Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Eamonn T. Hughes, Mario Dumont, Yingtao Hu, Di Liang, Raymond G. Beausoleil, John E. Bowers, Kunal Mukherjee
Summary: A process has been developed for regrowing thick III-As layers on a thin GaAs template on Si, with a focus on controlling threading dislocation formation. The use of compressively strained dislocation blocking layers leads to a significant reduction in threading dislocation densities by as much as 30x.
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Anuj Bisht, Michael Kalina, Eylul Suadiye, Gunther Richter, Eugen Rabkin
Summary: In this study, nanoscale bimetallic strips were fabricated by one-sided coating with Pd, leading to slight bending of the strips. The temperature-induced shape changes of the Au-Pd strips were investigated via in-situ thermal actuation. The results demonstrate that single crystalline metallic nanowhiskers with controlled curvature, chemical composition, and thermal behavior can be produced using interface engineering and chemical interdiffusion.
Article
Physics, Applied
Long Cheng, Heng Zhang, Ran Xu, Kevin Co, Nicolas Guiblin, Mojca Otonicar, Charles Paillard, Yujia Wang, Brahim Dkhil
Summary: The interaction between domain structure and defects in ferroelectric thin films has been a focus of research. This study demonstrates the role of dislocations in stabilizing the domains of PbTiO3 films on a SrTiO3 substrate during post-annealing above 550 degrees C. The effects of single dislocations and dislocation pairs on domain formation were also explored.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
D. C. M. Kwan, M. Kesaria, J. J. Jimenez, V. Srivastava, M. Delmas, B. L. Liang, F. M. Morales, D. L. Huffaker
Summary: A 10 mu m cut-off wavelength InAs/GaSb T2SL p-i-n diode on a GaAs substrate with an intentional interfacial misfit (IMF) array has been reported. The heterostructure on GaSb-on-GaAs was found to be epitaxial, single-crystalline but with reduced material homogeneity, extended lattice defects, and atomic segregation/intermixing compared to that on the GaSb substrate. The strain-induced degradation of material quality was observed by temperature-dependent current-voltage measurements. The T2SL with the IMF array shows potential as an effective route to mitigate the impact of lattice mismatch, allowing for low-cost, scalable manufacturing of focal plane arrays (FPA) for various applications.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Yujia Liu, Kevin-Peter Gradwohl, Chen-Hsun Lu, Kaspars Dadzis, Yuji Yamamoto, Lucas Becker, Peter Storck, Thilo Remmele, Torsten Boeck, Carsten Richter, Martin Albrecht
Summary: The formation of misfit dislocations in quantum well layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy can negatively affect qubit behaviors. In this study, we investigated the kinetics and interactions of misfit dislocations by annealing strained Si or Ge layers. The results showed that misfit dislocation propagation is a thermally activated process and blocking interactions can reduce strain relaxation. These findings suggest that it is possible to suppress misfit dislocation formation by reducing temperatures during SiGe heterostructure epitaxy for developing high-performance spin qubits.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
J. Moneta, G. Staszczak, E. Grzanka, P. Tauzowski, P. Dluzewski, J. Smalc-Koziorowska
Summary: Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy studies show that a-type dislocations in InGaN/GaN structures deposited along the [0001] direction are post-growth effects caused by stress on lateral surfaces and mechanical processing. Cathodoluminescence mapping reveals the visibility of these defects near the edges of cleaved or polished InGaN/GaN structures. Finite element calculations provide insights into the residual stress distribution near the InGaN/GaN interface at the free edge, and the impact of such defects on device performance is discussed.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Flavia G. da Silva, Eric Formo, Pedro H. C. Camargo
Summary: The study shows that Au@AgAu NRs exhibit a 152-fold increase in peroxide-like activity compared to conventional Au NPs, with better substrate interaction and faster product formation. Additionally, a linear relationship between product concentration and oxTMB as a function of H2O2 concentration was observed, suggesting potential applications in H2O2 sensing.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Yujia Liu, Kevin-P. Gradwohl, Chen-Hsun Lu, Thilo Remmele, Yuji Yamamoto, Marvin H. H. Zoellner, Thomas Schroeder, Torsten Boeck, Houari Amari, Carsten Richter, Martin Albrecht
