Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yiwei Xia, Emanuele Riva, Matheus I. N. Rosa, Gabriele Cazzulani, Alper Erturk, Francesco Braghin, Massimo Ruzzene
Summary: The experimental demonstration shows temporal pumping of elastic waves in an electromechanical waveguide, enabling the generation and control of edge states through temporal modulation of stiffness. The framework allows for controllable transfer of edge states from one boundary to the other, opening up new avenues for information manipulation and transport through elastic waves. This study also explores higher-dimensional topological physics using virtual dimensions mapped to time in electromechanical systems.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
A. R. Chadwick, K. Kotzur, S. Nowotny
Summary: This study investigates the sensitivity of CF-PPS thermoplastic composite material to automated fibre placement process parameters, including the impact of surface temperature of the layup tool and tempering post-manufacturing. Secondary crystallinity can be produced by exposing the material to temperatures above the cold crystallisation temperature, with significant improvements in inter-laminar shear and tensile properties observed in laminates produced using heated tools. Tempering samples can increase the polymer tensile strength by up to 32%.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Runlian Zhong, Zhennan Luan, Siwei Yan, Quande Cui, Fuhao Zhu, Qianqian Qi, Qingguo Wang
Summary: This article prepared advanced biodegradable thermoplastic elastomer (BTPE)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposites using aliphatic diols, aliphatic dibasic acids, and graphene oxide (GO) as raw materials. The rGO is well dispersed in the BTPE matrix through its predispersion in aliphatic diols before the polycondensation of the polyester prepolymers. The addition of GO greatly enhances the tensile strength, elongation at break, biodegradability, and electrical conductivity of the BTPE/rGO nanocomposites.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Colin Robert, Dimitrios Mamalis, Winifred Obande, Vasileios Koutsos, Conchur M. O. Bradaigh, Dipa Ray
Summary: The study investigated the bond strength, fracture characteristics, and viscoelastic performance of thermoplastic fiber metal laminates using a novel bonding technique and six different combinations of organic coatings.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Diming Zhang, Yuting Xiang, Quchao Zou, Kai Zhu, Ning Hu
Summary: The assessment of drug cardiotoxicity using the electrical and mechanical properties of cardiomyocytes is crucial. Traditional recording strategies have limitations, but a new multimodal microelectrode biosensing system allows for simultaneous and dynamic monitoring of electromechanical signals from single cardiomyocytes.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Emine Feyza Sukur, Sinem Elmas, Mahsa Seyyednourani, Volkan Eskizeybek, Mehmet Yildiz, Hatice S. Sas
Summary: This study investigates the deterioration mechanism of CF/PEKK composites aged in hot water through comprehensive material characterization strategies and validates the weakening of fiber-matrix interface using acoustic emission analysis.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Penghui Li, Yeqiang Bu, Linyan Wang, Chong Wang, Junquan Huang, Ke Tong, Yujun Chen, Julong He, Zhisheng Zhao, Bo Xu, Zhongyuan Liu, Guoying Gao, Anmin Nie, Hongtao Wang, Yongjun Tian
Summary: Fracture behaviors in perfect and twinned B4C crystals were studied via in situ TEM mechanical testing. It was found that cracks preferentially initiated at the twin boundaries (TBs) and propagated along them, resulting in the fracture of B4C. The theoretical calculations also showed a softening effect of TBs on B4C, with amorphous bands preferentially nucleated at the TBs. These findings clarify the atomic arrangement and the role of planar defects in the failure of B4C.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Wu Gong, Ruixiao Zheng, Stefanus Harjo, Takuro Kawasaki, Kazuya Aizawa, Nobuhiro Tsuji
Summary: The twinning and detwinning behavior of a commercial AZ31 magnesium alloy during cyclic compression-tension deformation was studied using various characterization techniques. The results showed that the volume fraction and number of residual twins increased with the number of cycles, leading to a decrease in the yield strength of compression deformation.
