Article
Microbiology
Alberto Berardi, Viola Trevisani, Antonella Di Caprio, Paola Caccamo, Giuseppe Latorre, Sabrina Loprieno, Alessandra Foglianese, Nicola Laforgia, Barbara Perrone, Giangiacomo Nicolini, Matilde Ciccia, Maria Grazia Capretti, Chiara Giugno, Vittoria Rizzo, Daniele Merazzi, Silvia Fanaro, Lucia Taurino, Rita Maria Pulvirenti, Silvia Orlandini, Cinzia Auriti, Cristina Haass, Laura Ligi, Giulia Vellani, Chryssoula Tzialla, Cristina Tuoni, Daniele Santori, Lorenza Baroni, Mariachiara China, Jenny Bua, Federica Visintini, Lidia Decembrino, Roberta Creti, Francesca Miselli, Luca Bedetti, Licia Lugli
Summary: The effectiveness of inadequate intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP administered < 4 h prior to delivery) in preventing early-onset sepsis (EOS) is debated. Italian prospective surveillance cohort data (2003-2022) were used to study the type and duration of IAP according to the timing of symptoms onset of group B streptococcus (GBS) and E. coli culture-confirmed EOS cases. IAP-exposed neonates frequently develop symptoms of EOS after birth, up to 48 h of life and beyond.
Article
Immunology
Corinna Koebnick, Margo A. Sidell, Darios Getahun, Sara Y. Tartof, Emily Rozema, Brianna Taylor, Anny H. Xiang, Michael W. Spiller, Andrea J. Sharma, Sagori Mukhopadhyay, Karen M. Puopolo, Stephanie J. Schrag
Summary: Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis may lead to increased childhood body mass index, especially in the prevention of group B streptococcal infection. This study found that breastfeeding does not modify this association.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Sagori Mukhopadhyay, Matthew Bryan, Miren B. Dhudasia, William Quarshie, Jeffrey S. Gerber, Robert W. Grundmeier, Corinna Koebnick, Margo A. Sidell, Darios Getahun, Andrea J. Sharma, Michael W. Spiller, Stephanie J. Schrag, Karen Marie Puopolo
Summary: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 13,804 term infants to determine the difference in rate of weight gain from birth to 5 years based on exposure to maternal group B streptococcal (GBS) intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP). The study found that GBS-specific IAP was associated with a modest increase in the rate of early childhood weight gain, indicating the need for further research on the effects of intrapartum antibiotic exposure on childhood growth.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Hong Zhang, Kang Xu, Zhihui Liu, Yuanmei Shi, Hui Li, Xiaoping Yin
Summary: Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis of group B streptococcus may increase the cumulative incidence and risk of food allergy in children under 18 months old, but it had no significant effect on children under three years old.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Zhang Hong, Ren Jing, Li Hui, Xu Kang, Zhang Chunmei, Wang Yang, Zhou Baojian, Ding Xin, Yin Xiaoping
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed the impact of maternal group B streptococcus antibiotic prophylaxis on atopic dermatitis in 2-year-old children. The findings suggest that preventive GBS-IAP may increase the risk of atopic dermatitis in children delivered vaginally.
