Article
Neurosciences
Eliane Correa Miotto, Sonia Maria Dozzi Brucki, Carlos T. Cerqueira, Paulo R. Bazan, Geise Aline de Almeida Silva, Maria da Graca M. Martin, Paula Squarzoni da Silveira, Daniele de Paula Faria, Artur Martins Coutinho, Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel, Geraldo Busatto Filho, Ricardo Nitrini
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Aβ deposition, functional hippocampal activity, and structural volume on ecological episodic memory in patients with aMCI. The results showed that aMCI patients with positive and negative Aβ PET PIB had worse performance in most traditional neuropsychological tests compared to healthy controls. The classification model revealed differential neural correlates, hippocampal volume, and function in aMCI patients with Aβ deposition.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Eva C. Alden, Shehroo B. Pudumjee, Emily S. Lundt, Sabrina M. Albertson, Mary M. Machulda, Walter K. Kremers, Clifford R. Jack, David S. Knopman, Ronald C. Petersen, Michelle M. Mielke, Nikki H. Stricker
Summary: The study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the Cogstate Brief Battery for MCI and prodromal AD in a population-based sample. The results showed that the diagnostic accuracy of CBB improved when discriminating between CU A-T- and MCI A+T+ as well as differentiating MCI participants without AD biomarkers from those with prodromal AD. However, the clinical utility of CBB for detecting MCI in a population-based sample was found to be lower than expected.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cameron T. Ellis, Lena J. Skalaban, Tristan S. Yates, Vikranth R. Bejjanki, Natalia Cordova, Nicholas B. Turk-Browne
Summary: The hippocampus is essential for human memory and supports statistical learning. Infants' hippocampal function is recruited for statistical learning around 3 months, regardless of age. In addition, statistical learning is clearer in the anterior hippocampus than the posterior hippocampus.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Minjie Wu, Noah Schweitzer, Bistra E. Iordanova, Edythe Halligan-Eddy, Dana L. Tudorascu, Chester A. Mathis, Brian J. Lopresti, M. Ilyas Kamboh, Ann D. Cohen, Beth E. Snitz, William E. Klunk, Howard J. Aizenstein
Summary: This study explored the interactive effects of small vessel disease (SVD) and amyloid-beta (Aβ) pathology on hippocampal functional connectivity and volume in cognitively normal older adults. The results showed that in older adults with white matter hyperintensities (WMH+), higher Aβ burden was associated with increased hippocampal local connectivity and lower gray matter density in the medial temporal lobe (MTL). In older adults without WMH, higher Aβ burden was associated with increased hippocampal distal connectivity and no changes in MTL gray matter density. These findings provide support for a hippocampal excitotoxicity model linking SVD to neurodegeneration and the progression to Alzheimer's disease (AD).
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Giulia Marselli, Francesca Favieri, Maria Casagrande
Summary: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a syndrome characterized by a decline in cognitive performance that exceeds what is expected for an individual based on their age and education level, but does not significantly interfere with daily activities. Previous studies have mainly focused on memory in the analysis of MCI and more severe cases of dementia. Autobiographical memory (AM), a specific memory system, has been extensively studied in Alzheimer's disease, but its impairment in MCI is still controversial.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chris B. Martin, Bryan Hong, Rachel N. Newsome, Katarina Savel, Melissa E. Meade, Andrew Xia, Christopher J. Honey, Morgan D. Barense
Summary: The act of remembering everyday experiences affects our perception of the world, future thinking, and self-perception. However, the ability to recall specific details and relive the past tends to decline with age. To address this, a smartphone application called HippoCamera was developed to help older adults enhance their episodic memory. By repeatedly reactivating memories of real-world events, participants experienced improved recollection and more positive emotions. These benefits were observed shortly after the intervention and even after a 3-month delay.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Santiago Bullich, Andre Mueller, Susan De Santi, Norman Koglin, Stephen Krause, June Kaplow, Michio Kanekiyo, Nuria Roe-Vellve, Audrey Perrotin, Aleksandar Jovalekic, David Scott, Michelle Gee, Andrew Stephens, Michael Irizarry
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate tau deposition using F-18-PI-2620 PET in beta-amyloid positive subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild AD dementia, and investigate its correlation with amyloid deposition, CSF assessment, hippocampal volume, and cognition. The results showed significant associations between tau deposition and hippocampal volume, CSF biomarkers, and amyloid-beta load. The quantifiable increases in F-18-PI-2620 SUVR in regions with early tau deposition support the hypothesis that cortical tau is associated with cognitive impairment in AD. The study highlights the utility of F-18-PI-2620 PET in assessing tau deposits in early AD cases.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fernanda dos Santos Petry, Juliana Bender Hoppe, Caroline Peres Klein, Bernardo Gindri dos Santos, Regis Mateus Hozer, Felippo Bifi, Cristiane Matte, Christianne Gazzana Salbego, Vera Maria Treis Trindade
