Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Atinc Cagan Sengul, Cora Dvorkin
Summary: Strong gravitational lensing is a valuable tool for detecting dark low-mass (sub)haloes, which can be used to test different dark matter scenarios.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nicola C. Amorisco, James Nightingale, Qiuhan He, Aristeidis Amvrosiadis, Xiaoyue Cao, Shaun Cole, Amy Etherington, Carlos S. Frenk, Ran Li, Richard Massey, Andrew Robertson
Summary: This article investigates the detectability of low-mass dark matter haloes in warm dark matter models. The authors find that haloes are harder to detect when they are either behind or in front of the lens. Furthermore, the perturbing effect of haloes increases with their concentration, and accounting for the scatter in the mass-concentration relation can significantly boost the expected number of detections.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Veronica Dike, Daniel Gilman, Tommaso Treu
Summary: Researchers use Bayesian methods to constrain the mass and mass fraction of primordial black holes (PBHs) using the flux ratios of quadruply imaged quasars. They find that the mass of PBHs ranges from 10^4 to 10^6 solar masses, with an upper limit on the mass fraction of 0.17.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Conor M. O'Riordan, Giulia Despali, Simona Vegetti, Mark R. Lovell, Angeles Moline
Summary: We present a machine learning method to estimate the sensitivity of strong lens observations to dark matter subhaloes. Our findings show that, with a 3 sigma detection threshold, 2.35% of pixels inside twice the Einstein radius are sensitive to subhaloes with a mass M-max <= 10^10M(?), 0.03% are sensitive to M-max <= 10^9M(?), and the limit of sensitivity is found to be M-max=10^(8.8 +/- 0.2)M(?). In addition, we expect Euclid to detect around 2500 new subhaloes from 170,000 new strong lens detections.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Pierre Fleury, Julien Larena, Jean-Philippe Uzan
Summary: This article introduces a new theoretical framework to model line-of-sight effects in strong-gravitational-lensing systems, with promising applications. The approach relies on the dominant-lens approximation and allows for modeling any sub-critical perturbation. The proposed method can extract a specific notion of line-of-sight shear from strong-lensing images and investigate distortions of critical curves under these effects, providing valuable insights for understanding the large-scale structure and dark-matter halo profiles of the Universe.
JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
K. Rojas, E. Savary, B. Clement, M. Maus, F. Courbin, C. Lemon, J. H. H. Chan, G. Vernardos, R. Joseph, R. Canameras, A. Galan
Summary: In this study, a large sample of luminous red galaxies was screened using convolutional neural networks to identify strong lens candidates. A total of 186 new lens candidates were discovered, with 90 of them selected for further analysis, showing promising results in color deblending and automated modeling testing.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Kevin E. Andrade, Jackson Fuson, Sophia Gad-Nasr, Demao Kong, Quinn Minor, M. Grant Roberts, Manoj Kaplinghat
Summary: By analysing strongly lensed images in eight galaxy clusters, researchers were able to constrain the self-interaction cross-section of dark matter particles. The results suggest that in the observed eight clusters, the self-interaction cross-section over mass is less than 0.13 cm2 g-1 at the 95% confidence level.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Marceau Limousin, Benjamin Beauchesne, Eric Jullo
Summary: This study conducted a parametric strong-lensing analysis on three massive galaxy clusters, revealing the existence of core mass models in these clusters. By introducing a mild perturbation in the form of B-spline potentials, a good fit was obtained and core mass models were favored.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Daniel Gilman, Jo Bovy, Tommaso Treu, Anna Nierenberg, Simon Birrer, Andrew Benson, Omid Sameie
Summary: Core formation and runaway core collapse in models with self-interacting dark matter significantly change the density profiles of collapsed haloes. Strong gravitational lenses in quadruple image systems can be used to detect the unique properties of SIDM haloes and constrain the interaction cross-section. Predictions suggest that self-interactions at low velocities and the structure of SIDM on sub-galactic scales can be studied using compact sources and constraining the amplitude and velocity dependence of the interaction cross-section.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ryan E. Keeley, Anna M. Nierenberg, Daniel Gilman, Simon Birrer, Andrew Benson, Tommaso Treu
Summary: One frontier in the study of dark matter is the use of strong gravitational lenses to analyze the population of small dark matter haloes. A large amount of information can be obtained from these lens images, and the question is how to refine this information. In this study, we assess the detectability of a mixed warm and cold dark matter scenario using the anomalous flux ratio method. By examining the halo mass function, we find that the warm dark matter model and the mixed dark matter model can be distinguished with a set of lenses, indicating different forms of suppression in the halo mass function.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Qiuhan He, Andrew Robertson, James Nightingale, Shaun Cole, Carlos S. Frenk, Richard Massey, Aristeidis Amvrosiadis, Ran Li, Xiaoyue Cao, Amy Etherington
