po Lai, Ezra Susser, Melissa Bateson, Abraham Aviv
Summary: Researchers are increasingly interested in testing hypotheses about the impact of environmental or disease exposures on telomere length through longitudinal study designs. While telomere length is usually measured with qPCR in population studies, differences in measurement error exist. Findings indicate that longitudinal analysis provides a greater statistical power gain for SB method compared to qPCR.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Daniel Nettle, Shahinaz M. Gadalla, Tsung-Po Lai, Ezra Susser, Melissa Bateson, Abraham Aviv
Summary: Research indicates that longitudinal study designs are more effective than cross-sectional studies in testing the impact of environmental or disease exposures on telomere length, reducing measurement errors. Results demonstrate that SB has greater statistical power than qPCR when measuring telomere length changes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Genki Kobayashi, Hiroshi Okada, Masahide Hamaguchi, Kazushiro Kurogi, Hiroaki Murata, Masato Ito, Michiaki Fukui
Summary: This study investigated the association between LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL/HDL ratio and the incidence of diabetes, and identified the cut-off values for incident diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chenyu Zhang, Sisi Fang, Haoyu Wang, Zhongyan Shan, Yaxin Lai
Summary: This study prospectively assessed the epidemiological characteristics of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in cities in Northeast China and explored the factors that affect the occurrence and outcome of MetS according to sex. The results showed that there are different risk factors for MetS in different genders, and hyperuricemia is a risk factor for the onset of MetS in both men and women.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yasuhiro Endo, Masanori Fujita, Katsunori Ikewaki
Summary: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in Western countries. Recent epidemiology studies have shown a U-shaped relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and CVD mortality, with increased mortality in patients with extremely high HDL-C levels. HDL-C raising therapy using nicotinic acids or CETP inhibitors has shown limited efficacy in reducing CVD events. As a result, the focus has shifted to evaluating HDL functionality as a novel biomarker for CVD risk. This review provides an overview of the current status and future perspectives on HDL functions, based on findings from basic research and clinical trials.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yume Mutsuda, Tsunehiro Miyakoshi, Yuna Horiuchi, Takahiro Kameda, Minoru Tozuka, Ryunosuke Ohkawa
Summary: During the past decade, the evaluation of HDL functionality has been extensively studied to predict cardiovascular disease risk. However, the use of cholesterol efflux capacity as a biomarker has faced technical challenges. A new method, using immobilized liposome-bound magnetic beads (ILMs), was developed as a replacement for the conventional method. The ILM method showed good performance and correlation with the previous method when evaluating the cholesterol efflux capacity of serum samples from healthy subjects.
BIOSCIENCE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Adrian Post, Erwin Garcia, Eke G. Gruppen, Daan Kremer, Margery A. Connelly, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Robin P. F. Dullaart
Summary: In euthyroid individuals, higher levels of FT3 are associated with higher total HDL particle concentration and lower HDL particle size. The associations with FT4 or TSH are less pronounced or not significant.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Pedro G. S. Braga, Fatima R. Freitas, Andre L. L. Bachi, Gislene R. Amirato, Roberta V. Baroni, Maria Janieire N. N. Alves, Rodolfo P. Vieira, Mauro W. Vaisberg, Marlene N. Aldin, Roberto Kalil Filho, Antonio M. Figueiredo Neto, Nagila R. T. Damasceno, Thauany M. Tavoni, Raul C. Maranhao, Zhen Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effects of regular physical activity on two important functions of HDL, namely cholesterol reception and antioxidant capacity. The results showed that active individuals had higher HDL-C levels, better cholesterol transfer, and more HDL subfractions compared to inactive individuals. Age did not have a significant effect on these functions.
Review
Cell Biology
Manuela Casula, Ornella Colpani, Sining Xie, Alberico L. Catapano, Andrea Baragetti
Summary: Recent studies on the role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in cardiovascular disease have found a complex U-shaped relationship between HDL levels and cardiovascular mortality risk. Additionally, genetic studies, Mendelian randomization approaches, and clinical trials have challenged the traditional notion of a causal link between HDL-C levels and cardiovascular protection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sebastien Tanaka, Christian De Tymowski, Nathalie Zappella, Aurelie Snauwaert, Tiphaine Robert, Brice Lortat-Jacob, Yves Castier, Alexy Tran-Dinh, Parvine Tashk, Donia Bouzid, Marylou Para, Quentin Pellenc, Enora Atchade, Olivier Meilhac, Philippe Montravers
Summary: The study found that ICU patients requiring ECMO had lower lipoprotein levels upon admission, especially in septic patients, but these levels were not associated with mortality. Over time, septic patients had significantly lower HDL-C concentrations during ICU hospitalization compared to non-septic patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sara Sokooti, Jose L. Flores-Guerrero, Lyanne M. Kieneker, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink, Margery A. Connelly, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Robin P. F. Dullaart
Summary: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles of larger size and lower levels of H4P are associated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), while higher levels of H2P are associated with a higher risk. Additionally, large HDL particles and H6P are inversely associated with T2D in nonobese individuals.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia T. Stadler, Hubert Scharnagl, Christian Wadsack, Gunther Marsche
Summary: Preeclampsia is associated with increased cardiovascular risk for both mother and child. This study investigated the effects of preeclampsia on lipid metabolism, HDL composition, and function in mothers and neonates. Preeclampsia was linked to dyslipidemia in mothers, including high triglycerides and low HDL-cholesterol levels. Mothers with preeclampsia showed shifts in HDL subclasses and increased levels of HDL-associated apolipoprotein C-II. Neonates born to mothers with preeclampsia had increased total cholesterol levels and reduced HDL cholesterol efflux capacity. These findings suggest that preeclampsia affects both maternal and neonatal lipoprotein metabolism.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Glenn Flores, Fernando Mendoza, Michael B. Brimacombe, Willie Frazier
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of the RAPID program on supporting and advancing diverse early-career faculty in general pediatrics, finding that the program was effective in promoting career development and increasing the performance and influence of underrepresented minority scholars in academia.
