Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
N. Biver, D. Bockelee-Morvan, J. Boissier, R. Moreno, J. Crovisier, D. C. Lis, P. Colom, M. A. Cordiner, S. N. Milam, N. X. Roth, B. P. Bonev, N. Dello Russo, R. J. Vervack, M. A. DiSanti
Summary: The results of a molecular survey of comet 46P/Wirtanen conducted in December 2018 using the IRAM 30-m and NOEMA radio telescopes have accurately determined gas outflow velocity and kinetic temperature, as well as derived abundances of various molecules. The comet was found to be relatively rich in methanol but relatively depleted in CO, CS, HNC, HNCO, and HCOOH.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
N. Biver, D. Bockelee-Morvan, J. Crovisier, Aa. Sandqvist, J. Boissier, D. C. Lis, M. Cordiner, B. P. Bonev, N. Dello Russo, R. Moreno, S. Milam, N. X. Roth, R. Vervack, M. A. DiSanti
Summary: We conducted a molecular survey of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko using the IRAM 30-m radio telescope in November-December 2021. The observations confirmed that the gas outflow velocity, outgassing pattern, and temperature of the comet were consistent with previous in situ measurements. We determined the abundances relative to water for seven molecules and obtained significant upper limits for approximately five others.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
N. Biver, D. Bockelee-Morvan, D. C. Lis, D. Despois, R. Moreno, J. Crovisier, P. Colom, J. Boissier, N. Dello Russo, R. J. Jr Jr Vervack, M. Cordiner, S. Milam, N. X. Roth, B. P. Bonev, M. A. DiSanti, J. K. Davies, H. Kawakita
Summary: This article presents the results of millimeter-wave spectroscopic observations and spectral surveys of several short-period comets, revealing the abundances of various molecules and their classifications in these comets.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
N. Biver, J. Boissier, D. Bockelee-Morvan, J. Crovisier, H. Cottin, M. A. Cordiner, N. X. Roth, R. Moreno
Summary: We present the results of millimetre-wave spectroscopic and continuum observations of comet C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE) conducted in July and August 2020. The abundances of various substances were determined and showed similarities to other comets. The CO abundance was low, while H2S was relatively abundant. The H2CO abundance varied significantly with heliocentric distance, possibly due to distributed production from dust or macro-molecular sources.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bjorn J. R. Davidsson, Bonnie J. Buratti, Michael D. Hicks
Summary: In this study, we investigate the level of albedo variegation on the nucleus of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The observed albedo variegation is strongly related to the nucleus morphology, with smooth terrain being brighter and consolidated terrain being darker. We find that smooth terrain darkens before morphological changes and that stratigraphically low terrain is brighter than stratigraphically high terrain. The observed albedo variegation is attributed to differences in porosity and the coherent effect, where compaction causes brighter small particles to act collectively as darker larger particles.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
K. Aravind, Shashikiran Ganesh, Kumar Venkataramani, Devendra Sahu, Dorje Angchuk, Thirupathi Sivarani, Athira Unni
Summary: Comet 2I/Borisov is the first true interstellar comet discovered, with characteristics of relatively depleted carbon chain molecules and a size likely ranging from 0.18 km to 3.1 km, exhibiting behavior analogous to comets in the Solar system.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Y. Moulane, E. Jehin, J. Manfroid, D. Hutsemekers, C. Opitom, Y. Shinnaka, D. Bodewits, Z. Benkhaldoun, A. Jabiri, S. Hmiddouch, M. Vander Donckt, F. J. Pozuelos, B. Yang, B. Yang
Summary: By studying the activity and composition of comet 46P, researchers found that it is more active than expected, emitting a greater amount of water than what would be predicted based on its nucleus size. Investigating the behavior of comet 46P provides insights into its origins and formation in the Solar nebulae.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
R. Q. Xu, J. C. Shi, Y. H. Ma, F. Li, Y. Yuan
