Article
Orthopedics
Robert H. Brophy, Jon C. Baker, Jana M. Crain, Mackenzie M. Herzog, Ben Stollberg, Edward M. Wojtys, Christina D. Mack
Summary: This study analyzed the MRI findings of NFL athletes with ACL tears and found that concomitant injuries such as bone bruises, meniscal tears, ligamentous injuries, and cartilage injuries were common. Bone bruises were present in 95% of cases, meniscal tears occurred in 70% of knee joints with a higher prevalence in the lateral side, ligamentous injuries were found in 71% of MRI scans, with the medial collateral ligament being the most commonly affected, and chondral damage was present in 49% of cases. The study also found that the mechanism of injury influenced the occurrence of concomitant injuries.
ORTHOPAEDIC JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniel H. Daneshvar, Jesse Mez, Michael L. Alosco, Zachary H. Baucom, Ian Mahar, Christine M. Baugh, Jhaqueline P. Valle, Jennifer Weuve, Sabrina Paganoni, Robert C. Cantu, Ross D. Zafonte, Robert A. Stern, Thor D. Stein, Yorghos Tripodis, Christopher J. Nowinski, Ann C. McKee
Summary: The study found that the incidence and mortality of ALS among NFL players were significantly higher than the general population. Athletes diagnosed with ALS had longer NFL careers, suggesting a link between NFL duration of play and the disease. These risk factors help inform research on the pathophysiological mechanisms of ALS.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Enqi Chen, Wenjing Hou, Hu Wang, Jing Li, Yangjing Lin, He Liu, Mingshan Du, Lian Li, Xianqi Wang, Jing Yang, Rui Yang, Changru Zhou, Pinzhen Chen, Meng Zeng, Qiandong Yao, Wei Chen
Summary: This study quantitatively assessed the alterations in articular cartilage volume, thickness, and T2 values in patients with meniscus tears. The results showed that the T2 values of the articular cartilage in all subregions of the femur and tibia were significantly higher in the meniscus tear group compared to the healthy control group. The cartilage thickness of certain knee regions was also slightly higher in the meniscus tear group. Quantitative T2 values enable early and sensitive detection of early cartilage lesions.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Elia Rishis, Kathryn Johnston, Joseph Baker
Summary: The NFL Combine allows NFL teams to assess potential athletes' medical histories and abilities. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the predictive validity of the combine according to PRISMA.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Lafi S. Khalil, Toufic R. Jildeh, Muhammad J. Abbas, Michael J. McIntosh, Arben Sokoli, Nicholas D. Cominos, Kelechi R. Okoroha
Summary: NFL players who return to play after a shoulder instability injury exhibit similar workload and performance regardless of surgical or nonsurgical management. Operative treatment is associated with fewer recurrent instability events, longer time between recurrent events, and greater career longevity. Nonoperative treatment allows for quicker return to play.
ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Sophie Rapagna, Bryant C. Roberts, Lucian B. Solomon, Karen J. Reynolds, Dominic Thewlis, Egon Perilli
Summary: This study found significant correlations between joint loading indices and regional cartilage thickness values in end-stage knee OA subjects. Higher regional loads corresponded to thinner cartilage, suggesting a complementary bone-cartilage interplay in response to loading.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Joseph D. Lamplot, Dean Wang, Leigh J. Weiss, Michael Baum, Kristina Zeidler, Christina Mack, Ronnie P. Barnes, Russell F. Warren, Samuel A. Taylor, Scott A. Rodeo
Summary: This study evaluated the incidence of lower extremity compartment syndrome in NFL athletes and found a low occurrence rate. It also showed that NFL athletes with acute leg compartment syndrome treated with surgery had a high rate of return to play within the same season, with an average time missed due to injury of 24.2 days.
SPORTS HEALTH-A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Donna Lu, Alan McCall, Mark Jones, Rob Duf
Summary: This study describes the relationship between team- and league-level variability of injury rate, type, and location over 6 seasons in professional Australian football. The findings suggest that the low between-season injury rate variability from teams contributes to a stable league-level injury trend. The reduction in league injury rate in the 2015/16 season was accompanied by a decrease in joint/ligament injuries.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Chloe J. Otte, Evangeline Mantzioris, Brianna S. Salagaras, Alison M. Hill
Summary: This prospective observational study aims to evaluate seasonal changes in dietary intake and health parameters of professional AFLW athletes. The results showed that AFLW athletes did not meet energy and carbohydrate requirements across the preseason and competition seasons, which may impact health and performance.
SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN FOOTBALL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Moon-Chang Choi, Jiwon Jo, Myeongjin Lee, Jonggwan Park, Yoonkyung Park
Summary: The study found that the antimicrobial peptide Cramp induces chondrocyte catabolism via the NF-kappa B signaling pathway, accelerating the progression of OA and leading to cartilage degeneration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Takahiro Maeda, Shinichi Kuriyama, Shigeo Yoshida, Kohei Nishitani, Shinichiro Nakamura, Shuichi Matsuda
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the elastic modulus of knee joint cartilage using macroscopic methods and compare it with gross and histological findings of degeneration. The results showed that the elastic modulus of cartilage decreased as cartilage degeneration progressed and was correlated with the severity of degeneration according to the ICRS grading system and the Mankin score.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Liang Gao, Riccardo Beninatto, Tamas Olah, Lars Goebel, Ke Tao, Rebecca Roels, Steffen Schrenker, Julianne Glomm, Jagadeesh K. Venkatesan, Gertrud Schmitt, Ebrar Sahin, Ola Dahhan, Mauro Pavan, Carlo Barbera, Alba Di Lucia, Michael D. Menger, Matthias W. Laschke, Magali Cucchiarini, Devis Galesso, Henning Madry
Summary: This study investigates the short-term safety and efficacy of two novel hyaluronic acid (HA)-triethylene glycol (TEG)-coumarin hydrogels photocrosslinked in situ in a clinically relevant large animal model. It is found that HA hydrogel significantly enhances early cartilage repair and the molar degree of substitution and concentration of HA affects repair.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Elise R. Facer-Childs, Luis Mascaro, Daniel Hoffman, Darren Mansfield, Sean P. A. Drummond, Shantha M. W. Rajaratnam
Summary: The study found a strong association between poor sleep and impaired mental health outcomes in elite athletes, with self-reported insomnia symptoms being the strongest predictors. Sleep assessments should be included as a core component of routine health and rehabilitation programs for elite athletes.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Anand O. Masson, Bryce Besler, W. Brent Edwards, Roman J. Krawetz
Summary: Characterizing the biomechanical properties of mouse cartilage is crucial for understanding tissue homeostasis and degeneration. This study presents a 3D automated surface mapping system and methodology that allows for mechanical characterization with high spatial resolution. The technique comprehensively characterizes cartilage function in mouse models and has the potential to improve our understanding of tissue structure-function interplay.
Editorial Material
Orthopedics
Brett Meeks, David Flanigan
Summary: There is insufficient evidence to recommend a specific treatment for patellar chondral lesions. Cell-based strategies, such as particulated juvenile allograft cartilage and matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation, are frequently discussed but are associated with high costs. Markov modeling can be used to compare these strategies, but excessive assumptions carry risks.
ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Lindsey A. MacFarlane, Heidi Yang, Jamie E. Collins, Robert H. Brophy, Brian J. Cole, Kurt P. Spindler, Ali Guermazi, Morgan H. Jones, Lisa A. Mandl, Scott Martin, Robert G. Marx, Bruce A. Levy, Michael Stuart, Clare Safran-Norton, John Wright, Rick W. Wright, Elena Losina, Jeffrey N. Katz
Summary: This study found that meniscal symptoms were not associated with improved pain relief. Although arthroscopy led to a greater reduction in symptoms of intermittent locking and clicking, the presence of meniscal symptoms alone should not determine the choice between arthroscopy and physical therapy for patients with meniscal tears and knee osteoarthritis.
ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Orthopedics
Peter S. Chang, Logan Radtke, Patrick Ward, Robert H. Brophy
Summary: Surgical repair of PMRRTs shows functional benefits with consistent improvements in clinical outcomes, but patients may still experience progression of osteoarthritis at midterm follow-up. The repair surgery can slow down cartilage degeneration but not prevent it entirely.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Paul M. Inclan, Peter S. Chang, Christina D. Mack, Gary S. Solomon, Robert H. Brophy, Richard Y. Hinton, Kurt P. Spindler, Allen K. Sills, Matthew J. Matava
Summary: The frequency of studies utilizing publicly obtained injury data in NFL players has rapidly increased since 2000, but there is significant heterogeneity in the degree to which POD studies correctly identify ACL injuries. These studies underreport the true incidence of injuries, with a bias towards capturing injuries in more popular players.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Orthopedics
R. Garrett Steinmetz, J. Jared Guth, Matthew J. Matava, Matthew Smith, Robert H. Brophy
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether there are significant differences in indications, techniques, patient variables, and outcome scores of knee articular cartilage surgery based on the geographic location of published studies. The majority of high-level evidence for such procedures comes from Europe, and there are regional variations in patient characteristics, lesion location, mechanism of injury, and failure rate.
Article
Orthopedics
Peter S. Chang, Lorenzo F. Solon, Spencer P. Lake, Ryan M. Castile, J. Ryan Hill, Robert H. Brophy
Summary: Material and microstructural properties of meniscus roots were measured using mechanical testing and quantitative polarized light imaging. The study found that anterior roots have larger moduli and higher average DoLP values compared to posterior roots. Posterior roots have higher standard deviation angle of polarization. Lateral roots have greater moduli values compared to medial roots.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Michael S. Nichols, Cale A. Jacobs, Nicole G. Lemaster, Justin A. Magnuson, Scott D. Mair, Shannon F. Ortiz, Carolyn M. Hettrich
Summary: Previous studies have shown that psychosocial factors and comorbid depression affect preoperative symptoms in patients undergoing shoulder surgery. This study aimed to determine if these factors have a different impact on patients with traumatic vs. atraumatic shoulder instability. The results indicate that worse psychosocial factors are more strongly associated with shoulder-related pain and function in patients with atraumatic instability.