Summary: This study evaluated the protective effect of genistein against Aβ(1-42)-induced cognitive impairment and elucidated some possible mechanisms involved in its neuroprotective effects in the hippocampus, including attenuation of synaptotoxicity, prevention of Tau hyperphosphorylation, and inactivation of ERK.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ahmed T. Hussin, Saman Abbaspoor, Kari L. Hoffman
Summary: Research has found that increasing memory age is associated with increased alpha oscillations in the retrosplenial cortex and decreased hippocampocortical synchrony, indicating a potential shift in memory allocation or changes in selection among distributed memory representations in the primate brain.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jeremy Lefort-Besnard, Mikael Naveau, Nicolas Delcroix, Leslie Marion Decker, Fabien Cignetti
Summary: There is increasing evidence of different subtypes of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In this study, MCI participants were divided into three neuropsychological subgroups. The study found specific predictive features that can differentiate different subgroups and cognitively normal individuals. The comprehensive data analytics strategy provides further evidence of the clinical and neurobiological significance of multimodal neuropsychological subtyping.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Gyihyaon Yun, Hye Jin Kim, Hyug-Gi Kim, Kyung Mi Lee, Il Ki Hong, Sang Hoon Kim, Hak Young Rhee, Geon-Ho Jahng, Sung Sang Yoon, Key-Chung Park, Kyo Seon Hwang, Jin San Lee
Summary: The study found significant differences in plasma A beta (42/40) levels between the normal control group and Alzheimer's disease group, which best predicted the amyloid PET positivity. Higher levels of plasma A beta (42/40) were negatively correlated with verbal and visual memory performance.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Liisa Raud, Markus H. Sneve, Didac Vidal-Pineiro, Oystein Sorensen, Line Folvik, Hedda T. Ness, Athanasia M. Mowinckel, Hakon Grydeland, Kristine B. Walhovd, Anders M. Fjell
Summary: Memory encoding and retrieval are important processes in episodic memory, with the hippocampus playing a key role. However, the connectivity between the hippocampus and neocortex during memory processing in humans is not well understood. This study used data from two large-scale functional resonance imaging studies to identify hippocampal-cortical networks active during memory tasks. The functional connectivity maps were similar during resting state, encoding, and retrieval, and the connectivity profiles of the anterior and posterior hippocampus were stable across different states. During retrieval, the hippocampal connectivity with areas involved in recollection increased, while encoding connectivity likely reflected contextual factors.
Article
Neurosciences
Anni Richter, Joram Soch, Jasmin M. Kizilirmak, Larissa Fischer, Hartmut Schutze, Anne Assmann, Gusalija Behnisch, Hannah Feldhoff, Lea Knopf, Matthias Raschick, Annika Schult, Constanze I. Seidenbecher, Renat Yakupov, Emrah Duezel, Bjorn H. Schott
Summary: In this study, we investigated the associations between two single-value scores and brain function and cognitive changes in middle-aged and older adults. The results showed that these scores were related to memory recall performance and one of the scores also correlated with brain gray matter and other neuropsychological measures. This suggests that single-value scores of memory-related fMRI provide valuable information about network dysfunction in individuals and age-related cognitive decline.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Cristina Sole-Padulles, Didac Macia, Micael Andersson, Mikael Stiernstedt, Sara Pudas, Sandra Duezel, Eniko Zsoldos, Klaus P. Ebmeier, Julia Binnewies, Christian A. Drevon, Andreas M. Brandmaier, Athanasia M. Mowinckel, Anders M. Fjell, Kathrine Skak Madsen, William F. C. Baare, Ulman Lindenberger, Lars Nyberg, Kristine B. Walhovd, David Bartres-Faz
Summary: Loneliness is associated with worsening of verbal episodic memory in older adults, especially in individuals experiencing progressive cognitive decline.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John J. Sakon, Michael J. Kahana
Summary: Recent research shows that the frequency of hippocampal ripples increases before the free recall of recently formed memories. This effect is stronger in certain regions of the hippocampus and more prominent during the retrieval of temporally and semantically clustered memories, indicating the involvement of ripples in episodic memory reinstatement.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cathryn McKenzie, Romola S. Bucks, Michael Weinborn, Pierrick Bourgeat, Olivier Salvado, Brandon E. Gavett
Summary: The study found that brain reserve and cognitive reserve can predict slower decline in executive function in older adults. When Alzheimer's disease pathology is low, only brain reserve can attenuate decline. Education is not independently associated with cognitive decline.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pratishtha Chatterjee, Lisa Vermunt, Brian A. Gordon, Steve Pedrini, Lynn Boonkamp, Nicola J. Armstrong, Chengjie Xiong, Abhay K. Singh, Yan Li, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Kevin Taddei, Mark Molloy, Tammie L. S. Benzinger, John C. Morris, Celeste Karch, Sarah Berman, Jasmeer Chhatwal, Carlos Cruchaga, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Gregory S. Day, Martin Farlow, Nick Fox, Alison Goate, Jason Hassenstab, Jae-Hong Lee, Johannes Levin, Eric McDade, Hiroshi Mori, Richard Perrin, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Peter R. Schofield, Allan Levey, Mathias Jucker, Colin L. Masters, Anne M. Fagan, Randall J. Bateman, Ralph N. Martins, Charlotte Teunissen
