Article
Thermodynamics
Brendan McGann, Timothy M. Ombrello, David M. Peterson, Ez Hassan, Stephen D. Hammack, Campbell D. Carter, Tonghun Lee, Hyungrok Do
Summary: Nanosecond-gated laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (n-LIBS) was used to quantify fuel mole fraction in a high-speed combustor, showing unexpected results in low concentration fuel regions. An improved direct spectrum matching calibration matrix and comparison between different laser systems reduced measurement uncertainty and demonstrated insensitivity to specific lasers. Comparison between n-LIBS and numerical results provided good overall agreement, highlighting the importance of n-LIBS in diagnostic model testing.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Milan Trtica, Miroslav Kuzmanovic, Jelena Savovic, Dragan Rankovic
Summary: The study focused on the interaction between a TEA CO2 laser and a PMMA sample to demonstrate the feasibility of using LIBS to detect hydrogen. Plasma generation over the PMMA surface required a metal sub-target, and the recorded spectra showed atomic lines of carbon and oxygen, as well as emission from C-2 and CN molecules. The evaluation of electron number density and temperature helped characterize the laser-induced plasma, and micro-damages created by laser ablation could have potential applications in sensor technologies.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Harilal, Avanish Shukla, Prakash Chandra Ghosh, Tushar Jana
Summary: The study successfully enhanced the structural and mechanical stability of pyridine-bridged oxypolybenzimidazole (PyOPBI) membranes in concentrated phosphoric acid, and significantly improved proton conductivity by incorporating bulky substituents and flexible aryl ether backbones. The membranes exhibited good stability and high proton conductivity at high temperatures, attributed to the bulky pendent groups and flexible backbone, showing promising potential for advanced PBI-based HT-PEM fuel cells.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pengtao Wang, Chao Cai, Jinting Tan, Mu Pan
Summary: The addition of CeO2 in the microporous layer improves the durability of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, reduces performance decay rate, does not increase internal resistance, and effectively alleviates the negative impact of Ce ions on proton conductivity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Wei Ke, Xiaohua Wang, Minyuan Chen, Huan Yuan, Aijun Yang, Jifeng Chu, Dingxin Liu, Mingzhe Rong
Summary: Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a useful technique for quantitative detection based on the properties of laser-induced plasma (LIP) at local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). The influence of ambient pressure on the spatial-temporal evolution of LTE for LIP is still not well understood, and the mechanism of this influence remains unclear.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Maximilian Weiss, Zuzana Gajarska, Hans Lohninger, Martina Marchetti-Deschmann, Georg Ramer, Bernhard Lendl, Andreas Limbeck
Summary: The growing importance of fluoropolymers in high-tech applications and green technologies has led to an increased demand for their characterization. This study presents a novel approach for quantitative mapping of fluorine in fluoropolymer samples using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The approach is based on monitoring molecular emission bands arising from fluorine-containing molecules. The study evaluates two techniques - spray coating and sputter coating - for their effects on sensitivity and spatial resolution in elemental mapping.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tatyana Reshetenko, Madeleine Odgaard, Guenter Randolf, Kenta K. Ohtaki, John P. Bradley, Barr Zulevi, Xiang Lyu, David A. Cullen, Charl J. Jafta, Alexey Serov, Andrei Kulikovsky
Summary: In this study, a cathodic catalysts layer (CCL) design was achieved using a catalyst coated membrane approach with Platinum Group Metal-free (PGM-free) electrocatalysts. Three different Fe-Mn-N-C compounds were synthesized and characterized, and their electrochemical properties were evaluated. It was found that the CCLs exhibited high proton conductivity and predominantly exhibited a 4e- oxygen reduction reaction mechanism.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2022)
Article
Optics
Yinghua Liu, Boping Xu, Bingying Lei, Simeng Liu, Jing Wang, Jianhua Zeng, Yishan Wang, Yixiang Duan, Wei Zhao, Jie Tang
Summary: In this study, conical cavities were used to enhance the signal intensity, signal-to-noise ratio, and signal stability of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. It was found that conical cavities are superior to cylindrical cavities in improving LIBS performance, with emission enhancement attributed to an increase in plasma temperature and electron number density. The efficiencies of conical cavities in suppressing total number density fluctuation were determined for the first time to evaluate signal stability.
APPLIED PHYSICS B-LASERS AND OPTICS
(2022)
Article
Spectroscopy
Taisei Homma, Akiko Kumada, Takashi Fujii, Hiroya Homma, Yuji Oishi
Summary: This study used laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to analyze the degradation of high-voltage silicone rubber composite insulators and found a decrease in silicones on the degraded surface. These results indicate that remote LIBS using the ratio of silicone to aluminum as an index is a promising method for the in-situ diagnostics of composite insulators.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Amani Al-Othman, Paul Nancarrow, Muhammad Tawalbeh, Ahmad Ka'ki, Karim El-Ahwal, Bassam El Taher, Malek Alkasrawi
Summary: The synthesized composite membrane exhibits high proton conductivity at elevated temperatures, making it a promising candidate for use in PEM fuel cells. The composite membranes have the potential for stable proton conductivity and may be suitable for application in high-temperature PEM fuel cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Erik Kepes, Igor Gornushkin, Pavel Porizka, Jozef Kaiser
Summary: This study characterizes the structure and spectroscopic properties of plasmas induced by inclined ablation, revealing that non-orthogonal ablation results in two distinct parts of laser-induced plasma. Inclined ablation primarily affects the ionic emissivity of laser-induced plasmas.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ruiqin Zheng, Mengfan Wu, Lingwei Zeng, Yu Rao, Sha Chen, Xingliang He, Hongliang Pei, Xu Wang, Yixiang Duan
Summary: A laser fusion pre-treatment method for sandstone samples in LIBS is proposed. The method utilizes a quasi-continuous pulse laser to interact with the sandstone powder sample, resulting in glass beads with a more stable physical matrix. The results show that the calibration curves, detection limits, and spectral signal intensity of the laser fusion method outperform the traditional pellet method, indicating the improved stability and precision in LIBS analysis.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhimin Lu, Xiaoxuan Chen, Yuan Jiang, Xin Li, Jinzheng Chen, Yuesheng Li, Weiye Lu, Jidong Lu, Shunchun Yao
Summary: The study demonstrated the feasibility of fuel property analysis of biomass fuel using LIBS technique. PLS models were built to evaluate the performance on wood pellets, showing satisfactory results with high accuracy in determining fuel properties without further sample preparation. The R2 values of the calibration models were all above 0.98, indicating the effectiveness of using LIBS for direct monitoring of wood pellet quality.
Review
Spectroscopy
Giorgio S. Senesi, Russell S. Harmon, Richard R. Hark
Summary: This review discusses the application and performance comparison of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) instrumentation in in situ measurement, as well as its practical applications in various industries. LIBS technology is important for meeting the demands of fast analysis and portability.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
David M. Surmick, Leon Taleh, Noureddine Melikechi
Summary: The impact of altering laser focusing conditions on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy experiments was investigated in both ambient Earth laboratory and simulated Martian atmospheres. Results showed that the peak emissions of ionic species occur when the laser plasma is initiated with a focused spot within the sample in ambient Earth laboratory air, while atomic emissions have peak intensities several millimeters deeper into the sample. In simulated Martian atmospheres, atomic emissions peak when the laser is focused within the sample, while ionic emissions have peak intensities near the surface of the sample.
APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