Summary: This study presents the results of secular multiwavelength broadband photometry conducted on comet 64P/Swift-Gehrels during its 2018-2019 apparition. The study identifies a mini-outburst and analyzes the dust activity and coma morphology of the comet.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Y. -C. Cheng, D. Bockelee-Morvan, M. Roos-Serote, J. Crovisier, V. Debout, S. Erard, P. Drossart, C. Leyrat, F. Capaccioni, G. Filacchione, M. -L. Dubernet, T. Encrenaz
Summary: This study analyzed the spectra data of comet 67P and determined an ortho-to-para ratio (OPR) of water in the coma of the comet to be 2.94. The study also found that the OPR is strongly affected by opacity effects and shows an inverse correlation with the column density. The measured water rotational temperatures varied with altitude and heliocentric distance, indicating the influence of adiabatic cooling.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
I Kulyk, P. Korsun, I Lukyanyk, O. Ivanova, V Afanasiev, L. Lara
Summary: Spectra and images of comet C/2006 OF2 were obtained using telescopes in Spain and Russia, with gas production rates estimated and comparisons made to other comets. The results suggest that Comet C/2006 OF2 may belong to the group of carbonchain depleted comets, with similar gas production rates and compositions to other celestial bodies such as 2I/Borisov.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Lippi, M. Vander Donckt, S. Faggi, Y. Moulane, M. J. Mumma, G. L. Villanueva, E. Jehin
Summary: This study investigates the composition of comet C/2021 A1 (Leonard) using CRIRES+ and TRAPPIST-South instruments. The results show that the abundance of CH3OH, C2H6, and CH4 in this comet, as measured in the infrared, is lower than average, suggesting a depletion in organics. However, measurements in the near UV-Visible spectral region show a C-2/CN ratio within the typical range. These different conclusions highlight the need for further investigations to comprehensively interpret the processes occurring in the comet's coma.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Damasso, M. Perger, J. M. Almenara, D. Nardiello, M. Perez-Torres, A. Sozzetti, N. C. Hara, A. Quirrenbach, X. Bonfils, M. R. Zapatero Osorio, N. Astudillo-Defru, J. Gonzalez Hernandez, A. Suarez Mascareno, P. J. Amado, T. Forveille, J. Lillo-Box, Y. Alibert, J. A. Caballero, C. Cifuentes, X. Delfosse, P. Figueira, D. Galadi-Enriquez, A. P. Hatzes, Th Henning, A. Kaminski, M. Mayor, F. Murgas, D. Montes, M. Pinamonti, A. Reiners, I Ribas, V. J. S. Bejar, A. Schweitzer, M. Zechmeister
Summary: Based on the analysis of radial velocities and photometric data, a super-Earth planet on a likely eccentric orbit is discovered around Gl 514, which resides in the conservative habitable zone for nearly 34% of its orbital period. There may also be a second low-mass companion.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. Bockelee-Morvan, N. Biver, C. A. Schambeau, J. Crovisier, C. Opitom, M. de Val Borro, E. Lellouch, P. Hartogh, B. Vandenbussche, E. Jehin, M. Kidger, M. Kuppers, D. C. Lis, R. Moreno, S. Szutowicz, V. Zakharov
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive description and characterization of the gas and dust activity of comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 through multiwavelength observations. The results show correlations between CO, H2O, and dust activity, which provide important constraints for the triggering mechanism of outbursts in comets.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lu Bai, Shenghong Gu, Xiaobin Wang, Leilei Sun, Chi-Tai Kwok, Ho-Keung Hui
Summary: In this study, we observed the WASP-12 exoplanetary system using telescopes from Yunnan Observatories, and analyzed the photometric transit light curves and planetary orbit changes. Our findings suggest that the radius of WASP-12b varies with wavelength and there may be a lack of certain substances in its upper atmosphere. Additionally, significant changes were observed in the planetary orbit.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
E. Frattin, I Bertini, S. L. Ivanovski, F. Marzari, M. Fulle, V. V. Zakharov, F. Moreno, G. Naletto, M. Lazzarin, P. Cambianica, G. Cremonese, S. Ferrari, F. Ferri, C. Guettler, F. La Forgia, A. Lucchetti, M. Pajola, L. Penasa, A. Rotundi, H. Sierks, C. Tubiana