Summary: In this study, the critical thickness for the plastic relaxation of the Si quantum well layer in a SiGe/Si/SiGe heterostructure was investigated using transmission electron microscopy and electron channeling contrast imaging. It was found that misfit dislocation segments form at the critical thickness, and reducing the quantum well thickness can suppress misfit dislocation formation.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fangping Zhuo, Xiandong Zhou, Shuang Gao, Marion Hofling, Felix Dietrich, Pedro B. Groszewicz, Lovro Fulanovic, Patrick Breckner, Andreas Wohninsland, Bai-Xiang Xu, Hans-Joachim Kleebe, Xiaoli Tan, Jurij Koruza, Dragan Damjanovic, Juergen Roedel
Summary: In this study, a general framework for controlling dislocation-domain wall interactions in ferroic materials is demonstrated, resulting in engineered anisotropic dielectric and electromechanical properties in barium titanate crystals. The rationalization of observed properties is supported by various analytical techniques, and phase-field simulations provide mechanistic understanding of the described interactions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaomei Li, Bo Han, Ruixue Zhu, Ruochen Shi, Mei Wu, Yuanwei Sun, Yuehui Li, Bingyao Liu, Lifen Wang, Jingmin Zhang, Congbing Tan, Peng Gao, Xuedong Bai
Summary: We used scanning transmission electron microscopy to quantitatively map the lattice parameters and octahedral rotations around misfit dislocations at the BiFeO3/SrRuO3 interface. We found that a huge strain field is achieved near the dislocations, significantly altering the local ferroelectric dipole and magnetic moments near the interface. The strain field and structural distortion can be further tuned by the dislocation type. Our atomic-scale study helps us understand the effects of dislocations in this ferroelectricity/ferromagnetism heterostructure, providing opportunities for designing nanosized electronic and spintronic devices through defect engineering.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hyunjoong Kim, Tae Yong Yoo, Megalamane S. Bootharaju, Jeong Hyun Kim, Dong Young Chung, Taeghwan Hyeon
Summary: Noble metal-based multimetallic nanoparticles (NMMNs) have multifunctional and synergistic effects for various catalytic applications. Experimental and theoretical studies can tune the performance of nanoparticles. Challenges remain in synthesizing NMMNs with ideal catalytic characteristics.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yunqing Kang, Ovidiu Cretu, Jun Kikkawa, Koji Kimoto, Hiroki Nara, Asep Sugih Nugraha, Hiroki Kawamoto, Miharu Eguchi, Ting Liao, Ziqi Sun, Toru Asahi, Yusuke Yamauchi
Summary: A one-pot wet-chemical reduction approach is used to synthesize PtPdRhRuCu mesoporous nanospheres with adjustable compositions and exposed porous structures. These nanospheres exhibit robust electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activities in alkaline, acidic, and neutral electrolytes. The excellent performance of the PtPdRhRuCu nanospheres is attributed to the synergistic interactions among multiple compositions and the mesoporous structures with excellent mass/electron transportation characteristics.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Antonia Wagner, David Holec, Paul Heinz Mayrhofer, Matthias Bartosik
Summary: Superlattice (SL) thin films composed of refractory ceramics exhibit high hardness and enhanced fracture toughness, with the hardness enhancement explained by existing models based on dislocation mobility. A new model based on linear elasticity theory is proposed to predict fracture toughness in (semi-)epitaxial nanolayers, showing that fracture toughness increases with increasing bilayer period before declining with the formation of misfit dislocations. The results highlight the importance of coherency stresses in increasing crack growth resistance beyond the intrinsic fracture toughness of the layer materials.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bo Shen, Liliang Huang, Jiahong Shen, Kun He, Cindy Y. Zheng, Vinayak P. Dravid, Chris Wolverton, Chad A. Mirkin
Summary: The composition, shape, exposed facets, crystal structure, and atom distribution play key roles in determining the activity of metal particle catalysts. By combining a solid-state, Bi-influenced high-index facet shape regulation strategy with thermal annealing, researchers were able to control crystal structure and atom distribution on high-index facets of nanoparticles, resulting in a diverse library of chemically disordered and ordered multimetallic tetrahexahedral nanoparticles. Density functional theory calculations indicated that surface Bi modification aided in stabilizing the (210) high-index facets of the nanoparticles, regardless of their internal atomic ordering. Additionally, ordered intermetallic THH Pt1Co1 nanocatalysts exhibited superior catalytic performance compared to disordered THH Pt1Co1 nanoparticles and commercial Pt/C catalysts towards methanol electrooxidation, demonstrating the importance of crystal structure and atom distribution control on high-index facets in nanoscale catalysts.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ilya Svetlizky, Seongsoo Kim, David A. Weitz, Frans Spaepen