Summary: This study found that plasma GFAP levels increase a decade before symptom onset in AD and are associated with Aβ load, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Kelsey R. Sewell, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Victor L. Villemagne, Jeremiah Peiffer, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Kevin Taddei, David Ames, Vincent Dore, Paul Maruff, Simon M. Laws, Colin L. Masters, Christopher C. Rowe, Ralph N. Martins, Kirk Erickson, Belinda M. Brown
Summary: The study suggests that physical activity may play a moderating role in the relationship between sleep, cognitive function, and brain A beta burden.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carolina B. Castro, Cintia B. Dias, Heidi Hillebrandt, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Pratishtha Chatterjee, Tejal M. Shah, Stephanie J. Fuller, Manohar L. Garg, Ralph N. Martins
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) supplementation on circulating ketone bodies and cognition in individuals with cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. The results showed that MCFA supplementation increases blood ketone levels and enhances brain energy metabolism. However, the effects on cognition varied and further research is needed to determine if MCFA-mediated increase in brain energy metabolism can improve cognition.
Article
Psychology, Educational
Thomas B. McGuckian, Peter H. Wilson, Rich D. Johnston, Shahin Rahimi-Golkhandan, Jan Piek, Dido Green, Jeffrey M. Rogers, Paul Maruff, Bert Steenbergen, Scott Ruddock
Summary: This longitudinal study examined the development of children's complex executive function (EF) using the Groton Maze Learning Task (GMLT). A total of 147 children (61 males, ages 5.5-11 years) were recruited from six multicultural primary schools in Melbourne and Perth, Australia. The study spanned from 2010 to 2012, with assessments on the GMLT conducted every 6 months. Growth curve models indicated a quadratic growth trajectory in each measure of error, reflecting visuospatial memory, executive control, and complex EF. The ability to apply rules for action, a key aspect of complex EF, developed rapidly during early-to-mid childhood.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Aleksandar Jovalekic, Nuria Roe-Vellve, Norman Koglin, Mariana Lagos Quintana, Aaron Nelson, Markus Diemling, Johan Lilja, Juan Pablo Gomez-Gonzalez, Vincent Dore, Pierrick Bourgeat, Alex Whittington, Roger Gunn, Andrew W. Stephens, Santiago Bullich
Summary: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the robustness of FBB PET quantification. The results showed that quantitative methods provided comparable results to visual assessments, indicating their potential in early detection, disease monitoring, and treatment evaluation for amyloid deposition.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Pratishtha Chatterjee, Vincent Dore, Steve Pedrini, Natasha Krishnadas, Rohith Thota, Pierrick Bourgeat, Milos D. Ikonomovic, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Samantha C. Burnham, Christopher Fowler, Kevin Taddei, Rachel Mulligan, David Ames, Colin L. Masters, Jurgen Fripp, Christopher C. Rowe, Ralph N. Martins, Victor L. Villemagne
Summary: Astrocyte reactivity is associated with the elevation of plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) in Alzheimer's disease. The association between plasma GFAP and regional F-18-SMBT-1 PET is dependent on brain β-amyloid (Aβ) load.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Tia L. Cummins, Vincent Dore, Azadeh Feizpour, Natasha Krishnadas, Pierrick Bourgeat, Alby Elias, Fiona Lamb, Robert Williams, Malcolm Hopwood, Susan Landau, Victor L. Villemagne, Michael Weiner, Christopher C. Rowe
Summary: This case control study used positron emission tomography (PET) to investigate the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in veterans with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The results showed no significant differences in beta-amyloid, tau, or brain metabolism between the TBI and control groups. These findings were validated in other independent cohorts. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is no increase in neuropathological markers of AD in veterans with a history of TBI.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ariane Bollack, Pawel J. Markiewicz, Alle Meije Wink, Lloyd Prosser, Johan Lilja, Pierrick Bourgeat, Jonathan M. Schott, William Coath, Lyduine E. Collij, Hugh G. Pemberton, Gill Farrar, Frederik Barkhof, David M. Cash
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of four novel data-driven metrics against conventional techniques for quantifying amyloid-beta (Aβ) pathology. The results showed that the Aβ load, Aβ index, and CLNMF metrics can provide comparable performance to established quantification methods. These new metrics may offer more precise alternatives and further studies in larger cohorts should be conducted.
