Article
Pediatrics
Jody L. Clasey, Elizabeth A. Easley, Margaret O. Murphy, Stefan G. Kiessling, Arnold Stromberg, Aric Schadler, Hong Huang, John A. Bauer
Summary: By comparing body composition and index measurements, we identified the relationship between body mass index (BMI%) and actual body composition. Our results showed that using simple, non-invasive body composition and index measures, we could better identify at-risk children.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jiangshan He, Binbin Zhang, Yaqi Fan, Yuxue Wang, Mianzhi Zhang, Chunjun Li, Li Zhang, Pei Guo, Minying Zhang
Summary: This study aims to compare the efficacies of bioelectrical indices (PBF, VFA) and conventional anthropometric measures (BMI, WHR) in predicting T2D risk, and determine the sex-specific optimal adiposity indices. The results showed that all studied indices were associated with T2D, but the associations differed by sex.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica Ares Blanco, Carmen Lambert, Manuel Fernandez-Sanjurjo, Paula Morales-Sanchez, Pedro Pujante, Paola Pinto-Hernandez, Eduardo Iglesias-Gutierrez, Edelmiro Menendez Torre, Elias Delgado
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the glucose tolerance status after 15 years of pregnancy in women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to assess the long-term effect of GDM on circulating miRNA profile. The study included 30 randomly selected women diagnosed with GDM during 2005-2006, and glucose tolerance was measured using the National Diabetes Data Group criteria. Four miRNAs were analyzed in the plasma of women 15 years after the diagnosis of GDM. The study found that 50% of women had some degree of glucose intolerance 15 years after the diagnosis of GDM, which was directly related to body weight and body mass index during pregnancy. Dysglycemic women also showed significantly increased levels of circulating hsa-miR-24-3p. Thus, initial weight and BMI, along with circulating expression levels of hsa-miR-24-3p, could be good predictors of the future development of dysglycemia in women with a previous diagnosis of GDM.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chaoran Liu, Keith Yu-Kin Cheng, Xin Tong, Wing-Hoi Cheung, Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow, Sheung Wai Law, Ronald Man Yeung Wong
Summary: This study aimed to explore the relationship between obesity and sarcopenia, and the optimal proportion of fat and muscle for old individuals. The results showed that obesity was a risk factor for sarcopenia, and there was a positive correlation between muscle mass and fat mass. It was recommended that older females should have a body fat percentage between 26.0-34.6%, while older males should have a body fat percentage below 23.9% to prevent sarcopenia.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Azimatun Noor Aizuddin, Chee Mun Chan, A. Rahman Anwar, Yee Xien Ong, Kok-Yong Chin
Summary: This study suggests that defining obesity based on body fat percentage (BF%) rather than traditional BMI can more accurately identify individuals with excess body fat and at risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). A new BMI cutoff point of 24.8 kg/m(2) shows higher sensitivity in detecting high adiposity and hypertension compared to the standard cutoff of 27.5 kg/m(2).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jung-Chi Hsu, Yen-Yun Yang, Shu-Lin Chuang, Yi-Wei Chung, Chih-Hsien Wang, Lian-Yu Lin
Summary: The study revealed that underweight status is associated with the highest risk of AF in Asian patients with T2DM, while overweight status is linked to reduced AF risk. The relationship between BMI and AF risk was found to be J-shaped or L-shaped.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yves M. Dupertuis, Amanda Gomes Pereira, Veronique L. Karsegard, Alexandra Hemmer, Emma Biolley, Tinh-Hai Collet, Laurence Genton
Summary: This study compared different types of ECG electrodes with a reference electrode in assessing body composition in bedridden patients. The results showed that the use of electrodes with small gel area can affect BIA measurements, especially when phase angle is used as an indicator. Therefore, it is important to specify the type of electrodes and conduct comparative tests to ensure the reliability of measurements in body composition assessment.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Liisa Saare, Aleksandr Peet, Vallo Tillmann
Summary: The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) is increasing worldwide. Our study found that children at genetic risk for T1D who were taller had a lower IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio, and children with diabetes-associated auto-antibodies (DAAB) tended to be taller and have a higher body mass index. The accelerator hypothesis for the increasing incidence of T1D may not solely be dependent on environmental factors, but could be partially genetically determined.
ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lindsey English, Yanelli R. Carmona, Karen E. Peterson, Erica C. Jansen, Martha Maria Tellez Rojo, Libni Torres Olascoaga, Alejandra Cantoral
Summary: The study found that increased consumption of sugar sweetened beverages during adolescence is associated with higher body fat percentage and larger waist circumference, but not with changes in body mass index.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tham T. Nguyen, Minh H. Nguyen, Yen H. Nguyen, Thao T. P. Nguyen, Manh H. Giap, Tung D. X. Tran, Thu T. M. Pham, Khue M. Pham, Kien T. Nguyen, Vinh-Tuyen T. Le, Chien-Tien Su, Tuyen Van Duong
Summary: This study explored the association between health literacy (HL) and hypertension, and investigated whether body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (PBF), and visceral fat (VF) mediated this association. The results showed that the prevalence of hypertension was relatively high. People with better HL were less likely to have hypertension. PBF partially mediated the association between HL and hypertension. Strategic approaches are needed to improve people's HL and reduce body fat, which can help manage hypertension in rural and suburban areas.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Navin Suthahar, Kan Wang, Victor W. Zwartkruis, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Silvio E. Inzucchi, Tim R. Eijgenraam, Fariba Ahmadizar, Eric G. Sijbrands, Ron T. Gansevoort, Lyanne M. Kieneker, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Maryam Kavousi, Rudolf A. de Boer
Summary: Relative fat mass (RFM), a novel anthropometric equation based on height and waist measurements, is strongly associated with incident type-2 diabetes (T2D) and shows potential as a predictor of future diabetes risk in the general population, outperforming BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gerrit J. Breukelman, Albertus K. Basson, Trayana G. Djarova, Brandon S. Shaw, Cornelia J. du Preez, Ina Shaw
Summary: This study found that in patients with type 2 diabetes, using a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet (LCHFD) or engaging in daily walking can lead to moderate clinically significant changes in body composition. However, more robust research is needed to determine the effects of LCHFD on obesity and other diabetic complication markers.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ryusei Ohno, Hidehiro Kaneko, Kensuke Ueno, Hiroyuki Aoki, Akira Okada, Kentaro Kamiya, Yuta Suzuki, Satoshi Matsuoka, Katsuhito Fujiu, Norifumi Takeda, Taisuke Jo, Junya Ako, Hiroyuki Morita, Koichi Node, Hideo Yasunaga, Issei Komuro
Summary: This retrospective observational cohort study found that the risk of developing diabetes mellitus significantly increased when BMI exceeded approximately 20 to 21 kg/m(2). Participants with an increase in BMI of 5.0% or more had a relative risk of 1.33 for developing diabetes, while those with a decrease in BMI of 5.0% or more had a relative risk of 0.82. Furthermore, individuals classified as normal weight, overweight, and obese reduced their risk of developing diabetes when they reduced their BMI, while underweight individuals had an increased risk.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Erika Aparecida Silveira, Larissa Silva Barbosa, Matias Noll, Hudson Azevedo Pinheiro, Cesar de Oliveira
Summary: The study aimed to validate the use of anthropometric equations to estimate body fat percentage in older adults. Results showed differences in predictions among different equations, indicating the need for developing specific equations for older adults.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xintong Li, Dongmei Xu, Li Zhang, Ruimin Cao, Yide Hao, Lingling Cui, Tingting Chen, Yingying Guo, Jiaxin Li
Summary: The study found that body composition-related indicators were independently associated with the onset of GDM in pregnant women with both pre-pregnancy BMI < 24 kg/m² and BMI >= 24 kg/m² groups. Factors such as body fat mass, visceral fat level, and waist-hip ratio showed higher correlation with pre-pregnancy BMI. Total body water, protein levels, mineral levels, bone mineral content, soft lean mass, fat-free mass, skeletal muscle mass, and basal metabolic rate were found to be protective factors for GDM after adjusting for some confounders. The waist-hip ratio was found to be up to 4.562 times the risk of GDM development in all pregnant women, and gestational weight gain was the best predictor for GDM.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Sandro Sperandei, Andrew Page, Matthew J. Spittal, Jane Pirkis
Summary: This study explores the association between low educational achievement and mental health status among older-age Australians, and examines the mediating role of employment status and income level. The findings suggest that lower educational achievement is linked to subsequent psychological distress, and employment status and income level mediate this association.
SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHIATRIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Arianne C. Reis, Rowena Saheb, Taurai Moyo, Caroline Smith, Sandro Sperandei
Summary: Mental health is a growing concern in the university education sector, and increasing mental health literacy among students is seen as an important strategy. However, there is a high level of variability in approaches to mental health literacy interventions and measures of assessment. More robust data is needed to establish the effectiveness of mental health literacy training programs in improving student well-being.
PREVENTION SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Sandro Sperandei, Andrew Page, Piumee Bandara, Arianne Reis, Rowena Saheb, Pankaj Gaur, Sithum Munasinghe, Kathryn Worne, Carolyn Fozzard, Vlasios Brakoulias
Summary: This study examined the trends in hospital-treated self-harm and hospital presenting suicidal ideation before and after the COVID-19 public health responses in Western Sydney. It found that there was no significant increase in hospital-treated self-harm rates post-implementation of COVID-19 measures. However, there was a significant increase in hospital presenting suicidal ideation, particularly among women, young people aged 15-24, and those in lower socio-economic status areas.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Sandro Sperandei, Leonardo Soares Bastos, Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves, Arianne Reis, Francisco Inacio Bastos
Summary: The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of different logistic regression estimators applied to RDS studies via simulation and empirical data analysis. The results show that unweighted logistic regression estimators are the best option for simulated datasets, while the performance of weighted estimators in empirical datasets is unexpected.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Piumee Bandara, Andrew Page, Trent Ernest Hammond, Sandro Sperandei, Garry John Stevens, Naren Gunja, Manish Anand, Alison Jones, Greg Carter
Summary: This study found that the implementation of a self-harm reporting field in a tertiary hospital led to a twofold increase in case ascertainment of self-harm events. The highest rates of self-harm were observed among females aged 15-19 and males aged 20-24. These findings highlight the importance of accurate recording and long-term monitoring of self-harm event rates through the use of a self-harm reporting field in hospital record systems.
CRISIS-THE JOURNAL OF CRISIS INTERVENTION AND SUICIDE PREVENTION
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Gregory Carter, Sandro Sperandei, Kate M. Chitty, Andrew Page
Summary: For Australian older adults, all antidepressants showed an elevated IRR for suicide attempt across various exposure periods, decreasing from 7.44 during the first 30 days to 2.21 at 91+ days. The four antidepressant sub-groups had higher IRRs during the first 30 days exposure. SSRIs and SNRIs still had increased IRRs during the 61- to 90-day exposure period.
SUICIDE AND LIFE-THREATENING BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sithum Munasinghe, Andrew Page, Sandro Sperandei, Pankaj Gaur, Shahana Ferdousi, Haider Mannan, Vlasios Brakoulias
Summary: Since 2016, there has been a substantial increase in referrals to PMHC services in Western Sydney, with majority being females, aged <45 years, and presenting with anxiety or affective disorders. The proportion of referrals at risk of suicide increased from 9.7% in 2013 to 17.8% in 2018. Cases of subsequent hospital-treated self-harm were more common among those at risk of suicide and those who attended <6 sessions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Roselee Pozzan, Ronaldo Gama Pena, Catia Cristina Silva Sousa Vergara Palma, Raquel De Carvalho Abi-Abib, Carlos Terra, Roberta Arnoldi Cobas
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between clinical and biological variables and hepatic stiffness and steatosis, contributing to the surveillance of NAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that insulin dose, waist circumference, and HDL cholesterol levels may serve as indicators for identifying T2D patients more likely to have NAFLD.
ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alessandra S. M. Matheus, Juliana Brazil Fontes Pascoal, Carolina Alves Cabizuca, Lucianne Righeti Monteiro Tannus, Rafael Seno Guimaraes, Diogo Menezes Ferrazani Mattos, Roberta Arnoldi Cobas
Summary: This study evaluated the use of Flash glucose monitoring (FGM) compared to self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) in patients with type 1 diabetes. The results showed that FGM decreased the time spent in hypoglycemia and increased the time spent in hyperglycemia, but there was no significant change in the overall time in range.
ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Arianne Reis, Vivien Nguyen, Rowena Saheb, Erin Rutherford, Sandro Sperandei
Summary: University students, as a vulnerable group, often delay or fail to seek help for mental health issues. Embedding mental health learning in curriculum design can improve students' mental health, but it can be challenging in non-health disciplines. This study explores the challenge by integrating mental health literacy learning into an Event Management course through experiential learning.
HEALTH EDUCATION JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Gregory Carter, Sandro Sperandei, Matthew J. Spittal, Kate Chitty, Angela Clapperton, Andrew Page
Summary: More than half of suicide decedents have no contact with mental health services before death, and they have different characteristics than those who use mental health services. Older age, lower income, unemployment, suicide by firearms, greater physical disability, lower proportions with mental illness are associated with no contact with mental health services. Complementary interventions focused on physical health and social issues may be more suitable for middle-older aged adults.
SUICIDE AND LIFE-THREATENING BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mithilesh Dronavalli, Andrew Page, Sandro Sperandei, Gabriela Uribe, Carmen Huckel Schneider, John Eastwood
Summary: This study used the HILDA study in Australia to investigate the impact of trajectories in socio-economic position on physical and mental health outcomes, as well as treatment commencement. It found that decreasing socio-economic position was associated with poorer health outcomes, while increasing socio-economic position was associated with better health outcomes.
SSM-POPULATION HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Chloe Lancaster, Sandro Sperandei, Rowena Saheb, Arianne Reis
Summary: This study aimed to address gaps in the literature on the impacts of Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training by comparing long-term outcomes on different cohorts. The study found no significant differences between different groups and time points post-completion of MHFA. Further research on rating mental health literacy and its impact on behaviors and help-seeking would provide greater insight into the outcomes of running MHFA as a mental health prevention and early intervention program at universities.
PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kate M. Chitty, Sandro Sperandei, Gregory L. Carter, Zein Ali, Jacques E. Raubenheimer, Andrea L. Schaffer, Andrew Page, Nicholas A. Buckley
Summary: Studying healthcare engagement patterns of individuals who died by suicide can provide alternative directions for suicide prevention. Most suicide decedents had at least one healthcare contact in the year before death, but contact frequency was overall very low. Therefore, suicide preventive interventions should be delivered in the community, workplace, schools, or online platforms.
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Arianne C. Reis, Taylor Mortimer, Marcelo C. Vieira, Vera Pessanha de Freitas, Sandro Sperandei
Summary: This study in two low income neighborhoods in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, reveals that the quality and frequency of use of physical activity resources (PARs) are both very low. However, PARs with higher quality attract more users. The study also finds an interaction between sex, age, and PARs use, with females and older adults showing lower participation rates. Homicide rates in the vicinity of PARs do not impact the usage. Therefore, attention should be given to the design and maintenance of these spaces in order to promote higher levels of leisure-time physical activity.