Summary: The article investigates the feasibility of using forward modeling to extract information about low-mass dark matter haloes from strong lens observations. By mock observations, the mass of dark matter particles can be constrained, potentially impacting future cosmogony models.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Noemi Anau Montel, Adam Coogan, Camila Correa, Konstantin Karchev, Christoph Weniger
Summary: Precision analysis of galaxy-galaxy strong gravitational lensing images provides a unique way of characterizing small-scale dark matter haloes, and a method combining parametric lensing models and a neural simulation-based inference technique can directly constrain the warm dark matter halo mass function cut-off scale from multiple lensing images.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Elizabeth J. Gonzalez, Kai Hoffmann, Enrique Gaztanaga, Diego R. Garcia Lambas, Pablo Fosalba, Martin Crocce, Francisco J. Castander, Martin Makler
Summary: This study tests the recovery of halo cluster shapes and masses using weak-lensing stacking techniques. The results show that when considering the relaxation state of haloes, the lensing semi-axial ratio estimates are consistent within 5% with the mean shapes of the projected dark-matter particle distribution of the stacked haloes.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shuo Cao, Jingzhao Qi, Marek Biesiada, Tonghua Liu, Jin Li, Zong-Hong Zhu
Summary: A new strategy proposed in the study suggests examining the fluid shear viscosity of dark matter through the observation of gravitational waves, with potential success in detecting dark matter self-interactions on scales of galaxies and clusters using future ground-based Einstein Telescope and satellite GW observatory.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
B. W. Holwerda, S. Knabel, J. E. Thorne, S. Bellstedt, M. Siudek, L. J. M. Davies
Summary: In this study, we present a catalogue of blended spectra in the DEVILS data release. Out of 23,197 spectra, 181 showed signs of a blend of redshifts and spectral templates. We examined these blends, and identified nine strong gravitational lensing candidates. By visually examining the Hubble Space Telescope images, we found useful overlapping galaxy pairs.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Anne-Marlene Ruede, Marc-Andre Chavy-Macdonald, Jean-Paul Kneib, Jeffrey Huang
Summary: New space mission profiles are driven by reduced launch prices, miniaturization of electronics and the maturation of on-orbit servicing technologies. The field of space logistics aims to optimize multi-node material-flow networks, but existing tools do not address the challenge of generating and comparing mission concepts systematically. A novel approach using pattern languages shows potential in supporting complex space mission concept generation.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Joseph Harry Silber, Parker Fagrelius, Kevin Fanning, Michael Schubnell, Jessica Nicole Aguilar, Steven Ahlen, Jon Ameel, Otger Ballester, Charles Baltay, Chris Bebek, Dominic Benton Beard, Robert Besuner, Laia Cardiel-Sas, Ricard Casas, Francisco Javier Castander, Todd Claybaugh, Carl Dobson, Yutong Duan, Patrick Dunlop, Jerry Edelstein, William T. Emmet, Ann Elliott, Matthew Evatt, Irena Gershkovich, Julien Guy, Stu Harris, Henry Heetderks, Ian Heetderks, Klaus Honscheid, Jose Maria Illa, Patrick Jelinsky, Sharon R. Jelinsky, Jorge Jimenez, Armin Karcher, Stephen Kent, David Kirkby, Jean-Paul Kneib, Andrew Lambert, Mike Lampton, Daniela Leitner, Michael Levi, Jeremy McCauley, Aaron Meisner, Timothy N. Miller, Ramon Miquel, Julia Mundet, Claire Poppett, David Rabinowitz, Kevin Reil, David Roman, David Schlegel, Santiago Serrano, William Van Shourt, David Sprayberry, Gregory Tarle, Suk Sien Tie, Curtis Weaverdyck, Kai Zhang, Marco Azzaro, Stephen Bailey, Santiago Becerril, Tami Blackwell, Mohamed Bouri, David Brooks, Elizabeth Buckley-Geer, Jose Penate Castro, Mark Derwent, Arjun Dey, Govinda Dhungana, Peter Doel, Daniel J. Eisenstein, Nasib Fahim, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Enrique Gaztanaga, Satya Gontcho A. Gontcho, Gaston Gutierrez, Philipp Horler, Robert Kehoe, Theodore Kisner, Anthony Kremin, Luzius Kronig, Martin Landriau, Laurent Le Guillou, Paul Martini, John Moustakas, Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille, Xiyan Peng, Will Percival, Francisco Prada, Carlos Allende Prieto, Guillermo Gonzalez de Rivera, Eusebio Sanchez, Justo Sanchez, Ray Sharples, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Edward Schlafly, Benjamin Alan Weaver, Zhimin Zhou, Yaling Zhu, Hu Zou
Summary: In 2019, a system of 5020 robotic fiber positioners was installed on the Mayall Telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory. These robots automatically retarget their optical fibers every 10-20 minutes with high precision, enabling the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) to measure the spectra of 35 million galaxies and quasars. The system includes other components such as guide cameras, wave front cameras, fiducial point sources, and a metrology camera, and contains over 675,000 individual parts.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. Z. Liu, X. M. Meng, X. Z. Er, Z. H. Fan, M. Kilbinger, G. L. Li, R. Li, T. Schrabback, D. Scognamiglio, H. Y. Shan, C. Tao, Y. S. Ting, J. Zhang, S. H. Cheng, S. Farrens, L. P. Fu, H. Hildebrandt, X. Kang, J. P. Kneib, X. K. Liu, Y. Mellier, R. Nakajima, P. Schneider, J. L. Starck, C. L. Wei, A. H. Wright, H. Zhan
