Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chongzhao You, Yumu Zhang, Youwei Xu, Peiyu Xu, Zhen Li, Huadong Li, Sijie Huang, Zecai Chen, Jingru Li, Eric Xu, Yi Jiang
Summary: Motilin is an endogenous peptide hormone that is mainly expressed in the human gastrointestinal tract. It activates the motilin receptor (MTLR), a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), and promotes GI motility. This study presents the structures of MTLR bound to motilin and erythromycin, revealing the recognition mechanism of these ligands. The findings provide insights into the physiological regulation of MTLR and offer guidance for drug design targeting MTLR for the treatment of GI motility disorders.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Narihiro Toda, Takeshi Shida, Rieko Takano, Takahiro Katagiri, Masakazu Hirouchi, Manabu Abe, Kaori Soma, Yasuhiro Nakagami, Mami Yamazaki
Summary: Motilin is a gastrointestinal hormone that regulates GI motility by binding to the motilin receptor GPR38 on smooth muscle cells in the GI tract. A series of N-methylanilide derivatives were identified as novel candidates for gastrointestinal prokinetic agents.
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Min Soo Kim, Won Sung Lee, Hanki Lee, Wook Jin
Summary: This study uncovers the physiological role of TrkC as a key regulator of EWSR1-FLI1 in Ewing sarcoma, which has important implications for the survival and metastasis of ES cells. TrkC inhibits the degradation of EWSR1-FLI1, promoting ES cell metastasis and suppressing the tumor-suppressing activity of TGF-beta.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Physiology
HongYu Li, LanLan Yang, Ying Jin, ChunXiang Jin
Summary: The study demonstrates that motilin-induced relaxation of the left gastric artery (LGA) in dogs is dependent on the endothelial motilin receptor (MLNR) through the G protein-PLC-IP3 pathway and Ca2+ influx. The NOS-NO-sGC-cGMP pathway, prostacyclin, myoendothelial gap junction (MEGJ), and K+ channels (especially K-Ca) are also involved in endothelial-dependent relaxation of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Takio Kitazawa, Hiroyuki Kaiya
Summary: Motilin, produced in the upper intestine, acts as an important regulator of gastrointestinal motility and mediates the phase III of interdigestive migrating motor complex in the stomach of humans, dogs, and musk shrews. It helps maintain normal GI functions and transmits hunger signals from the stomach to the brain. The structure, distribution, receptor, and regulatory function of motilin vary among vertebrates from fish to mammals.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Feng Zhu, Zhong-Tao Yin, Qiang-Sen Zhao, Yun-Xiao Sun, Yu-Chen Jie, Jacqueline Smith, Yu-Ze Yang, David W. Burt, Maxwell Hincke, Zi-Ding Zhang, Meng-Di Yuan, Jim Kaufman, Cong-Jiao Sun, Jun-Ying Li, Li-Wa Shao, Ning Yang, Zhuo-Cheng Hou
Summary: This study assembled a chromosome-level reference genome of the Silkie chicken, which revealed the complete genomic sequences of important genes such as leptin, ovocleidin-17, and tumor-necrosis factor-alpha. It also provided annotation for the MHC region and gene expression information. Additionally, the study included whole-genome methylation and genetic variation maps, as well as the identification of a complex genetic region associated with fibromelanosis.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Guodong Mo, Bowen Hu, Ping Wei, Qingbin Luo, Xiquan Zhang
Summary: This review highlights the important roles of prolactin and growth hormone in poultry's immune system maintenance, as well as the potential utilization of PRL, GH, and their receptors by viruses as viral receptors.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Zachary Beine, Zimei Wang, Pantelis Tsoulfas, Murray G. Blackmore
Summary: This study analyzed neurons projecting from the brain to the spinal cord in mice, identifying 14 transcriptionally distinct cell types and marker genes. The findings provide insights into the molecular characteristics and physiological functions of supraspinal cell populations.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Haidong Xu, Qiying Leng, Jiahui Zheng, Patricia Adu-Asiamah, Shudai Lin, Ting Li, Zhang Wang, Lilong An, Zhuihui Zhao, Li Zhang
Summary: The circular RNA circGHR, derived from the chicken GHR gene, has been shown to promote cell proliferation possibly by regulating GHR mRNA and GHBP expression. The expression of circGHR increased in the liver but decreased in the thigh and breast muscle from E13 to the 7th week. Experimental results demonstrated that circGHR could enhance cell proliferation.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sandra P. Smieszek, Jesse L. Carlin, Changfu Xiao, Gunther Birznieks, Christos M. Polymeropoulos, Mihael H. Polymeropoulos
Summary: Gastroparesis is a serious medical condition characterized by delayed gastric emptying. This study identified a significant genetic variant within the motilin receptor gene, which may be a risk factor for gastroparesis and provide information for treatment.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Keishi Etori, Shigeru Tanaka, Jun Tamura, Koto Hattori, Shin-Ichiro Kagami, Junichi Nakamura, Seiji Ohtori, Hiroshi Nakajima
Summary: This study found that FGFR1 marks terminal effector Tph cells in patients with RA, suggesting its important role in the pathogenesis of RA.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guoqiang Zhu, Chao Fang, Chunheng Mo, Yajun Wang, Yan Huang, Juan Li
Summary: The transcriptome analysis of Gp and Gd cells in chicken preovulatory follicles revealed differences in cell cycle regulation, steroidogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, cell adhesion, sperm binding, and signaling pathways, which are likely controlled by gonadotropins and local ovarian factors such as GD-derived factors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lanlan Yang, Hongyu Li, Ying Jin, Yu He, Li Mei, Chunxiang Jin
Summary: Motilin receptors are differentially expressed on the membranes of endothelial cells in dog gastrointestinal arteries, with significantly higher expression in the LGA. Motilin-induced relaxation is dependent on endothelium and motilin receptors. The motilin receptor expressed on the endothelial cell membrane of the LGA is the molecular basis for regulating gastric blood flow under physiological conditions in dogs.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
K. Dushyanth, R. Shukla, R. N. Chatterjee, T. K. Bhattacharya
Summary: The FST gene is expressed differently during the embryonic and post-embryonic period across different chicken breeds. Polymorphism exists in the coding region of the FST gene and has a significant effect on growth traits in chicken.
ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hua Kui, Bo Ran, Maosen Yang, Xin Shi, Yingyu Luo, Yujie Wang, Tao Wang, Diyan Li, Surong Shuai, Mingzhou Li
Summary: Chickens are important sources of protein for human diet and are used in biomedical research. The skeletal muscles of chickens have diverse origins, shapes, metabolic features, and physical functions, making increasing meat production a key goal in the poultry industry. Previous gene expression studies have overlooked the differences among various types of skeletal muscles. In this study, the researchers sequenced 58 samples from 10 different skeletal muscles of White Plymouth Rock chickens and generated a comprehensive transcriptional map, providing valuable information on muscle fiber characteristics.