Article
Chemistry, Physical
Chiheng Dong, Meng Han, Wenwen Guo, Xianping Zhang, Cong Liu, He Huang, Chao Yao, Dongliang Wang, Huajun Liu, Yanwei Ma
Summary: Iron-based superconducting wires fabricated by the powder-in-tube method with a stainless steel/ AgSn/Ag composite architecture and a scalable groove rolling process exhibit high-performance and dense superconducting filaments. The achieved critical current density is the highest reported in iron-based multifilament wires. Detailed analysis reveals the deformation mechanism of Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 grains and its influence on supercurrent transport properties, suggesting that higher critical current density can be achieved by improving grain texture. This method provides a simple and cost-effective approach to densify practical superconducting wires and can be scaled up to long wire productions.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pengshuai Qu, Shulong Li, Guangbin Liu, Xiaguang Sun, Min Xu, Lian Liu, Yongliang Chen, Wentao Wang, Yong Zhang, Yong Feng, Yong Zhao, Zhou Yu
Summary: SnO2 is doped into powder-in-tube (PIT) Nb3Sn superconducting wires as the oxygen source through rapid heating, quenching and annealing (RHQA) process, which significantly improves the critical current density (Jc) at 4.2 K, 10 T. The increase in Jc is attributed to the decrease in grain size and the enhancement of inter-grain connectivity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Stangl, A. Palau, G. Deutscher, X. Obradors, T. Puig
Summary: The functional properties of cuprates are strongly influenced by oxygen doping, as demonstrated in this study of YBCO thin films. The relation between charge carrier density, hole doping, and critical current density was explored, revealing a significant increase of Jc with nH. Overdoping in YBCO was found to enhance current carrying capabilities through the reconstruction of the Fermi surface at the Quantum Critical Point (QCP).
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hibiki Fukuda, Riku Onoue, Tomoya Sakamoto, Ryota Inoue, Hiroshi Ueda, SeokBeom Kim, Akihiro Kikuchi, Yasuo Iijima
Summary: Jelly-rolled Nb/Al composite monofilament Nb3Al superconducting wires with an outer diameter of 30 μm and multi-stranded Nb3Al wires have been successfully fabricated by NIMS in Japan. Temperature dependence of the critical current of Nb3Al wires in a cryocooler system for superconducting applications cooled by conduction cooling method is necessary. The critical current properties of single and multi-stranded ultrafine Nb3Al superconducting sample wires with different outer diameter were evaluated using the current sweep method and constant current method.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Masashi Miura, Go Tsuchiya, Takumu Harada, Keita Sakuma, Hodaka Kurokawa, Naoto Sekiya, Yasuyuki Kato, Ryuji Yoshida, Takeharu Kato, Koichi Nakaoka, Teruo Izumi, Fuyuki Nabeshima, Atsutaka Maeda, Tatsumori Okada, Satoshi Awaji, Leonardo Civale, Boris Maiorov
Summary: The addition of artificial pinning centers has greatly increased the critical current density of superconductors, allowing for breakthroughs in all-superconducting magnets and other applications. By modifying certain parameters such as carrier density and chemical pressure, the critical current density can be further enhanced.
NPG ASIA MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Akihiro Kikuchi, Yasuo Iijima, Masaru Yamamoto, Masahiko Kawano, Masato Otsubo
Summary: In this study, Nb3Sn ultra-thin wire was fabricated using the bronze process, achieving a single wire length of over 7,000 m without breakages. We also demonstrated the transport critical current values of cables made from this wire at 4.2 K and 4 T. Additionally, the bending effect on the transport critical current of cables was investigated, showing significant degradation in cables with solder impregnation.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mirko Rocci, Dhavala Suri, Akashdeep Kamra, Gilvania Vilela, Yota Takamura, Norbert M. Nemes, Jose L. Martinez, Mar Garcia Hernandez, Jagadeesh S. Moodera
Summary: This study demonstrates an enhancement of up to 30% in critical current in NbN micro- and nano superconducting bridges through the proposed mechanism of surface nucleation and pinning of Abrikosov vortices. The work also shows an infinite electroresistance and hysteretic resistance dependent on an applied electric field, indicating a potential for field-driven enhancement in superconducting properties and its application in low-dissipation digital computing.
