Article
Pathology
Paula S. Ginter, Romana Idress, Timothy M. D'Alfonso, Susan Fineberg, Shabnam Jaffer, Abida K. Sattar, Anees Chagpar, Parker Wilson, Malini Harigopal
Summary: The study evaluated interobserver variability among a multi-institutional group of breast pathologists using digital whole slide imaging for breast cancer grading, showing moderate concordance overall, with variations in observer agreement for different grades and components. Discrepancies in grading infrequently led to clinically meaningful changes in prognostic stage, with tubule formation showing the best observer agreement.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anqi Lin, Chang Qi, Mujiao Li, Rui Guan, Evgeny N. Imyanitov, Natalia V. Mitiushkina, Quan Cheng, Zaoqu Liu, Xiaojun Wang, Qingwen Lyu, Jian Zhang, Peng Luo
Summary: This study provides new insights into survival prediction for colorectal cancer patients by analyzing the lipid microenvironment, immune cell scores, and utilizing deep learning methods.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Pan Yin, Bingqing Yue, Ji Zhang, Dong Liu, Dongyu Bai, Guang Zhao, Chutong Huang, Guojun Geng, Jie Jiang, Yongxiang Su, Xiuyi Yu, Jingyu Chen
Summary: When performing sublobar resection in patients with early stage peripheral lung adenocarcinoma with pathological tumor sizes <= 2cm, a resection margin distance of >= 1cm is recommended to ensure a negative margin.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jian Ding, Qiu Li, Jiewen Lin, Shanshan He, Weiqiang Chen, Qiyong He, Qiukun Zhang, Jintong Chen, Ting Wu, Shuncong Zhong, Dan Li
Summary: This study explored the sensitivity of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in detecting colorectal dysplasia and cancer using a mouse model. The results showed that OCT could distinguish dysplasia and cancer from normal tissues, but further refinement is needed to distinguish different degrees of dysplasia. OCT demonstrated high diagnostic efficiency, sensitivity, and specificity for colorectal dysplasia and cancer, suggesting its potential as a promising non-invasive imaging technique for early detection and guided biopsy.
QUANTITATIVE IMAGING IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Martina Kastrup Loft, Malene Roland Vils Pedersen, Peter Grimm, Andreas Hoffmann Lauritzen, Claus Dam, Soren Rafael Rafaelsen
Summary: For a diagnostic tool to be important, there must be a high level of agreement between different observers. In this study, a high level of agreement was found between observers in a clinical setting when evaluating real-time images of rectal tumors.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Kris Lami, Andrey Bychkov, Keitaro Matsumoto, Richard Attanoos, Sabina Berezowska, Luka Brcic, Alberto Cavazza, John C. English, Alexandre Todorovic Fabro, Kaori Ishida, Yukio Kashima, Brandon T. Larsen, Alberto M. Marchevsky, Takuro Miyazaki, Shimpei Morimoto, Anja C. Roden, Frank Schneider, Mano Soshi, Maxwell L. Smith, Kazuhiro Tabata, Angela M. Takano, Kei Tanaka, Tomonori Tanaka, Tomoshi Tsuchiya, Takeshi Nagayasu, Junya Fukuoka
Summary: Accurate identification of lung adenocarcinoma histologic subtypes is challenging due to overlaps in diagnostic features, leading to interobserver variability. This study aimed to evaluate diagnostic agreement among pathologists and create a ground truth for computational applications. Results showed that only 37% of histologic images had a consensus among all pathologists, and a cluster analysis revealed two clusters with fair-to-moderate agreement. Consensus patches from these clusters were used as the ground truth for lung adenocarcinoma subtypes.
ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Andre Kumar, Yingjie Weng, Sally Graglia, Sukyung Chung, Youyou Duanmu, Farhan Lalani, Kavita Gandhi, Viveta Lobo, Trevor Jensen, Jeffrey Nahn, John Kugler
Summary: The study found that there is substantial agreement among providers for normal LUS scans and the presence/count of B-lines in patients with COVID-19, while moderate agreement was observed for findings like consolidations and pleural thickening. Additional observers may be needed in clinical protocols to confirm less reliable findings such as consolidations.
JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Raymond W. Redline, Torstein Vik, Amy Heerema-McKenney, Ann-Helen Jamtoy, Sanjita Ravishankar, Tuyet Nhung Ton Nu, Christina Vogt, Pamela Ng, Karin B. Nelson, Stian Lydersen, Maryam Oskoui
Summary: This study evaluated the interobserver reliability of pathologists in assessing placental pathology lesions. The results showed good reliability for inflammatory lesions, but lower reliability for vascular lesions, emphasizing the need for more explicit definition of specific histologic features and boundaries for these patterns.
ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liangliang Liu, Zhihong Liu, Jing Chang, Hongbo Qiao, Tong Sun, Junping Shang
Summary: This paper proposes a multi-generator generative adversarial network (MGGAN) based on HE images of breast cancer, which can generate high-quality IHC images. The method combines the low-frequency and high-frequency components of the HE image to improve the translation of breast cancer image details.
Article
Oncology
Gregory Patrick Veldhuizen, Christoph Roecken, Hans-Michael Behrens, Didem Cifci, Hannah Sophie Muti, Takaki Yoshikawa, Tomio Arai, Takashi Oshima, Patrick Tan, Matthias P. Ebert, Alexander T. Pearson, Julien Calderaro, Heike I. Grabsch, Jakob Nikolas Kather
Summary: This study developed a deep learning-based classifier to subtype gastric cancer and evaluated its prognostic value. The results showed that the DL-based classifier can better stratify gastric cancer patients' 5-year survival compared to the pathologist-based Lauren classification for all survival endpoints.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xianyu Luo, Qihao Hu, Min Tang
Summary: The study investigated abnormal DNA methylation mechanism in lung cancer in rats using Wistar rats as subjects. Results showed that abnormal methylation-mediated down-regulation of p16 and p57 gene transcription may be a crucial event in lung cancer carcinogenesis. Despite some shortcomings in the research process, the study still offers valuable insights for exploring more precise mechanisms in the future.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Ximena Baez-Navarro, Mieke R. van Bockstal, Dienna Nawawi, Glenn Broeckx, Cecile Colpaert, Shusma C. Doebar, Marieke C. H. Hogenes, Esther Koop, Kathleen Lambein, Dieter J. E. Peeters, Renata H. J. A. Sinke, Johannes Bastiaan van Brakel, Jose van der Starre-Gaal, Bert van der Vegt, Koen van de Vijver, Celien P. H. Vreuls, Willem Vreuls, Pieter J. Westenend, Carolien H. M. van Deurzen
Summary: A multicenter international study assessed the interobserver agreement in specific HER2 immunohistochemistry scores for breast cancer. The current guidelines may not be sufficient for identifying HER2-low tumors. Modifying the scoring criteria or adding fluorescent in situ hybridization may improve the agreement.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Suresh Bugide, Yvonne J. K. Edwards, Romi Gupta, Michael R. Green, Narendra Wajapeyee
Summary: Although EGFRi is approved for treating EGFR-mutant LUAD, acquired resistance limits its clinical benefits. Loss of CBX5 drives EGFRi resistance by upregulating the transcription factor E2F1 and subsequently the antiapoptotic gene BIRC5. Restoring CBX5 expression with BETi or inhibiting BIRC5 shows therapeutic potential for treating EGFRi-resistant LUAD.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Vito Carlo Alberto Caponio, Lucrezia Togni, Khrystyna Zhurakivska, Andrea Santarelli, Claudia Arena, Corrado Rubini, Lorenzo Lo Muzio, Giuseppe Troiano, Marco Mascitti
Summary: TATE has been proposed as a prognostic factor in oral cancer staging, with high TATE associated with better disease-specific survival. The density method (TATE-1) showed better predictive performance, especially with specific cutoff values. The evaluation of TATE is simple and cost-effective, enhancing risk stratification in oral tongue cancer patients.
JOURNAL OF ORAL PATHOLOGY & MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Lars Egevad, Brett Delahunt, Kenneth A. Iczkowski, Theo van der Kwast, Geert J. L. H. van Leenders, Katia R. M. Leite, Chin-Chen Pan, Hemamali Samaratunga, Toyonori Tsuzuki, Nita Mulliqi, Xiaoyi Ji, Henrik Olsson, Masi Valkonen, Pekka Ruusuvuori, Martin Eklund, Kimmo Kartasalo
Summary: There is evidence that cribriform morphology is associated with a worse prognosis for prostatic adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to investigate the reproducibility of cribriform cancer diagnosis in prostate needle biopsies. A panel of nine prostate pathology experts independently reviewed 304 digitised biopsies and achieved a 2/3 consensus diagnosis of cribriform and noncribriform cancer in 90% of the cases. Strict diagnostic criteria were used to identify cribriform patterns and generate a set of consensus cases for standardization.
