Article
Chemistry, Physical
F. Vogel, J. Cheng, S. B. Liang, C. B. Ke, S. S. Cao, X. P. Zhang, I. Zizak, A. M. Manzoni, J. M. Yu, N. Wanderka, W. Li
Summary: The formation and evolution of hierarchical microstructures in high-temperature alloys play a crucial role in improving material strength and creep properties.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
F. Vogel, J. Cheng, S. B. Liang, C. B. Ke, S. S. Cao, X. P. Zhang, I Zizak, A. M. Manzoni, J. M. Yu, N. Wanderka, W. Li
Summary: Hierarchical microstructures in high-temperature alloys play a crucial role in improving strength and creep properties. This study investigates the formation and evolution of hierarchical microstructures in Ni86.1Al8.5Ti5.4 alloy using in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and finite element method-based computer simulations. The results emphasize the significance of elastic properties, anisotropy, lattice parameters, and diffusion potentials in controlling the behavior and stability of hierarchical microstructures.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
J. S. Zuback, A. D. Iams, F. Zhang, L. A. Giannuzzi, T. A. Palmer
Summary: The addition of nitrogen in high temperature alloys leads to the formation of different nitride phases, which can enhance the high temperature and creep properties of the materials. However, there is a scarcity of data for nickel superalloys, making it difficult to accurately predict the formation of various phases.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Stephanie Spence, Wah-Keat Lee, Feng Lin, Xianghui Xiao
Summary: TXM, a powerful tool in battery research, offers morphological and chemical structural information inside of battery component materials at tens of nanometer scale. This article presents a short review of TXM, including its instrumentation, battery research applications, and practical sample preparation and data analysis. The article also briefly discusses the challenges and opportunities in TXM applications.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hui Zhang, Tao Xu, Yatong Zhu, Wen Wang, Hao Zhang, Dundong Yuan, Litao Sun
Summary: The study revealed oscillatory growth during the oxidation process of silver, influenced by both thermodynamic and kinetic factors. These findings enhance the fundamental understanding of oxidation processes and offer a promising method for the fabrication of desired nanostructures.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tianyi Li, Xinwei Zhou, Yi Cui, Melissa L. Meyerson, Jason A. Weeks, C. Buddie Mullins, Vincent De Andrade, Francesco De Carlo, Yuzi Liu, Likun Zhu
Summary: This study investigates the dynamic morphological and phase changes of selenium-doped germanium at the single particle level using synchrotron-based in-situ transmission X-ray microscopy. The results demonstrate good reversibility of the material at high cycling rates, aiding in understanding its cycling performance and rate capability. The technique based on a single particle battery cell provides an approach to understanding dynamic electrochemical processes of battery materials at the particle level.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Shanfeng Wang, Kai Zhang, Wanxia Huang, Lidan Gao, Fugui Yang, Ming Li, Peiping Zhu, Qingxi Yuan
Summary: Full-field transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM) combined with spectroscopic imaging has become an effective tool for obtaining quantitative nanoscale internal structural and chemical information. The design of TXM beamline at nearly diffraction-limited synchrotron radiation sources using redshift radiation can provide sufficient illumination angle and match the required illumination.
NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ke Wang, Jianpeng Wang, Jingyue Hao, Chenzi Shi, Shouxu Pan, Shashidhara Marathe, Kevin G. Taylor, Lin Ma
Summary: The interaction between water and shale can cause swelling, which is an important consideration in subsurface energy systems. While swelling can be beneficial for waste disposal, it can also cause instability in wellbores during shale gas exploration. Therefore, a careful study of shale swelling is critical for subsurface energy applications.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tomoya Nagira, Daisuke Yamashita, Masayoshi Kamai, Huihong Liu, Yasuhiro Aoki, Kentaro Uesugi, Akihisa Takeuchi, Hidetoshi Fujii
Summary: The study found that solidification cracking propagated at a temperature lower than the solidus temperature due to segregation of low melting-point components. The relationship between the solidification cracking propagation velocity and the solid fraction and strain rate at the weld bead led to a periodic change in the solidification cracking velocity.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yu-Chuan Lee, Lian-Ming Lyu, Ming-Yen Lu
Summary: In this study, the phase transformations and diffusion behaviors of Ni in Si1-xGex nanowires were investigated using in situ transmission electron microscopy, showing the formation of NiSi/Ni2Si heterojunction. Si1-xGex nanowires coated with Al2O3 layer demonstrated a higher activation energy, modulating the diffusion rate of Ni.
ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alexander Opolka, Dominik Mueller, Christian Fella, Andreas Balles, Juergen Mohr, Arndt Last
Summary: By utilizing cone-beam illumination and an array of X-ray lenses, exposure time for X-ray microscopy at laboratory sources with photon energies above 10 keV can be significantly reduced without compromising resolution. This approach was validated using an existing laboratory metal-jet source at 9.25 keV and compared to a ray-tracing simulation.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kirk J. Czymmek, Keith E. Duncan, Howard Berg
Summary: Microscopy has been an essential tool in studying plant-microbe interactions. The development of electron tomography and confocal techniques has provided detailed images of tissue and cellular phenomena. However, there are still untapped cutting-edge technologies and sample preparation workflows that can greatly advance our understanding of these interactions.
MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Tristan G. Fleming, David Tien Rees, Sebastian Marussi, Thomas Connolley, Robert C. Atwood, Martyn A. Jones, James M. Fraser, Chu Lun Alex Leung, Peter D. Lee
Summary: Directed energy deposition (DED) is a promising additive manufacturing technique for repair, but it is prone to surface waviness and cracking in thin-walled sections. The crack formation mechanism in DED is not well understood due to a lack of monitoring methods. In this study, inline coherent imaging (ICI) was used to optically monitor surface topology and detect cracking in situ.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zheng Liu, Hitomi Nakamura, Tomoko Akai
Summary: This paper presents an in situ TEM/STEM investigation on the transformation process of YAG:Ce phosphors, revealing the dissolution of nanocrystalline CeO2 particles and formation of YAlO3 and YAG:Ce crystalline particles at different temperatures. The study also confirms that doped Ce atoms occupy the same atomic sites as Y atoms, and the obtained YAG:Ce phosphor exhibits efficient luminescent properties.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Christina Kainz, Christian Saringer, Michael Burtscher, Michael Tkadletz, Andreas Stark, Norbert Schell, Markus Pohler, Christoph Czettl, Daniel Kiener, Nina Schalk
Summary: CrTaN coatings have gained increasing interest as suitable materials for metal cutting applications due to their combination of high hardness and increased fracture toughness. However, the mechanisms underlying the oxidation of this coating system are not thoroughly understood. This study revealed that CrTaN coatings exhibit excellent oxidation resistance up to approximately 1050 degrees C, where the formation of CrTaO4 and Cr2O3 compounds occurs. At 1225 degrees C, the structure evolution of the CrTaN coating includes intact fcc-CrTaN regions near the substrate, a porous intermediate layer of r-Cr2O3 and t-CrTaO4, and a dense r-Cr2O3 oxide scale at the surface.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2022)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. David, S. Gorelick, S. Rutishauser, J. Krzywinski, J. Vila-Comamala, V. A. Guzenko, O. Bunk, E. Faerm, M. Ritala, M. Cammarata, D. M. Fritz, R. Barrett, L. Samoylova, J. Gruenert, H. Sinn
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lucia Romano, Joan Vila-Comamala, Konstantins Jefimovs, Marco Stampanoni
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2020)
Article
Optics
Marie-Christine Zdora, Pierre Thibault, Willy Kuo, Vincent Fernandez, Hans Deyhle, Joan Vila-Comamala, Margie P. Olbinado, Alexander Rack, Peter M. Lackie, Orestis L. Katsamenis, Matthew J. Lawson, Vartan Kurtcuoglu, Christoph Rau, Franz Pfeiffer, Irene Zanette
Article
Optics
Joan Vila-Comamala, Lucia Romano, Konstantins Jefimovs, Hector Dejea, Anne Bonnin, Andrew C. Cook, Ivo Planinc, Maja Cikes, Zhentian Wang, Marco Stampanoni
Summary: Laboratory grating-based X-ray interferometry with high angular sensitivity and spatial resolution in a compact system has been achieved through the use of small period X-ray gratings and a single-photon counting X-ray detector. This technique has potential applications in materials science and biomedical research, allowing for high-resolution X-ray phase tomographies of biological samples.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Konstantins Jefimovs, Joan Vila-Comamala, Carolina Arboleda, Zhentian Wang, Lucia Romano, Zhitian Shi, Matias Kagias, Marco Stampanoni
Summary: A method to produce small pitch gratings for X-ray interferometric imaging applications was presented, utilizing deep reactive ion etching and conformal electroplating of Au. By optimizing etching conditions and treatment steps, void-free Au filling and oxide removal were achieved, resulting in improved phase sensitivity.