Article
Physics, Applied
Ian Pong, Jack Ekin, Thomas Baumgartner, Bernardo Bordini, Najib Cheggour
Summary: Using magnetization techniques to determine the temperature dependence of critical current in Nb3Sn wires is attractive because of its simplicity compared to variable-temperature transport measurements. However, there is a known mismatch in the temperature scaling characterizations between magnetization data and transport data. In this paper, a procedural solution is proposed to improve the accuracy of temperature scaling by combining standard transport measurements with quick magnetization measurements at different temperatures.
SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Sunseng Pyon, Haruto Mori, Tsuyoshi Tamegai, Satoshi Awaji, Hijiri Kito, Shigeyuki Ishida, Yoshiyuki Yoshida, Hideki Kajitani, Norikiyo Koizumi
Summary: This study reports the fabrication of small coils using powder-in-tube method and hot-isostatic-press technique, achieving significant improvement in critical current and magnetic field generation. The use of (Ba,Na)Fe2As2 wires from the coil demonstrated superior transport critical current density compared to previous iron-based superconducting round wires, indicating the key role of grain texture in enhancing critical current density.
SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
D. A. D. Chaves, I. M. de Araujo, D. Carmo, F. Colauto, A. A. M. de Oliveira, A. M. H. de Andrade, T. H. Johansen, A. V. Silhanek, W. A. Ortiz, M. Motta
Summary: Quantitative magneto-optical imaging of a type-II superconductor thin film cooled under zero, homogeneous, and inhomogeneous applied magnetic fields indicates that inhomogeneous fields enhance screening capacity. Vortex-antivortex interactions play a crucial role in shielding ability, with vortices resulting in shorter flux penetration depths. The proposed strategy could enhance the performance of thin superconducting devices.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
Irshad Ahmad, P. M. Sarun
Summary: This article investigates the impact of different metals as sheath and barrier on the current transfer length (CTL) and electric field of MgB2 monofilamentary superconducting wires. It is found that M/Ti/Ta, M/Ti/Nb and M/Nb/Fe combinations have the smallest CTL values, with M/Ti/Nb and M/Nb/Fe wires showing lower heat generation and electrical dissipation on the metallic sheath compared to other combinations like M/Ta/Cu and M/Nb/Ni. The results suggest that M/Ti/Nb and M/Nb/Fe are promising combinations for practical applications.
PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Jia-Min Xiong, Wei-Jun Zhang, Guang-Zhao Xu, Li-Xing You, Xing-Yu Zhang, Lu Zhang, Cheng-Jun Zhang, Dong-Hui Fan, Yu-Ze Wang, Hao Li, Zhen Wang
Summary: This study introduces an alternative method to reduce current crowding in SNSPD and SMSPD by increasing the thickness of bends through the deposition and lift-off of a secondary superconducting film. Measurement and comparison of detectors with different filling factors and bend configurations show improvements in detection efficiency, intrinsic dark count rate, and time jitter due to the enhanced switching current.
SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
V Gayathri, T. A. Sathyanarayana, K. Vinod, T. Geetha Kumary, Awadhesh Mani
Summary: The comparative study revealed that superconducting thin films grown on SrTiO3 substrate exhibited enhanced superconducting properties compared to films grown on LaAlO3 substrate. The microstructure of the films also played a role in affecting the critical current density.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zimeng Guo, Hongye Gao, Keisuke Kondo, Takafumi Hatano, Kazumasa Iida, Jens Haenisch, Hiroshi Ikuta, Satoshi Hata
Summary: This study reports the nanoscale texture and microstructure of a high-performance NdFeAs(O,F) superconducting thin film grown on a textured MgO/Y2O3/Hastelloy substrate by molecular beam epitaxy. Although the film contains stacking faults and grain boundaries, it exhibits good superconducting properties, with effective pinning centers found at low-angle grain boundaries. Automated crystal orientation mapping revealed misorientation angles between adjacent grains, with the majority of grain boundaries showing in-plane misorientation angles below the critical angle, contributing to the high critical current density.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Daxing Huang, Hongjing Shang, Taiguang Li, Bowei Xie, Qi Zou, Hongwei Gu, Zhifeng Ren, Fazhu Ding
Summary: This study presents a novel method to fabricate a superconducting joining between YBCO coated conductors with large current capacities, achieving more than 90% retention of critical current. The use of an Ag layer in the joining strap promotes the recovery of superconductivity during oxygenation annealing, resulting in superior superconducting performance through optimized atomic alignment at the joined YBCO interface.
MATERIALS TODAY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dario Cattozzo Mor, Yujia Yang, Felix Ritzkowsky, Franz X. Kaertner, Karl K. Berggren, Neetesh Kumar Singh, Phillip D. Keathley
Summary: In this work, we design and simulate fully-integrated plasmonic nanoantennas coupled to a Si3N4-core waveguide for direct time-domain carrier-envelope phase (CEP) detection. Our results provide the basis for future design and fabrication of time-domain CEP detectors and allow for the development of fully-integrated attosecond science applications, frequency-comb stabilization, and light-wave-based petahertz-scale electronics.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jesse Liu, Kristin Dona, Gabe Hoshino, Stefan Knirck, Noah Kurinsky, Matthew Malaker, David W. Miller, Andrew Sonnenschein, Mohamed H. Awida, Peter S. Barry, Karl K. Berggren, Daniel Bowring, Gianpaolo Carosi, Clarence Chang, Aaron Chou, Rakshya Khatiwada, Samantha Lewis, Juliang Li, Sae Woo Nam, Omid Noroozian, Tony X. Zhou
Summary: We introduce the Broadband Reflector Experiment for Axion Detection (BREAD) conceptual design and science program, which plans to search for bosonic dark matter. BREAD proposes a cylindrical metal barrel to convert dark matter into photons and focuses them onto a photosensor using a novel parabolic reflector design. By conducting a pilot 0.7 m(2) barrel experiment, BREAD is expected to surpass existing dark photon coupling constraints and improve sensitivity.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ching-Wei Lin, Shengnan Huang, Marco Colangelo, Changchen Chen, Franco N. C. Wong, Yanpu He, Karl K. Berggren, Angela M. Belcher
Summary: In this study, gold nanorods were used to enhance short-wave infrared upconversion fluorescence for in vivo imaging. The upconversion emission showed significantly higher signal contrast than downconversion emission in a nonscattering medium. By varying the excitation power, the intensity of the upconversion emission was found to depend linearly on the power, suggesting an unchanged emission mechanism.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J-F Lestrade, F-X Desert, G. Lagache, R. Adam, P. Ade, H. Ajeddig, P. Andre, E. Artis, H. Aussel, A. Beelen, A. Benoit, S. Berta, M. Bethermin, L. Bing, O. Bourrion, M. Calvo, A. Catalano, A. Coulais, M. De Petris, S. Doyle, E. F. C. Driessen, A. Gomez, J. Goupy, F. Keruzore, C. Kramer, B. Ladjelate, S. Leclercq, J. F. Macias-Perez, A. Maury, P. Mauskopf, F. Mayet, A. Monfardini, M. Munoz-Echeverria, L. Perotto, G. Pisano, N. Ponthieu, V Reveret, A. J. Rigby, A. Ritacco, C. Romero, H. Roussel, F. Ruppin, K. Schuster, S. Shu, A. Sievers, C. Tucker, R. Zylka