JOURNAL OF MAGNESIUM AND ALLOYS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Peng Xue, Mi Qu, Jie Shi, Youhong Jiang, Nana He, Tiqing Zhao, Shiwen Luo, Jia-Jun Zhang, Shiyuan Zhou, Yong Luo, Guangwen Chu, Hui Li, Jian-Feng Chen, Shi-Gang Sun, Hong-Gang Liao
Summary: This study used liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to directly track the migration of microfluidic units at the nanoscale. An unexpected mass transfer phenomenon was discovered, where fluid units in the stagnant liquid layer migrated two orders faster during gas-liquid interface updating. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that the chemical potential difference between nanoscale liquid layers led to convective flow, greatly enhancing mass transfer on the surface.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. A. Kropotina, A. A. Petrukovich, O. M. Chugunova, A. M. Bykov
Summary: We directly compare hybrid kinetic simulations and in situ observations of a high Mach number high-β shock in the Solar wind. We launch virtual probes to demonstrate that the model quantitatively reproduces the observations. The observed wave properties are caused by the ion Weibel instability in the shock foot. Parameters of reflected ions in the shock foot are extracted from simulations, and their coordinate dependencies are linearly approximated. These approximations could be used in analytical models. Due to strong magnetic variations at ramp, the reflected ions density can be locally very high (nearly that of the incoming flow), which makes favorable conditions for the instability.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yaobin Xu, Ke Wang, Zhenpeng Yao, Joohoon Kang, David Lam, Dan Yang, Wei Ai, Chris Wolverton, Mark C. Hersam, Ying Huang, Wei Huang, Vinayak P. Dravid, Jinsong Wu
Summary: WS2 nanoflakes show great potential as electrode materials for both lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), with SIBs exhibiting higher reversible sodium (Na) storage capacity and superior cyclability compared to LIBs. The volume change during sodiation is smaller than that during lithiation, and WS2 maintains its layered structure after sodiation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lin Geng, Qiunan Liu, Jingzhao Chen, Peng Jia, Hongjun Ye, Jitong Yan, Liqiang Zhang, Yongfu Tang, Jianyu Huang
Summary: By conducting in situ observations of the early stage of electrochemical Na deposition, this research revealed an important electrochemical Ostwald ripening (EOR) phenomenon which dictates the early stage of Na deposition. Through two types of EOR, we gained a deeper understanding of the Na deposition mechanism.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yi Peng, Wei Li, Tim Still, Arjun G. G. Yodh, Yilong Han
Summary: In this study, researchers observed the coalescence of nuclei during the crystal-crystal transition using a colloidal system. They found that the coalescence process involves three stages: coupled growth of nuclei, their attachment, and relaxation of the coalesced nucleus. The kinetics of the process varies depending on the nucleus size, interface, and lattice orientation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Wen Zhang, Simin Bi, Ping Li, Jihong Liu, Chunmiao Zhou, Xin Wang, Wei Zhang, Hui Wang, Bo Tang
Summary: This study developed a mitochondria-targeting fluorescent probe to investigate the role of mitochondrial DNA in liver IR injury, revealing a correlation between mtDNA damage and worsening IR injury, as well as identifying two potential drugs with superior therapeutic efficacy in preventing IR injury.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Guangming Zhao, Yunduo Yao, Wei Lu, Guanyu Liu, Xuyun Guo, Antonio Tricoli, Ye Zhu
Summary: Direct observation of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) on Mn2O3 nanocatalyst surface using in situ liquid holder in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) enables real-time visualization of the chemical process, shedding light on the dynamic OER catalysis and demonstrating a powerful strategy combining in situ and ex situ TEM for investigating various chemical reaction mechanisms in liquid.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zachary J. Farrell, Alan R. Jacob, Vi Khanh Truong, Aaron Elbourne, Wilson Kong, Lilian Hsiao, Michael D. Dickey, Christopher Tabor
Summary: Room-temperature liquid metal alloys are versatile materials with unique properties in chemistry, electronics, biology, and mechanics. The surface oxide of liquid metals plays a crucial role in determining these properties, and it can be modified by adding minority elements. By adding small amounts of thermodynamically favorable alloying elements (X = Zn, Mg, Al) to eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn), we have created a new class of alloys with designed surface oxide compositions called XGaIn. Analysis using STEM-EDS and XPS confirms that XGaIn alloys form oxide layers enriched in the lowest-redox element, consistent with the alloy system's thermodynamics. XGaIn alloys with added Zn and Mg exhibit strong antimicrobial activity, which has exciting implications for flexible electronic medical devices and sensors.
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Physical
Xuanhe Zhao
Summary: The sentence describes soft actuators that consist of a tough bioadhesive/elastomer shell and a stimuli-responsive metallic spring. These actuators are used to provide in situ mechanical stimulation to skeletal muscles in order to promote muscle tissue rehabilitation and prevent atrophy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qingchen Shen, Modi Jiang, Ruitong Wang, Kexian Song, Man Hou Vong, Woojin Jung, Febby Krisnadi, Ruyu Kan, Feiyu Zheng, Benwei Fu, Peng Tao, Chengyi Song, Guoming Weng, Bo Peng, Jun Wang, Wen Shang, Michael D. Dickey, Tao Deng
Summary: We demonstrate the use of liquid metals as stretchable hermetic seals in soft materials, which are highly permeable to gases. These soft seals are applied in stretchable battery and heat transfer systems involving volatile fluids. The battery shows a capacity retention of approximately 72.5% after 500 cycles, while the sealed heat transfer system exhibits an increased thermal conductivity of around 309 watts per meter-kelvin when strained and heated. In addition, we successfully achieve wireless communication through these seals by incorporating a signal transmission window. This work provides a promising solution for creating stretchable yet hermetic packaging design for soft devices.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Veenasri Vallem, Vidushi Aggarwal, Michael D. D. Dickey
Summary: This paper presents soft and stretchable films of liquid metal particles with high surface area and conductivity, which can be used in various applications. The ability to create high surface area electrodes in a simple manner is significant.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Amir Hossein Rahmati, Rong Jia, Kai Tan, Liping Liu, Xuanhe Zhao, Qian Deng, Pradeep Sharma
Summary: Researchers have designed and created a soft magnetoelectric material that exhibits an extremely strong, self-biased magnetoelectric effect. This material can generate electricity through contactless, wireless signals and is capable of large deformation reminiscent of soft robots while being soft enough to conform to irregular or curved geometries. This research opens up possibilities for applications such as remote drug delivery, energy harvesting, and soft robots.