Article
Optics
Zhitian Shi, Konstantins Jefimovs, Lucia Romano, Joan Vila-Comamala, Marco Stampanoni
Summary: Fabricating fan-shaped G0 source gratings improves the imaging field of view in laboratory grating-based X-ray interferometry, enhancing both the uniformity and angular sensitivity.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Brendan E. Hawkins, Damon E. Turney, Robert J. Messinger, Andrew M. Kiss, Gautam G. Yadav, Sanjoy Banerjee, Timothy N. Lambert
Summary: This study reveals an electroactive type of zinc oxide formed in zinc-metal alkaline electrodes and measures its electrical conductivity change. The study finds that the conductivity change of the electroactive zinc oxide is closely related to the insertion of protons into the crystal structure and electrons into the conduction band. In addition, the rapid crystal growth of the electroactive zinc oxide allows it to have efficiencies and rates competitive with leading electrochromic materials. Understanding this phenomenon helps improve the cycling performance of industrial-design electrodes and suggests potential applications of zinc oxide in other fields.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adam Kubec, Marie-Christine Zdora, Umut T. Sanli, Ana Diaz, Joan Vila-Comamala, Christian David
Summary: The authors have successfully realized an achromatic X-ray lens by combining a diffractive Fresnel zone plate and a refractive lens. This lens overcomes the chromatic aberration limitation of conventional X-ray optics and enables high-resolution imaging with broadband X-ray tube sources.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Nazanin Samadi, Joan Vila-Comamala, Xianbo Shi, Umut T. Sanli, Christian David, Marco Stampanoni, Anne Bonnin
Summary: In a full-field transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM) setup, a refractive axicon is used as an X-ray beam shaper to match the ring-shaped aperture of the condenser. The axicon designs were explored analytically and with numerical simulations, and were produced by two-photon polymerization 3D printing on thin silicon nitride membrane substrates. The first characterization of the axicon was carried out at the TOMCAT beamline of the Swiss Light Source (Switzerland).