Summary: This study uses colloidal crystals to investigate the interactions and evolution of dislocations during plastic deformation, providing insights into the macroscopic deformation and atomic-scale dislocation dynamics of materials.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Peng Yang, Yuxiang Shi, Shuyao Li, Xinglin Tao, Zhaoqi Liu, Xingling Wang, Zhong Lin Wang, Xiangyu Chen
Summary: The in-shoe sensor pad based on a triboelectric nanogenerator can monitor real-time stress distribution on the top side of a foot, providing potential for studying foot motion and shoe comfort. With a hybrid power supply and wireless data transmission, this system can guide athlete training and customized shoe design.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuncheng Yao, Xinyang Zhao, Xueyu Wang, Tian Huang, Yiming Ding, Jiaming Zhang, Zeyu Zhang, Zhong Lin Wang, Linlin Li
Summary: This study develops a human self-driven catalysis-promoting system to improve the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency of nanocatalysts for cancer therapy. The system demonstrates high catalytic ROS generation efficiency and offers a new therapeutic mode for self-driven at-home therapy.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Linlin Zhou, Laipan Zhu, Tao Yang, Xinmei Hou, Zhengtao Du, Sheng Cao, Hailong Wang, Kuo-Chih Chou, Zhong Lin Wang
Summary: In this study, an ultra-stable piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) based on N doped 4H-SiC nanohole arrays (NHAs) is proposed for harvesting ambient energy under different temperature and humidity conditions. The simulation results show a relationship between nanohole diameter and piezoelectric performance. The assembled PENG exhibits a high short circuit current density and demonstrates all-weather service capability even after 50 days of treatment.
NANO-MICRO LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Yuan, Chuguo Zhang, Baofeng Zhang, Xuelian Wei, Ou Yang, Yuebo Liu, Lixia He, Shengnan Cui, Jie Wang, Zhong Lin Wang
Summary: This study presents a multifunctional wearable triboelectric nanogenerator with flexibility, excellent water resistance, and air permeability for practical applications. The device can harvest human mechanical energy and raindrop energy to power wearable electronic devices, providing a practical strategy for designing self-powered wearable electronics.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Puchuan Tan, Xi Han, Yang Zou, Xuecheng Qu, Jiangtao Xue, Tong Li, Yiqian Wang, Ruizeng Luo, Xi Cui, Yuan Xi, Le Wu, Bo Xue, Dan Luo, Yubo Fan, Xun Chen, Zhou Li, Zhong Lin Wang
Summary: In this study, a gesture recognition wristband that allows for full keyboard and multicommand input is developed. The wristband is convenient to wear, low in cost, and does not interfere with other hand movements. With the use of physiological anatomy, active sensor, and machine learning technology, the wristband achieves a high accuracy rate in recognizing 26 letters.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chaojie Chen, Shilong Zhao, Caofeng Pan, Yunlong Zi, Fangcheng Wang, Cheng Yang, Zhong Lin Wang
Summary: A simple and effective method is proposed to quantitatively identify and extract the piezoelectric charge from hybrid signals, elucidating the true performance of piezoelectric devices.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kai Pei, Yucun Zhou, Kang Xu, Hua Zhang, Yong Ding, Bote Zhao, Wei Yuan, Kotaro Sasaki, Yongman Choi, Yu Chen, Meilin Liu
Summary: Researchers enhance the performance of reversible protonic ceramic electrochemical cells by water-promoted surface restructuring, improving the electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction and evolution while maintaining stability and durability.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ruiyuan Liu, Zhong Lin Wang, Kenjiro Fukuda, Takao Someya
Summary: This review discusses the various applications of flexible self-charging technologies as power sources, including flexible solar cells, mechanical energy harvesters, thermoelectrics, biofuel cells, and hybrid devices with flexible energy-storage components. The review also highlights the integration of power sources in soft electronics and presents the emerging challenges, strategies, and opportunities for research and development of flexible self-charging power sources.
NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Wenjie Wu, Zhong Lin Wang, Liqun Zhang
Summary: Dielectric elastomers (DEs) are special materials that deform in response to an electric field. The current main mechanism suggests that the deformations in DEs are induced by Maxwell stress. However, a new molecular mechanism based on entropy-dominated elasticity has been proposed recently, highlighting its importance in the process.
MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zheyu Luo, Yucun Zhou, Xueyu Hu, Weining Wang, Yong Ding, Weilin Zhang, Tongtong Li, Nicholas Kane, Zhijun Liu, Meilin Liu
Summary: This study reports a new class of hexavalent Mo/W-doped proton-conducting electrolyte, BaMo(W)(0.03)Ce0.71Yb0.26O3-delta, which exhibits excellent durability and high ionic conductivity. This material demonstrates significantly enhanced chemical stability against high concentrations of steam and carbon dioxide, while maintaining similar ionic conductivity. P-ReSOCs based on this material show high peak power densities in the fuel cell mode and can operate stably during steam electrolysis.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fangyuan Liu, Xingxu Lu, Chunxiang Zhu, Zichao Bian, Xiaohui Song, Jiyu Sun, Bo Zhang, Junfei Weng, Ashwanth Subramanian, Xiao Tong, Lichun Zhang, Avinash M. Dongare, Chang-Yong Nam, Yong Ding, Guoan Zheng, Haiyan Tan, Pu-Xian Gao
Summary: By using in situ liquid cell transmission electron microscopy, a repeated two-stage anisotropic and pulsating periodic etching dynamic is discovered during the pencil shape evolution of a single crystal ZnO nanorod in aqueous hydrochloric acid. The high-index surfaces {101 m} (m=0, 1, 2, or 3) and {21 1 n} (n=0, 1, 2, or 3) are found to preferentially expose in different ratios, and the exposure of these high-index surfaces enhances the chemical sensing and CO2 hydrogenation activity of the material. These findings provide a deep understanding of the anisotropic wet chemical etching of ionic nanocrystals and offer a design strategy for advanced functional materials.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Xue Wang, Zhiping Feng, Gaoqiang Zhang, Luna Wang, Liang Chen, Jin Yang, Zhonglin Wang
Summary: Recent advances in flexible pressure sensors have made them promising technologies for human epidermal pulse wave monitoring. A 3 x 1 flexible pressure sensor array was developed using three single-electrode sensors with small area to measure pulse waves at different local positions of the radial artery. The designed single sensor has a small area of 6 x 6 mm² and demonstrates high pressure sensitivity, fast response time, wide frequency range, and stability.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Nicholas Kane, Zheyu Luo, Yucun Zhou, Yong Ding, Alex Weidenbach, Weilin Zhang, Meilin Liu
Summary: Proton-conducting reversible solid oxide cells are a promising technology for efficient conversion between electricity and chemical fuels, making them well-suited for the deployment of renewable energies and load leveling. The bilayer electrolyte design combines a highly conductive electrolyte with a highly stable protection layer, enhancing chemical stability while maintaining high electrochemical performance.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sanju Gupta, Abbey Knoepfel, Haiyang Zou, Yong Ding
Summary: In this study, methane gas sensors based on zinc oxide nanorod (n-ZnO-NR) arrayed assembly were developed. The sensors were synthesized using aqueous phase deposition and fabricated as pn junctions with chemical sensitization by Pd and Pd-30wt%Ag forming Schottky junctions. The sensors showed high response, low limit of detection, fast response-recovery times, and strong binding constants when evaluated under reducing methane gas with varying concentration, thermal activation, and UV A light activation.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jiabin Zhang, Erming Su, Chengyu Li, Shuxing Xu, Wei Tang, Leo N. Y. Cao, Ding Li, Zhong Lin Wang
Summary: This study introduces an intelligent artifact-monitoring system (SAMS) based on a porous carbon black (CB)/Ecoflex triboelectric nanogenerator (PCE-TENG) that can monitor collisions in real-time and absorb vibrations during artifact transportation. The system consists of six PCE-TENGs attached to the inner wall of the artifact transport package, allowing collision monitoring and protection in different directions. This research presents a practical strategy for artifact transportation monitoring and package engineering, which could have significant implications for the field.