Article
Pediatrics
Ping Liu, Qiaoli Feng, Yiheng Liang, Xinxin Wang, Zhansong Xiao, Liting Huang, Yun Li, Yuqing Deng, Lin Yu, Yang Xin, Shangrong Fan
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the status of maternal rectovaginal GBS colonization, antimicrobial susceptibility, and maternal and neonatal outcomes after different antibiotic prophylaxis regimens. The use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis was highly effective in reducing maternal rectovaginal GBS colonization. Cefazolin may offer equivalent efficacy and safety compared to standard penicillin prophylaxis.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhu Chen, Chen Zhijie, Zhou Yuting, Li Chan, Xiao Shilin, Zhou Qichun, Ou Jinying, Li Jing, Luo Chaohua, Mo Zhixian
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of isorhynchophylline on morphine dependence through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Results showed that isorhynchophylline could reverse changes in intestinal flora in morphine-dependent zebrafish. Disrupting the gut microbiota with antibiotics affected morphine addiction in zebrafish, indicating a potential interaction between gut microbiota and drug addiction mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Xiaoli Chen, Sijia Cao, Xiaochun Fu, Yan Ni, Bixuan Huang, Jiayin Wu, Ling Chen, Shuying Huang, Jiali Cao, Weiwei Yu, Huiming Ye
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the data of 43,822 pregnant women in Xiamen, China from 2016 to 2018. The results showed that pregnant women with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at a higher risk of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection, and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) is highly effective in preventing adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. This study highlights the importance of universal screening for maternal GBS status and IAP administration in China, with a focus on women with DM.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Laura Diamond, Rachel Wine, Shaun K. Morris
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of intrapartum antibiotics on the infant GI microbiome, finding that the use of antibiotics may lead to reductions in Bifidobacterium and alpha diversity, as well as changes in beta diversity. These findings have implications for maternal and neonatal health interventions.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qingsong Qu, Fang Yang, Chongyan Zhao, Xing Liu, Pengshuo Yang, Zhixun Li, Lu Han, Xinyuan Shi
Summary: Fermented ginseng has demonstrated efficacy in treating symptoms of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) and colon inflammation, as well as restoring the gut microbiota to its original state. Different doses of fermented ginseng exert varying influences on the gut microbiota, with excessively high or low doses being disadvantageous for resolving AAD symptoms and promoting recovery.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Miren B. Dhudasia, Jonathan M. Spergel, Karen M. Puopolo, Corinna Koebnick, Matthew Bryan, Robert W. Grundmeier, Jeffrey S. Gerber, Scott A. Lorch, William O. Quarshie, Theoklis Zaoutis, Sagori Mukhopadhyay
Summary: Maternal intrapartum GBS antibiotic prophylaxis is not associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma, eczema, food allergy, or allergic rhinitis in the first 5 years of age.
Article
Microbiology
Jingyan Li, Tianping Bao, Linxia Cao, Mengmeng Ma, Yuan Zhang, Zhaofang Tian
Summary: This study investigated the effects of early postnatal hyperoxia exposure combined with early ovalbumin sensitization on lung inflammation and bacterial flora in neonatal mice. The results showed that mice in the hyperoxia+OVA group exhibited asthma-like symptoms, with significant airway inflammation and thickening of the airway wall. There were also changes in cellular components, cytokine levels, and lung microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Carlos Augusto das Neves, Carlos Henrique Alves, Natalia Conceicao Rocha, Karina Ferreira Rizzardi, Karolyne Larissa Russi, Alexandre Augusto Albigiante Palazzi, Thais Manzano Parisotto, Raquel Girardello
Summary: Prophylactic therapy with antiseptic and antibiotic did not significantly reduce the oral bacterial load in healthy patients undergoing impacted lower third molar extraction. The study warns against the overuse of antiseptics and antibiotics in dentistry and the need for better evaluation of available protocols.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Eileen D. Hutton, Julia C. Simioni, Lehana G. Thabane, Katherine Morrison, Alison C. Holloway, Helen McDonald, Elyanne M. Ratcliffe, Jonathan D. Schertzer, Jennifer C. Stearns, Mike G. Surette
Summary: This prospective study found that exposure to intrapartum antibiotics can affect infant outcomes related to growth, atopic disease, gastrointestinal symptoms, and sleep. In addition, intrapartum and early neonatal antibiotic exposure are associated with an increased risk of fungal infection. Therefore, the use of intrapartum and early neonatal antibiotics should be carefully considered, weighing the risks and benefits.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Gianluigi Laccetta, Maria Di Chiara, Annalisa Cardillo, Maria Chiara De Nardo, Gianluca Terrin
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review on the short- and long-term health consequences of exposure to phthalates during the neonatal period. The findings suggest that phthalate exposure is associated with neurobehavioral performance, motor abilities, gut microbiota, and growth spurt in newborns.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)