Article
Pathology
Tiziana Vavala, Umberto Malapelle, Claudia Veggiani, Vienna Ludovini, Mauro Papotti, Alvaro Leone, Paolo Graziano, Roberta Minari, Francesca Bono, Anna Sapino, Laura Manotti, Giancarlo Troncone, Pasquale Pisapia, Salvatore Girlando, Lucio Buffoni, Luisella Righi, Ida Colantonio, Oscar Bertetto, Silvia Novello
Summary: The study highlights the heterogeneous implementation of molecular tests in lung cancer diagnostic algorithms at a European and international level. The research involved 1612 patients from 13 Italian institutions, with only half of the requests related to driver mutations with available target agents in the first-line treatment. The study also showed that all participating centers considered using multiplex genomic assays, such as next-generation sequencing, indicating a shift towards more advanced molecular screening methods in clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Jose Nunnari, Paolo Graziano, Lucia Anna Muscarella, Antonio Rossi, Lucia Rosalba Grillo, Giuseppe Montrone, Angela Di Lorenzo, Monica Bronzini, Alvaro Leone
Summary: The study aimed to test the reliability of the Idylla EGFR mutation test in reevaluating tumor specimens and found that the platform is highly reliable for differently treated tumor samples. Further validation in larger studies is recommended.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Ilaria Girolami, Ersilia Lucenteforte, Albino Eccher, Stefano Marletta, Matteo Brunelli, Paolo Graziano, Pasquale Pisapia, Umberto Malapelle, Giancarlo Troncone, Aldo Scarpa, Tao Huang, Liron Pantanowitz
Summary: The study aims to provide quantitative evidence on the diagnostic performance of novel biomarkers for malignant pleural mesothelioma. Through a systematic review and meta-analysis, it concludes that emerging biomarkers show close to 1.00 specificity but moderate sensitivity, which can be significantly improved by combining two biomarkers.
CANCER CYTOPATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Gianluca Russo, Francesco Pepe, Pasquale Pisapia, Lucia Palumbo, Mariantonia Nacchio, Elena Vigliar, Pierlorenzo Pallante, Paola Parente, Matteo Fassan, Paolo Graziano, Claudio Bellevicine, Giancarlo Troncone, Umberto Malapelle, Antonino Iaccarino
Summary: This article reviews the results of microsatellite instability (MSI) evaluation using a customized workflow and microfluidic system in a diagnostic routine practice over a period of 4 years. The results showed that the majority of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) had microsatellite stability (MSS) profile, while a minority had microsatellite high (MSI-H) profile. Similarly, in patients without colorectal cancer, both MSS and MSI-H profiles were observed.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hasibur Rehman, Darshan S. Chandrashekar, Chakravarthi Balabhadrapatruni, Saroj Nepal, Sai Akshaya Hodigere Balasubramanya, Abigail K. Shelton, Kasey R. Skinner, Ai-Hong Ma, Ting Rao, Sumit Agarwal, Marie-Lisa Eich, Alyncia D. Robinson, Gurudatta Naik, Upender Manne, George J. Netto, C. Ryan Miller, Chong-Xian Pan, Guru Sonpavde, Sooryanarayana Varambally, James E. Ferguson
Summary: The study reveals that bladder cancers with ARID1A mutations are more sensitive to EZH2 inhibitors and/or PI3K inhibitors. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that ARID1A deficiency leads to a dependency on PI3K signaling, and EZH2 inhibitor sensitivity is associated with upregulation of PIK3IP1. Moreover, combination therapy with EZH2 and PI3K inhibitors shows a synergistic effect on ARID1A-deficient bladder cancer.
Article
Biology
Kevin Tabury, Mehri Monavarian, Eduardo Listik, Abigail K. Shelton, Alex Seok Choi, Roel Quintens, Rebecca C. Arend, Nadine Hempel, C. Ryan Miller, Balazs Gyorrfy, Karthikeyan Mythreye
Summary: The study demonstrates the role of PVT1, a stress-induced long non-coding RNA, in ovarian cancer growth and metastasis. PVT1 is amplified and overexpressed in ovarian cancer, and its expression is regulated by tumor cells in response to cellular stress. High expression of PVT1 promotes tumor cell survival, growth, and migration, while reducing PVT1 levels effectively inhibits metastatic behavior and tumor cell dissemination. The findings suggest that PVT1 could be a promising therapeutic target to suppress metastasis and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Benjamin Lin, Julia Ziebro, Erin Smithberger, Kasey R. Skinner, Eva Zhao, Timothy F. Cloughesy, Zev A. Binder, Donald M. O'Rourke, David A. Nathanson, Frank B. Furnari, C. Ryan Miller
Summary: This article discusses the unique biology of EGFR in GBM, the challenges in treatment, and how they have influenced past and present EGFR-targeted therapeutic design and clinical trials. It also explores the adjustments needed to exploit EGFR in this disease.