Summary: Distinctive large-scale structures have been identified in the spatial distribution of optical galaxies up to redshift z similar to 1. In the more distant universe, the relationship between the dust-obscured population of star-forming galaxies observed at millimetre wavelengths and the network of cosmic filaments of dark matter apparent in all cosmological hydrodynamical simulations is still under study.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Munoz-Echeverria, J. F. Macias-Perez, G. W. Pratt, R. Adam, P. Ade, H. Ajeddig, P. Andre, M. Arnaud, E. Artis, H. Aussel, I. Bartalucci, A. Beelen, A. Benoit, S. Berta, L. Bing, O. Bourrion, M. Calvo, A. Catalano, M. De Petris, F. -x. Desert, S. Doyle, E. F. C. Driessen, A. Ferragamo, A. Gomez, J. Goupy, C. Hanser, F. Keruzore, C. Kramer, B. Ladjelate, G. Lagache, S. Leclercq, J. -f. Lestrade, A. Maury, P. Mauskopf, F. Mayet, J. -b. Melin, A. Monfardini, A. Paliwal, L. Perotto, G. Pisano, E. Pointecouteau, N. Ponthieu, V. Reveret, A. J. Rigby, A. Ritacco, C. Romero, H. Roussel, F. Ruppin, K. Schuster, S. Shu, A. Sievers, C. Tucker, G. Yepes
Summary: This paper analyzes the hydrostatic mass of galaxy cluster CL J1226.9+3332 through high-resolution observations and examines the impact of mass modeling on the measurement. The study also measures the hydrostatic-to-lensing mass bias of the cluster using lensing convergence maps.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Alessandro Buzzi, Matteo Castellani, Reed A. A. Foster, Owen Medeiros, Marco Colangelo, Karl K. K. Berggren
Summary: The development of superconducting electronics based on nanocryotrons has been limited by the lack of standardized and reliable logic cells. This study introduces and demonstrates designs for nanocryotron-based building blocks that can be combined to implement memory and logic functions. The devices were fabricated using a single layer of superconducting niobium nitride and tested in liquid helium. The results show high performance in terms of error rates and operating under external magnetic fields. These building blocks have the potential to advance the development of nanocryotron logic circuits and finite-state machines for superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Reed A. A. Foster, Matteo Castellani, Alessandro Buzzi, Owen Medeiros, Marco Colangelo, Karl K. K. Berggren
Summary: We propose a design for a superconducting nanowire binary shift register that stores digital states using circulating supercurrents in high-kinetic-inductance loops. The register is fabricated with thin-film NbN and achieves a bit error rate of less than 10(-4) at a maximum clock frequency of 83 MHz and in an out-of-plane magnetic field of up to 6 mT. This technology allows for low-power readout of superconducting nanowire single photon detector arrays and can interface directly with room-temperature electronics and operate unshielded in high magnetic field environments.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Jamie S. Luskin, Ekkehart Schmidt, Boris Korzh, Andrew D. Beyer, Bruce Bumble, Jason P. Allmaras, Alexander B. Walter, Emma E. Wollman, Lautaro Narvaez, Varun B. Verma, Sae Woo Nam, Ilya Charaev, Marco Colangelo, Karl K. Berggren, Cristian Pena, Maria Spiropulu, Maurice Garcia-Sciveres, Stephen Derenzo, Matthew D. Shaw
Summary: Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) are the highest-performing technology for time-resolved single-photon counting. The recent discovery of single-photon sensitivity in micrometer-scale superconducting wires is promising for large active area devices. We present 8-pixel 1 mm² superconducting microwire single photon detectors (SMSPDs) and demonstrate their performance in near-infrared sensitivity.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
I. Charaev, D. A. Bandurin, A. T. Bollinger, I. Y. Phinney, I. Drozdov, M. Colangelo, B. A. Butters, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, X. He, O. Medeiros, I. Bozovic, P. Jarillo-Herrero, K. K. Berggren
Summary: High-temperature cuprate superconducting nanowires enable single-photon detection at higher temperatures, offering high detection efficiency, signal-to-noise ratio, and fast recovery times. This is crucial for applications such as quantum communication, fluorescence lifetime imaging, and remote sensing. Our research expands the materials family for SNSPD technology, allowing for single-photon detection at common temperatures without the need for costly cooling equipment.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
T. Jalabert, E. F. C. Driessen, F. Gustavo, J. L. Thomassin, F. Levy-Bertrand, C. Chapelier
Summary: The performance of superconducting devices is influenced by the generation and relaxation of quasiparticles. A scanning tunnelling microscope is used to inject quasiparticles controllably and study their dynamics. The relaxation of high-energy quasiparticles in superconducting nanostructures involves multiple interactions between electrons, phonons, and Cooper pairs, which are crucial for the performance of devices like qubits or photon detectors. By using a scanning critical current microscopy technique, the reduction of critical current in a nanowire is observed and shown to be mainly controlled by injected power and marginally by injection rate, providing insights into the rapid dynamics of the generated hot spot.
