Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Xinyu Li, Andrei M. Beloborodov, Lorenzo Sironi
Summary: The dissipation mechanism involving the collision of two anti-aligned strong Alfven waves form a thin current sheet perpendicular to the background magnetic field, accelerating particles to high energies and dissipation a large fraction of wave energy. This fast dissipation process is activated when the amplitude ratio A > 1/2 and may occur in various objects with perturbed magnetic fields. The mechanism transitions to normal, slower magnetic reconnection at higher amplitude ratios A >> 1.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Luca Comisso, Lorenzo Sironi
Summary: This study shows that magnetically dominated turbulence in pair plasmas subject to strong synchrotron cooling can generate a nonthermal particle spectrum with a hard power-law range, and the particle spectrum becomes even harder over time. These findings have important implications for understanding nonthermal emission from high-energy astrophysical sources.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jure Mravlje, Marjana Regvar, Pia Staric, Rok Zaplotnik, Miran Mozetic, Katarina Vogel-Mikus
Summary: This study explores the effects of low-pressure cold plasma treatment on decontamination and germination of common and Tartary buckwheat grains, with glow treatment being more effective in decontamination but also reducing germination capacity.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Syamlal Sasi, Karthika Prasad, Janith Weerasinghe, Olha Bazaka, Elena P. Ivanova, Igor Levchenko, Kateryna Bazaka
Summary: Global challenges in the environment, society, and economy require innovative solutions for food production. Current systems need to surpass traditional paradigms in order to address sustainability and lack of awareness of technologies that can limit nutrient loss from soil. Aquaponics, a closed-loop system combining aquaculture with hydroponics, offers a more efficient approach to managing scarce resources. However, its large-scale implementation is hindered by challenges in water chemistry, infection management, and productivity. This paper explores the potential of plasma technologies in overcoming these challenges and promoting sustainability in food production.
TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Mackenzie Meyer, Gaurav Nayak, Peter J. J. Bruggeman, Mark J. J. Kushner
Summary: Interactions between atmospheric pressure plasmas and liquids are being investigated for various applications. 2D modeling of RF glow discharges with a lossy dielectric droplet was performed to understand the characteristics of the sheath formed around the droplet. The study found that the interaction between bulk and sheath electric fields leads to a maximum E/N value at the equator of the droplet and the highest electron temperature is observed above and below the equator.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Masiar Rahman, Jacopo Profili, Christian Moreau, Luc Stafford
Summary: This study investigated the plasma treatment of aluminum surfaces, which resulted in the formation of self-organized, multilayered, and multiscale features. The controlled operating conditions played a crucial role in the formation of these structures, making them promising for various surface engineering applications.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Andreas Hoffmann, Matthias Uhl, Maximilian Ceblin, Joachim Bansmann, Timo Jacob, Alexander J. C. Kuehne
Summary: Carbon nanofiber nonwovens are electrode materials with exceptional performance in energy storage devices. Plasma activation using an atmospheric pressure plasma-jet is an environmental-friendly method to improve the capacitance of nanofiber nonwovens.
PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Optics
Cyrille Richard, Bruno Viana
Summary: This article reviews the mechanisms of persistent luminescence of trivalent lanthanides in wide bandgap fluoride or phosphate hosts after charging by X-rays, and envisions the potential applications.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
C. Katsavrias, S. Raptis, I. A. Daglis, T. Karlsson, M. Georgiou, G. Balasis
Summary: Observations of a magnetosheath jet followed by decelerated background plasma showed abrupt disturbances in the magnetosphere, suggesting locally generated pulsations driven by magnetic field changes. Pulsations detected inside the magnetosphere were found to be directly associated with those in the magnetosheath, raising questions about their propagation through the magnetopause.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bernard J. Kelly, Zachariah B. Etienne, Jacob Golomb, Jeremy D. Schnittman, John G. Baker, Scott C. Noble, Geoffrey Ryan
Summary: Studying the effects of rapidly spinning black holes formed by black hole mergers on plasma with uniform density and magnetic fields, it was found that the magnetic field angle significantly affects the Poynting luminosity and stabilizes the matter accretion rate under certain conditions.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Rajesh Jeewon, Aadil Ahmad Aullybux, Daneshwar Puchooa, Nadeem Nazurally, Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei, Ying Zhang
Summary: As the largest habitat on Earth, the marine environment hosts microorganisms with biotechnological potential, particularly marine polysaccharides. These polysaccharides have diverse structures and functions, making them attractive for various industries. The extreme conditions in the aquatic ecosystem also provide opportunities for the discovery of novel polysaccharides. However, despite their potential, only a few marine microbial polysaccharides have reached the market.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adrian Scurtu, Dorina Ticos, Maria Luiza Mitu, Constantin Diplasu, Nicoleta Udrea, Catalin Mihai Ticos
Summary: The splitting of CO2 was studied in a pulsed plasma discharge produced in a coaxial gun. Spectroscopic measurements were carried out, and evidence of CO2 dissociation into oxygen and CO was found. The increased discharge current led to more intense spectra lines and the presence of new oxygen lines, indicating more dissociation channels. Possible applications include oxygen production in future Mars missions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Adeel Ahmed, Muhammad Usman, Zhijian Ji, Muhammad Ra, Bing Yu, Youqing Shen, Hailin Cong
Summary: Nanotechnology combines material science and biology, and the synthesis of novel nanomaterials with unique applications is made possible. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted attention for their versatile antibacterial characteristics and biological properties. Biogenic synthesis of AgNPs from plants and microorganisms is a promising environmentally friendly and fast technology.
MATERIALS TODAY CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jakub Jadwiszczak, Daniel J. Kelly, Junqing Guo, Yangbo Zhou, Hongzhou Zhang
Summary: The incorporation of 2D semiconductors into future electronic devices requires large-scale and cost-effective doping and chemical control methods. Plasma processing has emerged as a promising solution, but challenges remain in fine-tuning the chemical functionalization of 2D materials.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. Buryi, Z. Remes, V Babin, A. Artemenko, S. Chertopalov, J. Micova
Summary: The effect of hydrogen and oxygen plasma treatment on ZnO:Er nano-and microrods was studied, with hydrogen treatment improving the exciton-related luminescence band and oxygen treatment leading to the appearance of Er2O3 crystalline phase. The distribution of Er3+ and the creation of new point defects were affected by both treatments.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qing Sun, Xin Lu, Dean J. Tantillo
Summary: Electrostatic drag in the intramolecular Schmidt reactions of azidopropylcyclohexanones is characterized using density functional theory (DFT) calculations and direct dynamics simulations. Despite enthalpically favorable interactions, electrostatic drag slows down N-2 loss during the formation of bridged lactam products, which has implications for controlling product selectivity.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Yunkai Cai, Lin Lv, Xinpei Lu
Summary: Increasing the inner electrode diameter can improve the oxidation degree of NOx, reduce energy consumption, and have little effect on SO2 removal. Increasing specific energy density (SED) can enhance the emission intensity of OH and O radicals, leading to more SO2 being oxidized to SO3 and H2SO4. A larger inner electrode diameter in the DBD reactor results in lower gas gap temperature, higher E/N, improved electron energy, increased formation of oxidative radicals, and reduced energy consumption under the same SED.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
J. Liu, L. Nie, Y. Xian, X. Lu
Summary: The study found that adding a small amount of nitrogen or oxygen to argon can make the plasma channel smooth, while the rotational frequency of the electrode does not affect the appearance of the plasma channel. Optical emission spectra show that adding O-2/N-2 reduces the emission intensity of transitions from excited argon levels to metastable states, leading to a transition of the discharge channel's nature.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Fusheng Sun, Xiaoxue Xie, Yufan Zhang, Mingyu Ma, Yaqiong Wang, Jiangwei Duan, Xinpei Lu, Guangxiao Yang, Guangyuan He
Summary: Cold air atmospheric pressure plasma treatment altered the physiochemical and functional properties of wheat gliadin by generating high-energy reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, leading to conformational rearrangement and modification of key amino acids. The increase in disulfide bonds and free thiol groups, along with enhanced zeta potential and colloidal particle size, improved the foaming ability and stability of gliadin, making it a more versatile ingredient for potential applications in the food industry.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Yichen Yao, Ke Song, Hui Chen, Xiaoxiao Ding, Qi Shi, Xinpei Lu, Yingguang Cao
Summary: The study compared the antimicrobial efficacy of APNP jet irradiation to that of 2% Chx irrigation in root canal treatment, showing comparable results. The modified APNP demonstrated increased antimicrobial efficacy both in vitro and in vivo, with no structural damage in dentine or tissue necrosis at the periapical region. In experimental apical periodontitis, the modified APNP group showed significantly improved bone volume and decreased lesion volume compared to the 2% Chx irrigation group.