Summary: This study aims to explore the complementarity between two upcoming space missions, Euclid and the China Space Station Telescope (CSST), and maximize their scientific outcomes. By combining data from multiple telescopes, including CSST, Euclid, and ground-based observatories, we analyze photometric redshift measurements and consider the advantages of combining space observational data in simplifying image deblending.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Youngsoo Park, Tomomi Sunayama, Masahiro Takada, Yosuke Kobayashi, Hironao Miyatake, Surhud More, Takahiro Nishimichi, Sunao Sugiyama
Summary: We propose a novel analysis method for cluster cosmology that includes an empirical model for anisotropic boosts affecting the lensing and clustering signals of optical clusters. We validate our analysis through a blind cosmology challenge and obtain tight and unbiased cosmological constraints. Applying our analysis on the SDSS redMaPPer clusters, we find results favoring low omega(m) and high sigma(8).
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Thomas M. Jackson, Anna Pasquali, Francesco La Barbera, Surhud More, Eva K. Grebel
Summary: We examine the stellar mass density and color profiles of a sample of 118 central galaxies at low redshift. We find evidence of minor mergers, supporting the idea that these mergers drive the growth of quiescent galaxies. Using imaging data and SED fitting, we construct spatially resolved radial profiles. Our analysis reveals tidal features in about 42% of the sample, a diffuse stellar halo in 43%, and no features in 14%. We observe a flattening of the profile in the outskirts, providing further support for the role of minor mergers.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ayan Mitra, Richard Kessler, Surhud More, Renee Hlozek, LSST Dark Energy Sci Collaboration
Summary: We conducted a cosmology analysis on simulated Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) to evaluate the improvement by including photometric host galaxy redshifts compared to spectroscopic redshifts. The analysis included light-curve fitting, simulation for bias correction, and cosmology fitting. Including events with SN+host photo-z resulted in more precise distances, extended redshift range in the Hubble diagram, and increased figure of merit for dark energy. The average bias on cosmological parameters was consistent with zero.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Guillaume Mahler, Mathilde Jauzac, Johan Richard, Benjamin Beauchesne, Harald Ebeling, David Lagattuta, Priyamvada Natarajan, Keren Sharon, Hakim Atek, Adelaide Claeyssens, Benjamin Clement, Dominique Eckert, Alastair Edge, Jean-Paul Kneib, Anna Niemiec
Summary: Exploiting the achromatic nature of gravitational lensing, a lens model for the massive galaxy cluster SMACS J0723 is presented, which greatly improves upon previous work. The model uses strong-lensing constraints identified in Hubble Space Telescope observations and newly discovered multiple-image systems from JWST data. The resulting lens model maps the cluster mass distribution with high precision and reveals the need for an additional, diffuse component west of the cluster. The study demonstrates the power of combining HST and JWST data for studying structure formation and evolution in the distant universe.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Andrei Variu, Cheng Zhao, Daniel Forero-Sanchez, Chia-Hsun Chuang, Francisco-Shu Kitaura, Charling Tao, Amelie Tamone, Jean-Paul Kneib
Summary: Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations (BAOs) studies based on the clustering of voids and matter tracers provide important constraints on cosmological parameters, but modelling the void exclusion effect is a challenge. Two numerical methods are developed to describe the clustering of cosmic voids, without requiring additional cosmological information. These models show strong correlation with the Alcock-Paczynski (α) parameter and are more favored compared to the parabolic model according to Bayesian evidence. They can describe void clustering from both light-cones and boxes, and are resilient against systematic effects.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Damien Korber, Michele Bianco, Emma Tolley, Jean-Paul Kneib
Summary: With the advent of SKAO, the Epoch of Reionization can be observed directly by mapping the distribution of neutral hydrogen. We introduce PINION, a Physics-Informed neural Network that accurately and swiftly predicts the 4D hydrogen fraction evolution using pre-computed N-body simulation. PINION is trained on C-2-Ray simulation outputs and can accurately predict the reionization history between z=6 and 12.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
William D. d'Assignies, Cheng Zhao, Jiaxi Yu, Jean-Paul Kneib
Summary: Next-generation spectroscopic surveys, such as MegaMapper, MUST, MSE, and WST, are expected to significantly increase the number of galaxy and quasar redshift measurements. Using a Fisher matrix analysis, we find that these surveys can achieve high precision for baryonic acoustic oscillation (BAO) and redshift-space distortion (RSD) parameters, as well as accurately measure non-Gaussianity (NG) and total neutrino mass (M-nu). By optimizing survey strategies, we show that observing large volumes is crucial for f(NL) and M-nu measurements. Increasing the number of fibers improves M-nu measurement but has little effect on f(NL).