MATERIALS TODAY PHYSICS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yifei Luo, Mohammad Reza Abidian, Jong-Hyun Ahn, Deji Akinwande, Anne M. Andrews, Markus Antonietti, Zhenan Bao, Magnus Berggren, Christopher A. Berkey, Christopher John Bettinger, Jun Chen, Peng Chen, Wenlong Cheng, Xu Cheng, Seon-Jin Choi, Alex Chortos, Canan Dagdeviren, Reinhold H. Dauskardt, Chong-an Di, Michael D. Dickey, Xiangfeng Duan, Antonio Facchetti, Zhiyong Fan, Yin Fang, Jianyou Feng, Xue Feng, Huajian Gao, Wei Gao, Xiwen Gong, Chuan Fei Guo, Xiaojun Guo, Martin C. Hartel, Zihan He, John S. Ho, Youfan Hu, Qiyao Huang, Yu Huang, Fengwei Huo, Muhammad M. Hussain, Ali Javey, Unyong Jeong, Chen Jiang, Xingyu Jiang, Jiheong Kang, Daniil Karnaushenko, Ali Khademhosseini, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Il-Doo Kim, Dmitry Kireev, Lingxuan Kong, Chengkuo Lee, Nae-Eung Lee, Pooi See Lee, Tae-Woo Lee, Fengyu Li, Jinxing Li, Cuiyuan Liang, Chwee Teck Lim, Yuanjing Lin, Darren J. Lipomi, Jia Liu, Kai Liu, Nan Liu, Ren Liu, Yuxin Liu, Yuxuan Liu, Zhiyuan Liu, Zhuangjian Liu, Xian Jun Loh, Nanshu Lu, Zhisheng Lv, Shlomo Magdassi, George G. Malliaras, Naoji Matsuhisa, Arokia Nathan, Simiao Niu, Jieming Pan, Changhyun Pang, Qibing Pei, Huisheng Peng, Dianpeng Qi, Huaying Ren, John A. Rogers, Aaron Rowe, Oliver G. Schmidt, Tsuyoshi Sekitani, Dae-Gyo Seo, Guozhen Shen, Xing Sheng, Qiongfeng Shi, Takao Someya, Yanlin Song, Eleni Stavrinidou, Meng Su, Xuemei Sun, Kuniharu Takei, Xiao-Ming Tao, Benjamin C. K. Tee, Aaron Voon-Yew Thean, Tran Quang Trung, Changjin Wan, Huiliang Wang, Joseph Wang, Ming Wang, Sihong Wang, Ting Wang, Zhong Lin Wang, Paul S. Weiss, Hanqi Wen, Sheng Xu, Tailin Xu, Hongping Yan, Xuzhou Yan, Hui Yang, Le Yang, Shuaijian Yang, Lan Yin, Cunjiang Yu, Guihua Yu, Jing Yu, Shu-Hong Yu, Xinge Yu, Evgeny Zamburg, Haixia Zhang, Xiangyu Zhang, Xiaosheng Zhang, Xueji Zhang, Yihui Zhang, Yu Zhang, Siyuan Zhao, Xuanhe Zhao, Yuanjin Zheng, Yu-Qing Zheng, Zijian Zheng, Tao Zhou, Bowen Zhu, Ming Zhu, Rong Zhu, Yangzhi Zhu, Yong Zhu, Guijin Zou, Xiaodong Chen
Summary: Humans are increasingly relying on flexible sensors to address challenges and improve quality of life in the digital and big data era. However, the market adoption of flexible sensors is still limited despite advancements in research. In this paper, we identify the bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose potential solutions to expedite their deployment and commercialization.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jiayi Yang, Praneshnandan Nithyanandam, Shreyas Kanetkar, Ki Yoon Kwon, Jinwoo Ma, Sooik Im, Ji-Hyun Oh, Mohammad Shamsi, Mike Wilkins, Michael Daniele, Tae-il Kim, Huu Ngoc Nguyen, Vi Khanh Truong, Michael D. Dickey
Summary: Conductive textiles can be created by coating fabric with liquid metal particles, which provides possibilities for human-machine interfaces and wearable electronics. In this method, the fabric is dipped into a suspension of liquid metal particles at room temperature. The coated fabric remains electrically insulating due to the native oxide on the particles, but can become conductive by compressing it to rupture the oxide and allow particle percolation. Conductive circuits can be patterned on the textile by compressing it with a patterned mold. The electrical conductivity of these circuits can be improved by increasing the particle coating. The LM-coated textiles also possess antimicrobial protection against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, and the conductive patterns autonomously heal when cut.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ishan D. Joshipura, Chung Kim Nguyen, Colette Quinn, Jiayi Yang, Daniel H. Morales, Erik Santiso, Torben Daeneke, Vi Khanh Truong, Michael D. Dickey
Summary: Metals, like gallium, can supercool even in the presence of nucleation sites. The native oxide on gallium provides a smooth interface that prevents direct contact with surfaces, promoting supercooling. Differential scanning calorimetry shows that gallium with oxide freezes at a lower temperature than without oxide. These findings have implications for applications that rely on gallium's liquid state.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sooik Im, Ethan Frey, Daniel J. Lacks, Jan Genzer, Michael D. Dickey