Article
Physics, Applied
Emma Batson, Marco Colangelo, John Simonaitis, Eyosias Gebremeskel, Owen Medeiros, Mayuran Saravanapavanantham, Vladimir Bulovic, P. Donald Keathley, Karl K. Berggren
Summary: Absorption of light is a major issue in integrating optical and superconducting components in circuit architectures. This study investigates reduced indium tin oxide (ITO) as a potential transparent superconductor for electronics. Superconducting wires of reduced ITO were fabricated and characterized, showing that a 10 nm thick film of this material would only absorb about 1%-20% of light between 500 and 1700 nm.
SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microscopy
Akshay Agarwal, John Simonaitis, Vivek K. Goyal, Karl K. Berggren
Summary: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a versatile technique used for nanoscale imaging. This paper introduces an SE count imaging scheme that improves SEM image quality by overcoming noise caused by variations in the voltage signal from the detector. The scheme synchronously outcouples the detector and beam scan signals and uses custom code to count detected SEs. Experimental results show a 30% increase in image signal-to-noise ratio compared to conventional imaging.
Review
Physics, Applied
Charles Roques-Carmes, Steven E. Kooi, Yi Yang, Nicholas Rivera, Phillip D. Keathley, John D. Joannopoulos, Steven G. Johnson, Ido Kaminer, Karl K. Berggren, Marin Soljacic
Summary: When free electrons impinge on optical structures or pass nearby, they emit electromagnetic radiation called cathodoluminescence. These effects have been extensively studied in high-energy physics, but recent progress in nanophotonics has led to new applications in shaping and controlling free-electron radiation. In this review, we present a unified framework for understanding free-electron light-matter interaction and discuss experimental techniques for characterizing and controlling free-electron radiation in nanophotonic systems. We also outline future directions for this field, including ultrafast and quantum effects, tunable short-wavelength emitters, and free-electron radiation from topological states.
APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yonit Hochberg, Benjamin Lehmann, Ilya Charaev, Jeff Chiles, Marco Colangelo, Sae Woo Nam, Karl K. Berggren
Summary: Superconducting nanowires, originally developed for quantum sensing, can be utilized as a tool for searching for dark matter interactions with electrons. A recent measurement with a tungsten silicide superconducting nanowire device has provided new constraints on sub-MeV dark matter-electron interactions, establishing the strongest constraints to date on such interactions.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Andres E. Lombo, Jesus Lares, Matteo Castellani, Chi-Ning Chou, Nancy Lynch, Karl K. Berggren
Summary: This work aims to bridge the gap between neuromorphic algorithms and hardware by translating algorithmic parameters into circuit specifications. By studying the correspondence between theoretical neuroscience models and the dynamics of our circuit topologies, we successfully solved a linear system and implemented Boolean logic gates using superconducting nanowire-based hardware.
NEUROMORPHIC COMPUTING AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