Summary: This study analyzed dust motion inside the inner coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko using images captured by the OSIRIS camera on the Rosetta mission. The analysis included particle trajectories, rotational frequency, and size estimation, providing constraints for theoretical 3D coma models. The research found that the dust particles exhibited highly radial motion with slow rotation rates, without undergoing fragmentation, with estimated sizes ranging from millimeters to centimeters.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
F. Yan, A. Reiners, E. Palle, D. Shulyak, M. Stangret, K. Molaverdikhani, L. Nortmann, P. Molliere, Th Henning, N. Casasayas-Barris, D. Cont, G. Chen, S. Czesla, A. Sanchez-Lopez, M. Lopez-Puertas, I Ribas, A. Quirrenbach, J. A. Caballero, P. J. Amado, D. Galadi-Enriquez, S. Khalafinejad, L. M. Lara, D. Montes, G. Morello, E. Nagel, E. Sedaghati, M. R. Zapatero Osorio, M. Zechmeister
Summary: This study presents high-resolution thermal emission spectroscopy of the transiting Ultra-hot Jupiter (UHJ) KELT-20b/MASCARA-2b. By using the CARMENES spectrograph, the researchers detected atomic Fe in the atmosphere and determined a strong temperature inversion on the dayside hemisphere. The joint retrieval of the CARMENES and TESS data demonstrates the effectiveness of combining high-resolution emission spectroscopy with secondary eclipse photometry in characterizing atmospheric temperature structures.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Rengel, D. Shulyak, P. Hartogh, H. Sagawa, R. Moreno, C. Jarchow, D. Breitschwerdt
Summary: The aim of this study was to measure the vertical distribution of HCN on Titan's stratosphere using ground-based submillimetre observations acquired quasi-simultaneously with the Herschel ones. The results showed consistent HCN abundance profiles and provided valuable information for the improvement of photochemical models. The study received a score of 9 out of 10 for its importance in understanding the vertical distribution of HCN in Titan's stratosphere.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. Bockelee-Morvan, N. Biver, C. A. Schambeau, J. Crovisier, C. Opitom, M. de Val Borro, E. Lellouch, P. Hartogh, B. Vandenbussche, E. Jehin, M. Kidger, M. Kuppers, D. C. Lis, R. Moreno, S. Szutowicz, V. Zakharov
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive description and characterization of the gas and dust activity of comet 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 through multiwavelength observations. The results show correlations between CO, H2O, and dust activity, which provide important constraints for the triggering mechanism of outbursts in comets.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
P. Rousselot, S. E. Anderson, A. Alijah, B. Noyelles, C. Opitom, E. Jehin, D. Hutsemekers, J. Manfroid
Summary: This study aims to provide the necessary tools to interpret N-2(+) spectra in comets. By developing a model based on laboratory data and theoretical results, the emission spectrum of N-2(+) in comet C/2016 R2 was successfully modeled. The results have important implications for our understanding of the range of N-2 abundances in comets.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
A. M. Jacob, D. A. Neufeld, P. Schilke, H. Wiesemeyer, W-J Kim, S. Bialy, M. Busch, D. Elia, E. Falgarone, M. Gerin, B. Godard, R. Higgins, P. Hennebelle, N. Indriolo, D. C. Lis, K. M. Menten, A. Sanchez-Monge, T. Moeller, V Ossenkopf-Okada, M. R. Rugel, D. Seifried, P. Sonnentrucker, S. Walch, M. G. Wolfire, F. Wyrowski, V. Valdivia
Summary: The HyGAL program surveys multiple hydride molecules and atomic constituents in the interstellar medium to address questions related to the life cycle of molecular material and the phase transition from atomic to molecular gas. The observations provide valuable insights into the distribution and behavior of these species, serving as an important legacy for future ISM studies.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Cyrielle Opitom, Colin Snodgrass, Fiorangela La Forgia, Chris Evans, Pamela Cambianica, Gabriele Cremonese, Alan Fitzsimmons, Monica Lazzarin, Alessandra Migliorini
Summary: The proposed CUBES spectrograph for ESO's Very Large Telescope is a powerful instrument for studying comets. It can provide valuable insights into the composition of comets and the conditions in the early solar system. CUBES can detect water in faint comets and measure isotopic and molecular composition ratios in a wider range of comets. It also offers a new area of investigation by studying emissions from gaseous metals in comets.
EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Dariusz C. Lis, Paul F. Goldsmith, Rolf Guesten, Peter Schilke, Helmut Wiesemeyer, Youngmin Seo, Michael W. Werner
Summary: Observations suggest that a significant portion of oxygen in diffuse clouds is in an unknown refractory form referred to as unidentified depleted oxygen (UDO), and can constitute up to 50% of the total oxygen content. The analysis of SOFIA observations reveals that the gas-phase atomic oxygen column density in foreground clouds towards Sgr B2 is well correlated with the total hydrogen column density, supporting earlier measurements. There is no evidence to suggest a significant fraction of oxygen on the line of sight towards Sagittarius B2 is in the form of UDO.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Hideaki Takemura, Fumitaka Nakamura, Hector G. Arce, Nicola Schneider, Volker Ossenkopf-Okada, Shuo Kong, Shun Ishii, Kazuhito Dobashi, Tomomi Shimoikura, Patricio Sanhueza, Takashi Tsukagoshi, Paolo Padoan, Ralf S. Klessen, Paul. F. Goldsmith, Blakesley Burkhart, Dariusz C. Lis, Alvaro Sanchez-Monge, Yoshito Shimajiri, Ryohei Kawabe
Summary: The distribution of dense cores is crucial for understanding star formation. Using dendrogram analysis on CO data, a total of 2342 dense cores were identified, 22% of which were classified as gravitationally bound. The mass function of these bound cores showed similarities with the initial mass function, with a peak at around 0.1 solar masses. The cores were divided into different regions, and it was found that cores with masses greater than 10 solar masses were only found in certain regions. The estimated lifetime of these cores was consistent with previous studies. Additionally, core growth by mass accretion was discussed to explain the similarity between the initial mass function and the core mass function.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. K. McClure, W. R. M. Rocha, K. M. Pontoppidan, N. Crouzet, L. E. U. Chu, E. Dartois, T. Lamberts, J. A. Noble, Y. J. Pendleton, G. Perotti, D. Qasim, M. G. Rachid, Z. L. Smith, Fengwu Sun, Tracy L. Beck, A. C. A. Boogert, W. A. Brown, P. Caselli, S. B. Charnley, Herma M. Cuppen, H. Dickinson, M. N. Drozdovskaya, E. Egami, J. Erkal, H. Fraser, R. T. Garrod, D. Harsono, S. Ioppolo, I. Jimenez-Serra, M. Jin, J. K. Jorgensen, L. E. Kristensen, D. C. Lis, M. R. S. McCoustra, Brett A. McGuire, G. J. Melnick, Karin I. Oberg, M. E. Palumbo, T. Shimonishi, J. A. Sturm, E. F. van Dishoeck, H. Linnartz
Summary: Icy grain mantles in interstellar clouds are important reservoirs of volatile elements that connect chemical processes with planet formation and atmospheric composition. Results from the Ice Age program using the James Webb Space Telescope reveal the rich composition of these dense cloud ices, showing the detection of weak ice features and complex organic molecules. The study suggests that simple and complex molecules can form early in ice-rich environments and JWST can trace the molecules seen in planetary atmospheres back to their origins in interstellar clouds.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
N. Biver, D. Bockelee-Morvan, J. Crovisier, Aa. Sandqvist, J. Boissier, D. C. Lis, M. Cordiner, B. P. Bonev, N. Dello Russo, R. Moreno, S. Milam, N. X. Roth, R. Vervack, M. A. DiSanti
Summary: We conducted a molecular survey of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko using the IRAM 30-m radio telescope in November-December 2021. The observations confirmed that the gas outflow velocity, outgassing pattern, and temperature of the comet were consistent with previous in situ measurements. We determined the abundances relative to water for seven molecules and obtained significant upper limits for approximately five others.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lucas Einig, Jerome Pety, Antoine Roueff, Paul Vandame, Jocelyn Chanussot, Maryvonne Gerin, Jan H. Orkisz, Pierre Palud, Miriam G. Santa-Maria, Victor de Souza Magalhaes, Ivana Beslic, Sebastien Bardeau, Emeric Bron, Pierre Chainais, Javier R. Goicoechea, Pierre Gratier, Viviana V. Guzman, Annie Hughes, Jouni Kainulainen, David Languignon, Rosine Lallement, Francois Levrier, Dariusz C. Lis, Harvey S. Liszt, Jacques Le Bourlot, Franck Le Petit, Karin Oberg, Nicolas Peretto, Evelyne Roueff, Albrecht Sievers, Pierre-Antoine Thouvenin, Pascal Tremblin