Summary: This paper demonstrates that air-stable radicals enhance the stability of triboelectric charge on surfaces. The charge retention is shown to increase with hydrophobicity, but the most prolonged charge retention is observed in surfaces treated with TEMPO, which are more hydrophilic. The charge retention decreases with reducing radical density by etching the TEMPO-silane or scavenging the radicals.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ruizhe Xing, Jiayi Yang, Dongguang Zhang, Wei Gong, Taylor V. Neumann, Meixiang Wang, Renliang Huang, Jie Kong, Wei Qi, Michael D. Dickey
Summary: This paper presents printable metallic gels made of an aqueous suspension of copper particles connected by bridges of liquid eutectic gallium indium alloy. The rheology of the conductive solid-liquid-liquid suspension is tuned for 3D printing by adjusting the composition and pH. The printed parts exhibit metallic electrical conductivity without the need for sintering, and drying at elevated temperatures enables shape change for 4D printing. A conductive spider is successfully printed, demonstrating the potential for printing metallic structures under ambient conditions.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Yegor Piskarev, Antoine Devincenti, Vivek Ramachandran, Pierre-Etienne Bourban, Michael D. Dickey, Jun Shintake, Dario Floreano
Summary: This article presents a soft gripper that combines granular jamming and electroadhesion to gently grasp and release objects with varying properties. It can operate in different modes to handle objects with different surface conditions and mechanical properties.
ADVANCED INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Daniel Pickard, Dmitro Martynowych, Jet Lem, Anwar Koshakji, Shaoting Lin, Xuanhe Zhao, Keith Nelson, Bianca Giovanardi, Raul Radovitzky
Summary: Detailed numerical simulations reveal a new class of impulsively excited surface instability in a confined cylindrical hydrogel film. This surface instability is fundamentally different from acoustic parametric instability and shock-driven Richtmyer-Meshkov instability, with a significantly longer time scale of eruption formation. Surface undulations are found only along the outer boundary of solid hydrogel cylinders, indicating a distinct mechanism from classic bubble surface instability.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Meixiang Wang, Jian Hu, Michael D. Dickey
Summary: Ionogels are crosslinked networks swollen with ionic liquids, which possess unique properties and have been widely applied in sensors, adhesives, and energy storage devices, etc. Recent strategies for simplifying synthesis processes have improved the mechanical properties and broadened the application space of ionogels.
NPG ASIA MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Keith D. Hillaire, Praneshnandan Nithyanandam, Minyung Song, Sahar Rashid Nadimi, Abolfazl Kiani, Michael D. Dickey, Karen E. Daniels
Summary: This paper presents a suite of techniques to measure the electrical and interfacial properties of room-temperature liquid eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) as a function of applied electric potential. The study provides new insights into the mechanisms that cause the significant decrease in interfacial tension. A key finding is the hysteresis behavior of the interfacial tension with lowering applied potential. The authors combine these observations with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to evaluate the changes in interfacial tension arising from chemical, electrical, and mechanical changes on the interface.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ruyu Kan, Modi Jiang, Kexian Song, Rui Chen, Qingchen Shen, Ruitong Wang, Guoming Weng, Benwei Fu, Chengyi Song, Peng Tao, Jun Wang, Michael D. Dickey, Tao Deng, Wen Shang
Summary: Stable seals for stretchable organic electrolyte-based lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are demonstrated by the integration of liquid metal and polyisobutylene. The seal blocks moisture/oxygen from entering and reactive gases from exiting, providing good stretchability and operation stability for the organic electrolyte-based battery.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)