Review
Cell Biology
John J. McCabe, Nicholas R. Evans, Sarah Gorey, Shiv Bhakta, James H. F. Rudd, Peter J. Kelly
Summary: In this review, the development of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) as an imaging modality for quantifying plaque vulnerability is discussed, along with the challenges in standardization of image acquisition and analysis, its potential application to routine clinical care after stroke, and its possible role in future drug discovery.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicole D. Bartolo, Niall Mortimer, Mariah A. Manter, Nicholas Sanchez, Misha Riley, Tiernan T. O'Malley, Jacob M. Hooker
Summary: Activation of microglial cells is associated with the progression of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease. Development of molecular imaging tools specific to microglia can help elucidate disease mechanisms. By analyzing genetic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data sets, researchers identified and ranked 19 microglia-specific genes based on their association with AD characteristics.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Eloise Thomas, Clelia Mathieu, Patricia Moreno-Gaona, Vincent Mittelheisser, Francois Lux, Olivier Tillement, Xavier Pivot, Paiman Peter Ghoroghchian, Alexandre Detappe
Summary: A novel PET-based anti-BCMA nanoplatform labeled with Cu-64 has shown improved sensitivity and specificity in monitoring minute plasma cell populations in the spine and femur compared to traditional immunoPET approaches in detecting tumor cells in MM patients. This immuno-nanoPET platform has the potential to enhance the management of MM patients when combined with tumor biopsy.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Xinhui Wang, Long Zhou, Yaofa Wang, Haochuan Jiang, Hongwei Ye
Summary: Positron emission tomography (PET) is a promising medical imaging technology that provides non-invasive and quantitative measurement of biochemical processes in the human body. In this study, a maximum a posteriori (MAP) reconstruction algorithm incorporating a convolutional neural network (CNN) was proposed to improve the noise-bias tradeoff in PET imaging. The results demonstrated that the CNN-MAP method achieved better noise-contrast tradeoff in patient studies compared to other methods, indicating its potential value in low-dose PET imaging.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ou Yamaguchi, Kyoichi Kaira, Ichiro Naruse, Yukihiro Umeda, Takeshi Honda, Satoshi Watanabe, Kosuke Ichikawa, Kazunari Tateishi, Norimitsu Kasahara, Tetsuya Higuchi, Kosuke Hashimoto, Shun Shinomiya, Yu Miura, Ayako Shiono, Atsuto Mouri, Hisao Imai, Kunihiko Iizuka, Tamotsu Ishizuka, Koichi Minato, Satoshi Suda, Hiroshi Kagamu, Keita Mori, Ichiei Kuji, Nobuhiko Seki
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinical relevance of F-18-FDG PET/CT compared to CT in predicting the response to PD-1 blockade in the early phase. The results showed that metabolic assessment by MTV or TLG was superior to morphological changes on CT for predicting the therapeutic response and survival.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stephen Mullin, Morten Gersel Stokholm, Derralyn Hughes, Atul Mehta, Peter Parbo, Rainer Hinz, Nicola Pavese, David J. Brooks, Anthony H. Schapira
Summary: The study found that carriers of glucocerebrosidase gene mutations without Parkinson's disease also present neuroinflammation. Microglial activation was observed in brain regions susceptible to Lewy pathology. Importantly, the degree of hyposmia was positively correlated with nigral binding potential.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Haohui Liu, Ying-Hwey Nai, Francis Saridin, Tomotaka Tanaka, Jim O' Doherty, Saima Hilal, Bibek Gyanwali, Christopher P. Chen, Edward G. Robins, Anthonin Reilhac