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ju-Chen Chia, Jiapei Yan, Maryam Rahmati Ishka, Marta Marie Faulkner, Eli Simons, Rong Huang, Louisa Smieska, Arthur Woll, Ryan Tappero, Andrew Kiss, Chen Jiao, Zhangjun Fei, Leon Kochian, Elsbeth Walker, Miguel Pineros, Olena K. Vatamaniuk
Summary: Arabidopsis OPT3 transports Cu and Fe into phloem companion cells and plays a role in systemic signaling of Cu and Fe deficiencies.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Adrian Brugger, Hassina Z. Bilheux, Jiao Y. Y. Lin, George J. Nelson, Andrew M. Kiss, Jonathan Morris, Matthew J. Connolly, Alexander M. Long, Anton S. Tremsin, Andrea Strzelec, Mark H. Anderson, Robert Agasie, Charles E. A. Finney, Martin L. Wissink, Mija H. Hubler, Roland J. -M. Pellenq, Claire E. White, Brent J. Heuser, Aaron E. Craft, Jason M. Harp, Chuting Tan, Kathryn Morris, Ann Junghans, Sanna Sevanto, Jeffrey M. Warren, Fernando Esteban L. Florez, Alexandru S. Biris, Maria Cekanova, Nikolay Kardjilov, Burkhard Schillinger, Matthew J. Frost, Sven C. Vogel
Summary: The Oak Ridge National Laboratory plans to build the Second Target Station at the Spallation Neutron Source, which will feature a suite of novel instruments complementing the capabilities of the existing First Target Station. Among the first eight instruments to be commissioned at the Second Target Station is (CUPID)-D-2, a neutron imaging beamline designed for various scientific applications. It utilizes a high flux of wavelength-separated cold neutrons to perform real-time neutron grating interferometry and Bragg edge imaging across a broad range of length and time scales.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. Polikarpov, J. Vila-Comamala, Z. Wang, A. Pereira, S. van Gogh, C. Gasser, K. Jefimovs, L. Romano, Z. Varga, K. Lang, M. Schmeltz, S. Tessarini, M. Rawlik, E. Jermann, S. Lewis, W. Yun, M. Stampanoni
Summary: Breast cancer is diagnosed using clinical examination, imaging, and biopsy. This study proposes two high-resolution table-top systems for phase-contrast X-ray tomography of breast tissue samples. Both systems provide better resolution and contrast than previously achieved, showing the potential of grating-based phase-contrast X-ray CT as a complementary tool for clinical histopathology.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Umut T. T. Sanli, Griffin Rodgers, Marie-Christine Zdora, Peng Qi, Jan Garrevoet, Ken Vidar Falch, Bert Mueller, Christian David, Joan Vila-Comamala
Summary: This article introduces an X-ray apochromatic lens system using a Fresnel zone plate and a diverging compound refractive lens with a tuned separation distance. The energy-dependent performance of this apochromat was evaluated by ptychographic reconstruction of the focal spot and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy of a resolution test sample. The apochromat delivered a reconstructed focal spot size of 940 x 740 nm(2), showing a four-fold improvement in chromatic aberration correction range compared to an achromatic doublet configuration. Thus, apochromatic X-ray optics have the potential to increase focal spot intensity for a wide variety of X-ray applications.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Varun R. Kankanallu, Xiaoyin Zheng, Denis Leschev, Nicole Zmich, Charles Clark, Cheng-Hung Lin, Hui Zhong, Sanjit Ghose, Andrew M. Kiss, Dmytro Nykypanchuk, Eli Stavitski, Esther S. Takeuchi, Amy C. Marschilok, Kenneth J. Takeuchi, Jianming Bai, Mingyuan Ge, Yu-chen Karen Chen-Wiegart
Summary: This study uses multiple synchrotron X-ray techniques and elementally resolved synchrotron X-ray nano-tomography to directly reveal the correlation between structural evolution, reaction chemistry, and 3D morphological changes in Zn/MnO2 aqueous batteries. The research finds that the reaction pathways of Zn/MnO2 aqueous batteries are independent of the polymorphs of the initial electrode, and sheds light on the interplay among structural, chemical, and morphological evolution in electrochemically driven phase transitions.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Haoyuan Li, Yanwen Sun, Joan Vila-Comamala, Takahiro Sato, Sanghoon Song, Peihao Sun, Matthew H. Seaberg, Nan Wang, J. B. Hastings, Mike Dunne, Paul Fuoss, Christian David, Mark Sutton, Diling Zhu
Summary: Beam splitters and delay lines are crucial components of modern optical laser technology and are being developed for X-ray free electron laser sources operating in the Angstrom wavelength regime. The challenge lies in achieving highly mutually coherent pulse pairs to enable applications such as interferometry and correlation spectroscopy. Efforts are being made to develop experimental systems with stable delay lines for high sensitivity ultrafast measurements.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2021)
