Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xin Huang, Zengshuai Zhang, Xueli Ren, Peng Gu, Kunlun Yang, Hengfeng Miao
Summary: This research provides a comprehensive characterization of SMPs derived from municipal secondary effluent. The study finds that the hydrophobic fraction with low molecular weight compounds has the highest potential for disinfection by-product formation. Phospholipids and fatty acids with carboxyl functional groups are identified as the main chemical classes that promote the formation of haloacetic acids.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xingyue Li, Shiqi Liu, Shiqi Wang, Li Feng, Peng Gao, Yongze Liu, Liqiu Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the various advanced treatment processes for the secondary effluent of municipal wastewater treatment plants and their impact on dissolved organic matter (DOM) and disinfection byproduct (DBP) generation. The results showed that the biological aerated filter (BAF) and ozonation processes significantly affected DOM characteristics and subsequent DBP generation. Low molecular weight hydrophobic DOM removal resulted in a reduction in DBP production, while ozonation led to an increase in halogenated aldehydes (HALs) and halogenated ketones (HKs). Humic acid (HA) was identified as the main organic type in DOM and an important precursor for DBPs. The specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA) was found to be a critical factor for trichloromethane (TCM) generation. Large molecule hydrophobic DOM contributed the most to the formation of carbonaceous disinfection by-products, and NH4+-N content affected the generation of nitrogenous disinfection by-products.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Hechao Chen, Jidao Xie, Chengxiang Huang, Yining Liang, Yulin Zhang, Xiaoyan Zhao, Yuhua Ling, Lei Wang, Qi Zheng, Xiaoqiu Yang
Summary: A database of 6310 disinfection by-products (DBPs) reported between 1974 and 2022 was constructed, providing a tool for screening new DBPs, comprehensive review, and predictive model development. The study presented the origin of the collected DBPs and conducted comparative analysis on their basic information. Most DBPs remained to be identified, with acids as the main functional groups, aliphatic and aromatic compounds as the major carbon frameworks, and molecular weights ranging from 200 to 400 Da.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dong Wan, Jie Wang, Tong Chen, Weiming Xiang, Steplinpaulselvin Selvinsimpson, Yong Chen
Summary: This study investigates the impact of chlorine, UV254, and ozone disinfection processes on the photosensitized degradation of contaminants. The results show that disinfection processes significantly alter the formation rate of photoinduced reactive species (RS) from dissolved organic matter (DOM) and increase the photodegradation rate constants (k(obs)) of contaminants.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Xin Zhou, Xiaoya Ren, Yu Chen, Haopeng Feng, Jiangfang Yu, Kang Peng, Yuying Zhang, Wenhao Chen, Jing Tang, Jiajia Wang, Lin Tang
Summary: Sulfate radicals have been increasingly used for water disinfection due to their strong redox ability and high selectivity. However, there is a lack of reviews on sulfate radicals inactivating pathogenic microorganisms, and less attention has been paid to disinfection by-products. This paper provides an overview of sulfate radicals' properties, summarizes the progress in water disinfection, and discusses the disinfection by-products. Specific solutions and future research directions are also proposed.
FRONTIERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
K. van Gijn, Y. L. Chen, B. van Oudheusden, S. Gong, H. A. de Wilt, H. H. M. Rijnaarts, A. A. M. Langenhoff
Summary: Upgrading wastewater treatment plants to improve micropollutant removal is important. Biological pretreatment can decrease energy demand effectively.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yating Zhu, Jianxin Nie, Xin Yang, Xiaohong Guan
Summary: Treatment of TBBPA with Fe(VI)-CaSO3 can effectively remove TBBPA, reduce the toxic risk of DBPs, and has the potential for practical application in water treatment.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Daniel Sauter, Andrea Steuer, Kenneth Wasmund, Bela Hausmann, Ulrich Szewzyk, Alexander Sperlich, Regina Gnirss, Myriel Cooper, Thomas Wintgens
Summary: This study investigated the effect of filter media on the removal of organic contaminants and biofilm properties in biologically activated carbon (BAC) and anthracite biofilters. The results showed that the use of BAC improved the removal of organic pollutants and dissolved oxygen, and it was a more suitable condition for biotransformation of certain organic micropollutants compared to anthracite.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yuanxi Huang, Haoyu Xu, Baiyang Chen, Huimei Pan, Zechao Qiu
Summary: Haloacetaldehydes (HALs), common disinfection byproducts in drinking water, can be effectively degraded by UV254, with chloride as the major product and substantial decrease in total organic carbon. The simultaneous cleavage of carbon-chloride bonds in Cl-HALs during photolysis was observed, and factors such as free chlorine and various ions were found to influence the photolysis rates.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Melanie Vines, Leigh G. G. Terry
Summary: In this study, bromine disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in tap water were simulated by adding bromine under different concentrations. The results showed that combined granular activated carbon filtration and biofiltration can remove 89.5% of brominated DBPs. This study provides recommendations on biofilter parameters for utilities to reduce the formation of both regulated and unregulated haloacetic acids (HAAs) during the drinking water treatment process.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