Summary: This article explores the analysis and interpretation of large data cubes obtained from millimeter radio telescopes. It proposes a denoising method that can recover low signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) emissions without distorting high S/N signals. By analyzing the statistical properties of the noise and the correlation of the signal in frequency channels, improvements to autoassociative neural networks are suggested.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Will E. Thompson, Morgan M. Giese, Dariusz C. Lis, Susanna L. Widicus L. Weaver
Summary: Presented here are NOEMA interferometric observations of the neighboring hot cores W3(H2O) and W3(OH), revealing two star-forming cores at different evolutionary stages within the same parent cloud. Through spectral analysis and imaging, over 20 molecules are identified, including the previously undetected HDO and CH3CH2CN in W3(OH). Molecular emission imaging uncovers new structural features, such as dusty cocoon absorption and potentially indicative extended emission of a low-velocity shock. Column density and temperature maps for methanol are constructed and compared with the molecular images, highlighting the impact of physical environment on chemistry in star-forming regions at different evolutionary stages.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. A. Cordiner, N. X. Roth, S. N. Milam, G. L. Villanueva, D. Bockelee-Morvan, A. J. Remijan, S. B. Charnley, N. Biver, D. C. Lis, C. Qi, B. P. Bonev, J. Crovisier, J. Boissier
Summary: Gas-phase molecules in the atmosphere of comet 46P/Wirtanen originate from direct outgassing and sublimation of icy grains in the near-nucleus coma. The spatial distribution of HCN, CH3OH, and CH3CN suggests their production by direct outgassing, while H2CO, CS, and HNC primarily come from distributed coma sources. These findings provide insights into the production and release mechanisms of cometary gases.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
T. P. Ray, M. J. Mccaughrean, A. Caratti o Garatti, P. J. Kavanagh, K. Justtanont, E. F. van Dishoeck, M. Reitsma, H. Beuther, L. Francis, C. Gieser, P. Klaassen, G. Perotti, L. Tychoniec, M. van Gelder, L. Colina, Th. R. Greve, M. Guedel, Th. Henning, P. O. Lagage, G. Oestlin, B. Vandenbussche, C. Waelkens, G. Wright
Summary: Near-infrared observations from the James Webb Space Telescope reveal strong emission of hot molecules in the jets of a young star, providing insight into the origin of the "green fuzzies" phenomenon.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Nathan X. Roth, Stefanie N. Milam, Michael A. Disanti, Geronimo L. Villanueva, Sara Faggi, Boncho P. Bonev, Martin A. Cordiner, Anthony J. Remijan, Dominique Bockelee-Morvan, Nicolas Biver, Jacques Crovisier, Dariusz C. Lis, Steven B. Charnley, Emmanuel Jehin, Eva S. Wirstrom, Adam J. Mckay
Summary: The extraordinary outburst of Centaur 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann 1 in September-October 2021 offered a valuable opportunity to study the composition of primitive Kuiper disk material. By conducting simultaneous multiwavelength spectroscopic observations, the researchers were able to detect CO emission and measure rotational temperatures, coma kinematics, and production rates for various molecules. The study suggests that the preservation of ices in cometary nuclei may be influenced by certain factors.
PLANETARY SCIENCE JOURNAL
(2023)