Correction
Oncology
Benjamin Lin, Julia Ziebro, Erin Smithberger, Kasey R. Skinner, Eva Zhao, Timothy F. Cloughesy, Zev A. Binder, Donald M. O'Rourke, David A. Nathanson, Frank B. Furnari, C. Ryan Miller
Article
Oncology
Alvaro Leone, Lucia Anna Muscarella, Paolo Graziano, Andrea Tornese, Lucia Rosalba Grillo, Angela Di Lorenzo, Monica Bronzini, Stefania Scarpino, Angelo Sparaneo, Giulio Rossi
Summary: Updated international guidelines recommend NGS as the preferred procedure for NSCLC patients' evaluation for predictive biomarkers, but it is not universally available. Alternative molecular techniques are rapidly evolving, each with different characteristics and performance. The Idylla GeneFusion assay, a rapid and fully automated platform, shows promise as a stand-alone test or alternative option for ultra-rapid NSCLC patient profiling.
Article
Oncology
Pravin Kesarwani, Shiva Kant, Yi Zhao, C. Ryan Miller, Prakash Chinnaiyan
Summary: A ketogenic diet shows promising anti-tumor activity in glioblastoma but also promotes an immunosuppressive phenotype in tumor-associated macrophages, limiting its efficacy. Combining a ketogenic diet with CSF-1 inhibition improves survival, providing a rationale for testing this combination therapy in glioblastoma.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
G. C. Sajina, Kaysaw Tuy, Lucas Rickenbacker, Robert Jones, Asmi Chakraborty, C. Ryan Miller, Elizabeth A. Beierle, Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu, Anh N. Tran, James A. Mobley, Susan L. Bellis, Anita B. Hjelmeland
Summary: One of the potential roles of α2,6 sialylation and ST6GAL1 in glioblastoma is to increase tumor growth. GBM cells with high α2,6 sialylation showed increased in vitro growth and self-renewal capacity, while knockdown of ST6GAL1 decreased these abilities in brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs). ST6GAL1 regulates the levels of PDGF Receptor beta (PDGFRB), Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule, and Neuropilin, which bind to lectin-recognizing α2,6 sialic acid and contribute to GBM growth.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pravin Kesarwani, Shiva Kant, Yi Zhao, Antony Prabhu, Katie L. Buelow, C. Ryan Miller, Prakash Chinnaiyan
Summary: Considerable scientific effort has been devoted to understanding the biological consequences and therapeutic implications of abnormal tryptophan metabolism in brain tumors and neurodegenerative diseases. This study focuses on the downstream metabolism of tryptophan and the accumulation of quinolinate (QA) in glioblastoma, which was found to play a critical role in promoting immune tolerance and supporting tumor growth. Inhibition of QA production through targeting kynureninase may offer a promising therapeutic strategy to reverse the immune suppressive microenvironment in glioblastoma.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carla Maria Irene Quarato, Beatrice Feragalli, Donato Lacedonia, Gaetano Rea, Giulia Scioscia, Evaristo Maiello, Concetta Di Micco, Cristina Borelli, Antonio Mirijello, Paolo Graziano, Lucia Dimitri, Rosanna Villani, Marco Sperandeo
Summary: This study aimed to examine the efficacy of pulmonary contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differentiating between malignant and benign peripheral lung lesions. The results showed that the dynamic parameters of CEUS cannot effectively differentiate between the two types of lesions.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Paolo Graziano, Giulio Rossi
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Antonio Mirijello, Noemi Ritrovato, Angelo D'Agruma, Angela de Matthaeis, Luca Pazienza, Paola Parente, Dario Pio Cassano, Annalucia Biancofiore, Angelo Ambrosio, Illuminato Carosi, Ettore Serricchio, Paolo Graziano, Francesca Bazzocchi, Pamela Piscitelli, Salvatore De Cosmo
Summary: This case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the diagnostic process of abdominal lymphadenopathies. Through abdominal ultrasound, CT and MRI scans, and PET-CT detection, the patient was diagnosed with brucellosis in combination with latent tuberculosis. After surgical excision of the mass and six weeks of rifampin and doxycycline treatment, the symptoms were resolved.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)