N. Pichel, H. Lubarsky, A. Afkhami, V. Baldasso, L. Botero, J. Salazar, M. Hincapie, J. A. Byrne, P. Fernandez-Ibanez
Summary: The study assessed the impact of particulate matter and NOM on UVC disinfection efficiency, finding that the presence of HA significantly reduced the inactivation rate of MS2, while turbidity had a minimal effect on UVC disinfection efficiency.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Haoyuan Zhang, Peng Gao, Yongze Liu, Ziwen Du, Li Feng, Liqiu Zhang
Summary: This study systematically investigated the effects of different types of nitrogen sources on the formation of nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs). It was found that organic nitrogen sources and inorganic nitrogen sources have different effects on the formation of N-DBPs. Chloramine was identified as the major nitrogen contributor to the formation of N-DBPs in the presence of multiple nitrogen sources. Moreover, environmental factors such as reaction time, pH, and bromide were found to influence the formation of N-DBPs.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sandeep Singh Shekhawat, Niha Mohan Kulshreshtha, Vivekanand Vivekanand, Akhilendra Bhushan Gupta
Summary: The study found that hybrid chlorine and UV disinfection treatment was more effective in microbial diversity and antibiotic resistant genes in treated sewage compared to single disinfection treatments. All disinfectants used resulted in increased abundance of antibiotic resistant genes. Hybrid disinfection treatment was the most effective method in alleviating the risks associated with the reuse of treated sewage.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Israel J. Lopez-Prieto, Minkyu Park, Mojtaba AzadiAghdam, Hongrui Pan, Sara L. Jones, Shane A. Snyder
Summary: Different groups of disinfection by-products (DBPs) were studied during the degradation of iopamidol by the sequential oxidation process and chlorination. The results showed that increasing chlorine contact time resulted in higher concentrations of all DBP groups, except for iodinated-DBPs. The study also detected new iodinated DBPs, suggesting further research is needed in this area.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bin Xue, Xuan Guo, Jinrui Cao, Shuran Yang, Zhigang Qiu, Jingfeng Wang, Zhiqiang Shen
Summary: Increased disinfection of wastewater during the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a higher production of toxic disinfection by-products. This review focuses on the use of chlorine-based disinfectants in wastewater treatment plants worldwide. The formation, distribution, and ecological risks of these disinfection by-products in wastewater are analyzed, along with approaches to mitigate their levels. This study provides a comprehensive overview for selecting appropriate wastewater disinfection techniques, assessing potential ecological risks, and considering removal approaches and regulations.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Javier A. Locsin, Kalli M. Hood, Evelyne Dore, Benjamin F. Trueman, Graham A. Gagnon
Summary: Lead colloids present unique challenges for maintaining drinking water quality and can be mistakenly classified as soluble lead. Advances in analytical techniques have allowed for more precise identification and characterization of lead colloids and their interactions with other compounds. This review identifies key factors promoting colloidal lead formation and mobility and evaluates the use of colloidal analysis as a diagnostic tool.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Lindsay E. Anderson, Isobel DeMont, Dewey D. Dunnington, Paul Bjorndahl, Dave J. Redden, Michael J. Brophy, Graham A. Gagnon
Summary: Reduced atmospheric acid deposition has led to recovery in surface water quality, with increasing pH, acid neutralization capacity, and alkalinity. The recovery is accompanied by changes in natural organic matter concentration and composition, as well as trace metal cycling. These trends pose challenges for drinking water treatment, requiring comprehensive monitoring programs and a better understanding of treatment vulnerabilities and adaptive technologies.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
N. E. McCormick, M. Earle, A. K. Stoddart, M. G. I. Langille, G. A. Gagnon
Summary: There is increasing regulatory interest in removing manganese (Mn) from drinking water due to health concerns. This study investigated the impact of source water type on the composition of filter media biofilm in full-scale biofilters in New Brunswick, Canada. The results showed that the microbial community and extracellular polymeric substance composition of Mn removing biofilters can be significantly affected by source water type.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Leili Abkar, Anita Taylor, Amina Stoddart, Graham Gagnon
Summary: Little is known about the changes in microbial community, filter media characteristics, and hydraulic performance during disruptive events in biofilters. This study conducted core samplings over two years and analyzed the microbiome, filter media attributes, and hydraulic performance indicators to understand the changes and their interrelations. The findings suggest that hydraulic performance declined during disruptive events, reflecting in the microbiome community structure and activity of the biofilter. Replacing filter media showed a more noticeable shift in the microbial community than a diatom bloom and subsequent chlorination.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kyle D. Rauch, Sean A. MacIsaac, Amina K. Stoddart, Graham A. Gagnon
Summary: UV auditing is a method used to evaluate and validate UV systems, which can estimate the minimum fluence required, provide inactivation results, and determine the limitations of water treatment facilities. This method has been successfully applied in different wastewater treatment facilities and can detect seasonal differences.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sean A. MacIsaac, Kyle D. Rauch, Taylor Prest, Richard M. Simons, Graham A. Gagnon, Amina K. Stoddart