Article
Neurosciences
Sylvia Ounpuu, Erin Garibay, Gyula Acsadi, Michael Brimacombe, Kristan Pierz
Summary: The study showed that ankle foot orthoses can improve walking velocity and selected ankle kinematics and kinetics in children with CMT. However, the effectiveness of AFOs may vary for patients with different ankle kinematic characteristics.
Article
Orthopedics
Lilah Fones, Andrew E. Jimenez, Chris Cheng, Nicole Chevalier, Michael B. Brimacombe, Andrew Cohen, J. Lee Pace
Summary: This study analyzed the incidence of osteochondral damage in patients with patellar instability, finding a significant association between trochlear dysplasia and the occurrence of OD. However, the frequency of dislocation and patient demographic characteristics were not significantly related to OD.
ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jeffrey S. Hyams, Michael Brimacombe, Yael Haberman, Thomas Walters, Greg Gibson, Angela Mo, David Mack, Anne Griffiths, Brendan Boyle, Neal LeLeiko, James Markowitz, Joel Rosh, Ashish Patel, Sapana Shah, Robert Baldassano, Marian Pfefferkorn, Cary Sauer, Joelynn Dailey, Suresh Venkateswaran, Subra Kugathasan, Lee A. Denson
Summary: This study developed a model for predicting the risk of colectomy in children newly diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. The findings suggest that a small group of children with severe UC still require colectomy despite current therapies. The gene signature observations provide additional targets for managing patients who do not respond to current medical treatments.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Joelynn Dailey, Lina Kozhaya, Mikail Dogan, Dena Hopkins, Blaine Lapin, Katherine Herbst, Michael Brimacombe, Kristen Grandonico, Faith Karabacak, John Schreiber, Bruce Tsan-Liang Liang, Juan C. Salazar, Derya Unutmaz, Jeffrey S. Hyams
Summary: The study found that IBD patients receiving biologic therapies have lower and less durable neutralizing antibody response to natural infection with SARS-CoV-2, putting them at risk of reinfection. However, after vaccination, patients had a significantly stronger antibody response to SARS-CoV-2, indicating potential protection against the virus.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Timothy T. Phamduy, Sharon Smith, Katherine W. Herbst, Paul T. Phamduy, Michael Brimacombe, Alexander H. Hogan, Juan C. Salazar, Jesse Sturm
Summary: The study found a decrease in pediatric KD hospitalizations in the US in 2020, but an increase in the proportion of severe cases. The median age of children hospitalized with KD also increased. The research suggests a potential rise in KD cases as social distancing policies are lifted.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Kristan Pierz, Michael Brimacombe, Sylvia Ounpuu
Summary: Percutaneous hamstring lengthening significantly improves knee function in children with cerebral palsy, but may result in increased anterior pelvic tilt specifically for patients at GMFCS level III.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Katherine Baldwin, Alexa Goldfarb, Michael Brimacombe, Dena Hopkins, Jeffrey S. Hyams
Summary: This study assessed the effectiveness of methotrexate (MTX) as primary maintenance therapy in pediatric Crohn disease (CD) and identified baseline predictive factors. The results showed that MTX may have a primary maintenance role in mild/moderate CD and is well tolerated in most patients.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Shikha Sarkar, Michael Brimacombe, Victor Herson
Summary: This study retrospectively observed the use of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and cryoprecipitate (CRYO) in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and found that a large proportion of transfusions were not supported by evidence-based medicine, indicating the need for improvement in their use.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Raina Sinha, Michael Brimacombe, Jennifer C. Romano
Summary: This study aimed to assess the impact of gender on surgeons in the field of congenital heart surgery. A cross-sectional survey found that women experience more barriers and negative effects of gender in their professional career, clinical practice, and personal life compared to men. Women reported lower salaries, academic ranks, and higher rates of sexual harassment.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
J. Lee Pace, Mauricio Drummond, Michael Brimacombe, Chris Cheng, David Chiu, S. Brandon Luczak, Jeffrey B. Shroff, Francine Zeng, Greg M. Kanski, Rafael Kakazu, Andrew Cohen
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between relative tibial external rotation and trochlear dysplasia, as well as the location of the trochlear groove and tibial tubercle in patients with and without patellar instability. The results show that relative tibial external rotation is significantly associated with trochlear dysplasia and that the position of the trochlear groove is more medial in patients with patellar instability. The study also finds that the tibial tubercle to trochlear groove distance is associated with multiple anatomical measurements.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Kimberley Roche, Siddika Mulchan, Lauren Ayr-Volta, Megan Elias, Michael Brimacombe, Cecelia Morello, Katherine A. Hinderer
Summary: This study assessed the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of two psychological interventions on pediatric healthcare workers' mental well-being. The results showed that both gratitude journaling and cognitive strategies were associated with reduced depression and anxiety scores, although the changes were not statistically significant. This study highlights the importance of improving the mental health of healthcare workers, but further research with larger samples is needed.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC HEALTH CARE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Medicine, General & Internal
K. Schissler, S. Stewart, T. Phamduy, M. Brimacombe, I. Waynik, E. Hoppa
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Allergy
Jessica Hollenbach, Melanie Collins, Michael Brimacombe, Alexander Hogan
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Alexander H. Hogan, Michael Brimacombe, Maua Mosha, Glenn Flores
Summary: This study compares traditional models and artificial neural-network modeling and finds that the neural network model can identify more readmission risk factors and complex factor interactions.
ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS
(2022)