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Brenda L. Frye, Massimo Pascale, Nicholas Foo, Reagen Leimbach, Nikhil Garuda, Paulina Soto Robles, Jake Summers, Carlos Diaz, Patrick Kamieneski, Lukas J. Furtak, Seth H. Cohen, Jose Diego, Benjamin Beauchesne, Rogier A. Windhorst, S. P. Willner, Anton M. Koekemoer, Adi Zitrin, Gabriel Caminha, Karina I. Caputi, Dan Coe, Christopher J. Conselice, Liang Dai, Herve Dole, Simon P. Driver, Norman A. Grogin, Kevin Harrington, Rolf A. Jansen, Jean-Paul Kneib, Matt Lehnert, James Lowenthal, Madeline A. Marshall, Felipe Menanteau, Belen Alcalde Pampliega, Nor Pirzkal, Mari Polletta, Johan Richard, Aaron Robotham, Russell E. Ryan, Michael J. Rutkowski, Christobal Sifon, Scott Tompkins, Daniel Wang, Haojing Yan, Min S. Yun
Summary: The massive galaxy cluster El Gordo (z = 0.87) produces multiple gravitationally lensed arcs that are captured in images taken by James Webb Space Telescope Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam). By combining data from the Hubble Space Telescope and NIRCam, new photometric redshifts are obtained, and a lens model based on 56 image multiplicities identifies the two main mass components of the cluster. The study also discovers a new member of a previously known galaxy group at z = 4.32.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Edward Ashton, Chan-Kao Chang, Ying-Tung Chen, Matthew J. Lehner, Shiang-Yu Wang, Mike Alexandersen, Young-Jun Choi, Wesley C. Fraser, A. Paula Contreras, Takashi Ito, Youngmin JeongAhn, Jianghui Ji, J. J. Kavelaars, Myung-Jin M. Kim, Samantha M. Lawler, Jian Li, Zhong-Yi Lin, Patryk Sofia Lykawka, Hong-Kyu Moon, Surhud More, Marco A. Munoz-Gutierrez, Keiji Ohtsuki, Rosemary E. Pike, Tsuyoshi Terai, Seitaro Urakawa, Fumi Yoshida, Hui Zhang, Haibin Zhao, Ji-Lin Zhou
Summary: From the initial phase of the FOSSIL survey, 29 TNOs with periodic lightcurves were identified, including a candidate for a close/contact binary and a potential TNO with the fastest spin rate. A weak correlation between absolute magnitude and lightcurve amplitude was also observed.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zeyang Sun, Pengjie Zhang, Fuyu Dong, Ji Yao, Huanyuan Shan, Eric Jullo, Jean-Paul Kneib, Boyan Yin
Summary: In certain cases of astronomical data analysis, the meaningful physical quantity to extract is the ratio R between two data sets. Based on Bayesian analysis and the usual assumption of Gaussian error in the data, an analytical expression of the posterior probability density function P(R) is derived. This result enables fast and unbiased R measurement, with minimal statistical errors.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Preetish K. Mishra, Divya Rana, Surhud More
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between stellar mass and the size of galaxies in relation to the radius of dark matter halos using weak gravitational lensing measurements. The findings suggest that the ratio of galaxy size to halo radius remains constant over a certain range of stellar mass, but shows a decreasing trend in low-mass galaxies. This calls for either modifications to models explaining the sizes of dwarf galaxies or a better understanding of dark matter halos in low-mass galaxies.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Correction
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Damien Korber, Michele Bianco, Emma Tolley, Jean-Paul Kneib
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)