Summary: Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection technology, although widely used in water treatment, has negative environmental consequences. UV LEDs offer a climate responsive and improved solution by outperforming conventional low pressure (LP) systems at bench-scale. This study proves that UV LED reactors are expected to have lower energy consumption compared to LP systems by 2025 by providing a 24.6% and 43.4% reduction in power consumption for the 30 and 40 mJ cm(-2) scenarios, respectively.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emalie K. Hayes, Madison T. Gouthro, Jason J. LeBlanc, Graham A. Gagnon
Summary: A multiplex RT-qPCR-based method was designed for simultaneous detection of influenza A, SARS-CoV-2, respiratory syncytial virus, and measles virus. The method had comparable sensitivity and linearity to monoplex assays. The assay's performance was validated in the field using wastewater and passive samples, showing accurate estimation of viral loads and suggesting potential improvement with more sensitive sampling methods.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Benjamin F. Trueman, Wendell James, Trevor Shu, Evelyne Dore, Graham A. Gagnon
Summary: Pipe loop studies are important for assessing corrosion control treatment and ensuring drinking water quality management. However, analyzing the data they generate can be challenging due to various attributes, such as nonlinear time trends, nondetects, extreme values, and autocorrelation. In this study, a robust Bayesian generalized additive model with continuous-time autoregressive errors is proposed as a framework for describing pipe loop data, which can handle these challenging attributes and facilitate corrosion control treatment comparisons.
ACS ES&T ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Allison L. Mackie, Yuri Park, Graham A. Gagnon
Summary: This study compared three high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) columns for determining the apparent molecular weight (AMW) of aquatic humic substances. The results showed that the pore size of the column significantly affected the peak separation, and different calibration standards also influenced the measurement of AMW.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yaohuan Gao, Benjamin F. Trueman, Bofu Li, Martin R. Earle, Graham A. Gagnon
Summary: Microorganisms were found to grow and form distinct microbial communities in flow-through systems containing representative Pb corrosion products. A large proportion of the microorganisms in these systems were heavy-metal tolerant. Pyromorphite-like compounds were detected in solid samples at the end of the experiment. The release of Pb to the tap water increased in the test groups compared to the controls. Most of the Pb in the tap water filtrates from the flow-through systems was found to pass through the sterile filters. These results suggest that microbial cells and biofilm debris do not co-migrate with soluble and colloidal Pb once released to tap water.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Patrick W. King, Sigrid Peldszus, Anushka Mishrra, Benjamin F. Trueman, Kimia Aghasadeghi, Graham A. Gagnon, Daniel E. Giammar, Peter M. Huck
Summary: This study investigates the effects of natural organic matter (NOM) and hardness on the galvanic corrosion of lead in the presence of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and pH. The results show that Suwannee River NOM significantly increases the release of dissolved lead in water samples, while hardness and DIC have no significant effect on lead release. The study also finds that the pH level plays a role in lead release, with higher pH levels resulting in lower lead release.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Benjamin F. Trueman, Aaron Bleasdale-Pollowy, Javier A. Locsin, Jessica L. Bennett, Wendy H. Krkosek, Graham A. Gagnon
Summary: Monitoring lead concentration in drinking water is crucial for public health. Research suggests that there is a seasonal pattern in lead release, and aluminum is identified as a correlate of lead. The precipitation of variscite increases lead solubility, while higher aluminum concentrations enhance lead release and weaken the effect of orthophosphate.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sebastian Munoz, Benjamin F. Trueman, Bofu Li, Graham A. Gagnon
Summary: This study investigated the impact of sodium silicate corrosion control on biofilm formation in comparison to orthophosphate, a common corrosion inhibitor. The results showed that orthophosphate promoted higher biofilm growth at high water temperatures, but there were no significant differences in bacterial communities between the two treatments.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Dewey W. Dunnington, Nell Libera, Joshua Kurek, Ian S. Spooner, Graham A. Gagnon
Summary: The tidypaleo package for R enables high-quality visualizations of time-stratigraphic multivariate data by utilizing the components of ggplot2 package.
JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL SOFTWARE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emalie K. Hayes, Crystal L. Sweeney, Megan Fuller, Genevieve B. Erjavec, Amina K. Stoddart, Graham A. Gagnon
Summary: In developing a monitoring program for wastewater surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, the sampling methodology plays a crucial role. Passive sampling has been proven effective, although the adsorption characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 RNA on passive sampling material are not well understood. This study evaluated the adsorption kinetics and equilibrium characteristics of heat-inactivated SARS-CoV-2 to electronegative filters, and found that equilibrium behavior and viral recovery were associated with wastewater and eluate total suspended solids concentration.