Article
Neurosciences
Martin Saint-Jalmes, Victor Fedyashov, Daniel Beck, Timothy Baldwin, Noel G. Faux, Pierrick Bourgeat, Jurgen Fripp, Colin L. Masters, Benjamin Goudey
Summary: The recent development of statistical models that relate changes in biomarkers with neurodegeneration and worsening condition linked to Alzheimer's Disease (AD) has potential benefits for early diagnosis and monitoring of affected individuals. One such model is the disease progression model (DPM), which describes the temporal dynamics of relevant biomarkers. However, a challenge faced by DPMs is the estimation of patient-realigning time-shifts due to the heterogeneous nature of the disease. This study proposes a probabilistic approach to estimate an individual's progression through AD using multiple biomarkers, and the results show that the estimated scores are robust and can be used as a pseudo-temporal scale for understanding the general trend in biomarker evolution.
Article
Clinical Neurology
John J. Alam, Paul Maruff, Susan R. Doctrow, Hui-May Chu, Jennifer Conway, Stephen N. Gomperts, Charlotte Teunissen
Summary: This study evaluates the relationship between plasma tau phosphorylated at residue 181 (ptau181), a biomarker of Alzheimer disease (AD) copathology, and the treatment effects of the p38 alpha kinase inhibitor neflamapimod in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The results suggest that DLB patients with lower pretreatment ptau181 levels may show better treatment response to neflamapimod, with improvement in attention, cognitive assessment, and daily functioning. Plasma biomarkers of AD copathology should be considered as stratification variables in DLB clinical trials.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yi-En Quek, Pierrick Bourgeat, Yi Leng Fung, Simon J. Vogrin, Steven J. Collins, Stephen C. Bowden
Summary: This study aimed to validate the measurements of entorhinal and transentorhinal cortical volumes using the automated segmentation tool ASHS-T1. ASHS-T1 tended to underestimate the volumes compared to manual segmentation and FreeSurfer. There was low agreement between ASHS-T1 and manual segmentation volumes, and low-to-moderate agreement between ASHS-T1 and FreeSurfer volumes. ASHS-T1 showed higher consistency and agreement for the entorhinal cortex in aMCI and AD groups compared to the HC group. Despite the measurement differences, ASHS-T1 was sensitive to cortical atrophy in both early and late stages of the disease.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ying Xia, Paul Maruff, Vincent Dore, Pierrick Bourgeat, Simon M. Laws, Christopher Fowler, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Ralph N. Martins, Victor L. Villemagne, Christopher C. Rowe, Colin L. Masters, Elizabeth J. Coulson, Jurgen Fripp
Summary: Dysfunction of the cholinergic basal forebrain system and amyloid-beta deposition are early pathological features in Alzheimer's disease. This study found that Aβ is associated with volume loss in the BF and hippocampus, and the effect varies within BF subregions. The degeneration of BF subregions during early AD also shows distinctive characteristics.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Tia L. Cummins, Vincent Dore, Azadeh Feizpour, Natasha Krishnadas, Pierrick Bourgeat, Alby Elias, Fiona Lamb, Robert Williams, Malcolm Hopwood, Susan Landau, Victor L. Villemagne, Michael C. Weiner, Christopher Rowe
Summary: This study investigates the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in military veterans with traumatic brain injury (TBI) using PET imaging. The findings suggest that even with a history of TBI, there is no increase in the accumulation of neuropathological markers of AD in veterans.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2023)