JOURNAL OF SHOULDER AND ELBOW SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Tomoyuki Kamenaga, Jie Shen, May Wu, Robert H. H. Brophy, John C. C. Clohisy, Regis J. J. O'Keefe, Cecilia Pascual-Garrido
Summary: This study examined the catabolic state of articular chondrocytes and the expression of DNMT3B and ABAT during the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) in hip femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). The findings showed that early-FAI and late-FAI-OA patients exhibited a histological OA phenotype and increased expression of catabolic markers. DNMT3B was underexpressed and ABAT was overexpressed in advanced disease. IL1 beta stimulus further accentuated catabolic marker overexpression through ABAT promoter hypomethylation, while TGF beta normalized these alterations. Suppression of ABAT through methylation control could be a potential therapeutic target for preventing OA progression in hip FAI.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Robert H. Brophy, Kent Jason Lowry
Summary: Management of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guideline is a comprehensive guide that provides recommendations and options for managing ACL injuries based on the best available evidence. It serves as a valuable resource for healthcare practitioners and guideline developers, and also identifies gaps in the literature and informs areas for future research and quality measure development.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Carolyn M. Hettrich, Justin A. Magnuson, Keith M. Baumgarten, Robert H. Brophy, Michael Kattan, Julie Y. Bishop, Matthew J. Bollier, Jonathan T. Bravman, Gregory L. Cvetanovich, Warren R. Dunn, Brian T. Feeley, Rachel M. Frank, John E. Kuhn, Drew A. Lansdown, C. Benjamin Ma, Robert G. Marx, Eric C. McCarty, Andrew S. Neviaser, Shannon F. Ortiz, Adam J. Seidl, Matthew V. Smith, Rick W. Wright, Alan L. Zhang, Kevin J. Cronin, Brian R. Wolf
Summary: This study aimed to investigate predictors of glenoid and humeral head bone loss in patients undergoing surgery for anterior shoulder instability. The results showed that an increasing number of dislocations was associated with bone loss. Early surgical stabilization may be the most effective method for preventing progression to clinically significant bone loss.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Muhammad Farooq Rai, Lei Cai, Qiang Zhang, R. Reid Townsend, Robert H. H. Brophy
Summary: The proteomics of knee synovial fluid changes over time after ACL injury, with an increase in inflammatory/catabolic proteins and a decrease in chondroprotective proteins.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Robert H. Brophy, Richard M. Silverman, Kent Jason Lowry
Summary: The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) has released a clinical practice guideline in 2022 to provide optimal management for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. The guideline was developed with input from various medical societies and is based on the best available evidence. The cases presented in this article serve as examples to demonstrate the clinical application of these guidelines.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGEONS
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Cale A. Jacobs, Shannon F. Ortiz, Brian R. Wolf, Carolyn M. Hettrich, MOON Shoulder Grp
Summary: This study assessed the validity and responsiveness of a shortened version of the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (Short-WOSI). The Short-WOSI demonstrated excellent internal consistency and construct validity, and was similarly responsive as the full WOSI. Using instability-specific instruments such as the Short-WOSI is advantageous in assessing shoulder instability patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Andrew W. Kuhn, Joseph M. Rund, Brian R. Wolf, Robert H. Brophy
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of multicenter studies in the orthopedic literature compared to general medicine and other surgical subspecialties. The results showed an increase in the number of multicenter research studies in orthopedic surgery journals compared to a previous study, but orthopedic surgery still lags behind other fields. Multicenter trials have played a significant role in musculoskeletal care, but further efforts are needed to promote and support their participation.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
P. M. Inclan, R. H. Brophy
Summary: ACL graft failure can cause knee instability and require revision ACL reconstruction surgery. Prior evaluation is necessary to identify predisposing factors and select the optimal graft. Revision ACLr often includes additional procedures and has worse clinical outcomes and reoperation rates compared to primary ACLr.
BONE & JOINT JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Cale A. Jacobs, Shannon F. Ortiz, Brian R. Wolf, Carolyn M. Hettrich, MOON Shoulder Grp
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the validity and responsiveness of a shortened version of the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (Short-WOSI) compared to the full WOSI and other shoulder-related PROM instruments. The results show that the Short-WOSI demonstrates excellent internal consistency, good construct validity, and similar responsiveness to the full WOSI over time. Neither the Short-WOSI nor the WOSI correlates well with more general shoulder PROMs, highlighting the advantage of using instability-specific instruments for this population.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)