Summary: A novel amyloid-PET quantification approach using deep learning was proposed to remove the undesirable NS uptake and improve accuracy. The multimodal ScaleNet outperformed other networks in predicting NS content and showed increased association with cognitive and functional test scores after subtracting NS uptake. This new analysis approach opens opportunities for improved data modeling in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases utilizing PET imaging.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Beth Whittington, Evangelos Tzolos, Rong Bing, Jack Andrews, Christophe Lucatelli, Mark G. Macaskill, Adriana A. S. Tavares, Tim Clark, Nicholas L. Mills, Jennifer Nash, Damini Dey, Piotr J. Slomka, Norman Koglin, Andrew W. Stephens, Edwin J. R. van Beek, Colin Smith, Marc R. Dweck, Michelle C. Williams, William Whiteley, Joanna M. Wardlaw, David E. Newby
Summary: Using F-18-GP1 positron emission tomography and computed tomography angiography, it is possible to identify activated platelets and thrombus noninvasively, which has potential clinical application in establishing the role and origin of thrombus in ischemic stroke.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kiel D. Neumann, Vikram Seshadri, Xavier D. Thompson, Donna K. Broshek, Jason Druzgal, James C. Massey, Benjamin Newman, Jose Reyes, Spenser R. Simpson, Katelyenn S. McCauley, James Patrie, James R. Stone, Bijoy K. Kundu, Jacob E. Resch
Summary: Using [F-18]DPA-714 PET, this study found that central microglial activation persisted in athletes with concussion even after they achieved clinical recovery and were cleared for unrestricted return-to-play.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shiyong Li, Ye Wang, Miaojin Wu, Muhsin H. Younis, Aeli P. Olson, Todd E. Barnhart, Jonathan W. Engle, Xingen Zhu, Weibo Cai
Summary: This study found that glabridin-loaded nanoparticles can regulate M-o/M-phi polarization, reduce inflammatory damage, protect neurons, and improve nervous system function. Spleen-targeted nanoparticles have a protective effect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jussi Lehto, Marjo Nylund, Markus Matilainen, Marcus Sucksdorff, Anna Vuorimaa, Johan Rajander, Saara Wahlroos, Parisa Hariri, Laura Airas
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the activation of brain innate immune cells in teriflunomide-treated patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Imaging techniques including TSPO-PET and MRI were used to assess microglial activity, lesion load, and brain volume. The results showed that treated patients had slightly increased innate immune cell activation in the brain, but no significant changes in lesion-associated smoldering inflammation were observed.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Virginia Liberini, Michael Messerli, Lars Husmann, Ken Kudura, Hannes Grunig, Alexander Maurer, Stephan Skawran, Erika Orita, Daniele A. Pizzuto, Desiree Deandreis, Reinhard Dummer, Joanna Mangana, Daniela Mihic-Probst, Niels Rupp, Martin W. Huellner
Summary: BSREM detects significantly more ITM than OSEM, with higher SUVmax, higher TBR, and less blurring. BSREM is particularly helpful in small and less avid lesions, which are more often missed with OSEM.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Catherine G. Fitzgerald Dickmann, Alexander F. F. McDonald, Nhi Huynh, Angela Rigopoulos, Zhanqi Liu, Nancy Guo, Laura D. D. Osellame, Michael A. A. Gorman, Michael W. W. Parker, Hui K. K. Gan, Andrew M. M. Scott, Uwe Ackermann, Ingrid J. G. Burvenich, Jonathan M. M. White
Summary: A novel molecule, [F-18]BiPET-2, radiolabelled with positron emitting fluorine-18, has been developed and evaluated in vitro and preclinically in glioblastoma models.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jesus Calderon-Villalon, Gabriel Ramirez-Garcia, Juan Fernandez-Ruiz, Fernanda Sangri-Gil, Aurelio Campos-Romo, Victor Galvez
Summary: Planning deficits in early HD-subjects are correlated with occipital and temporal cortical degeneration, in addition to frontal areas deterioration.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Siddheshwari Dutt Mishra, Maitreyee Dutta
Summary: This paper presents an interactive study for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease through medical image analysis. The proposed multi-modality fused deep convolutional neural network overcomes the limitations of single modality, providing a wider spectrum of brain images and improving accuracy. Experimental results show the efficacy of the proposed model with a testing accuracy of 98.9% at a learning rate of 0.0001 and a 80:20% training-testing ratio.