CLINICAL ORAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
XinYu Lei, LanLan Nie, YuBin Xian, XinPei Lu
Summary: The investigation focused on the breakdown phase of a nanosecond pulsed pin-to-pin discharge in air at atmosphere pressure with different gas flow rates. The experimental results showed that air flow increased the breakdown delay time due to the redistribution and decrease in densities of reactive species. When using 15 standard liters per minute air flow, the discharge current peaks at about 0.5A before decreasing to 0.4A and then rapidly increasing.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2021)
Review
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Haotian Gao, Guoli Wang, Baihan Chen, Yanzhe Zhang, Dawei Liu, Xinpei Lu, Guangyuan He, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov
Summary: PBAs pose a serious threat to public health, while APNP has shown potential in reducing the transmission route of infectious diseases. The development of high-performance APNP-based air purification systems is crucial in controlling communicable diseases.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Shaohui Jin, Zhiyu Li, Yubin Xian, Lanlan Nie, Xinpei Lu
Summary: The non-equal gap distance dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) between cone-shaped and cylinder-shaped electrodes was investigated. With a nanosecond voltage pulse, ladder-shaped plasma with multiple plasma layers is generated within the gap when the pulse frequency is 500 Hz or lower. The multiple plasma layers are formed due to the propagation of ring-shaped plasma with regular variations in propagation speed.
Article
Physics, Applied
Rusen Zhou, Baowang Liu, Yiyang Li, Renwu Zhou, Wenshao Li, Jungmi Hong, Tianqi Zhang, Dejiang Zhou, Yubin Xian, Patrick J. Cullen, Xinpei Lu, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov
Summary: We have successfully reduced the breakdown voltage and discharge current required for direct in-liquid discharges by employing movable electrodes, thereby avoiding electrode ablation and reducing power-source requirements.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Xinyu Lei, He Cheng, LanLan Nie, YuBin Xian, Xinpei Lu
Summary: The novel three-level coupled rotating electrodes air plasma combined with nano-sized TiO2 photocatalysts shows exceptional synergy in increasing NO(x) concentration and reducing energy cost. The mechanism involves highly energetic electrons in plasma contributing to the formation of oxygen vacancies on the TiO2 catalyst surface, enhancing energy efficiency.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
XinYu Lei, He Cheng, LanLan Nie, XinPei Lu
Summary: In this study, a three-level coupled rotating electrodes air plasma at atmospheric pressure was developed to evaluate nitrogen fixation. Factors such as airflow rate, input H2O concentration, blade numbers, and rotating speed were examined for their influence on NOx production rate and energy cost. The results showed that airflow rate had no effect on certain parameters, but higher airflow rates resulted in lower NOx concentration and energy cost. The addition of H2O also had a positive effect on both NOx concentration and energy cost.
PLASMA CHEMISTRY AND PLASMA PROCESSING
(2022)
Review
Physics, Applied
Zhongzheng Huang, Ao Xiao, Dawei Liu, Xinpei Lu, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov
Summary: Nitrogen-based crop fertilizers are crucial industrial chemicals for global food supply, but plasma-water-based nitrogen fixation offers a clean, sustainable, and flexible alternative. This review summarizes the current state of this technology, provides insights into its mechanisms, and identifies opportunities and challenges for the development of sustainable nitrogen fixation technology.
PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jie Tang, Peixin Yang, Xin Lu, Liwen Wang
Summary: In this study, a three-dimensional droplet-impacting-a-blade model is constructed to investigate the influencing factors of liquid droplets on the cleaning effects of the scale layer. Numerical methods, including the finite volume method and the volume of fluid method, are utilized to analyze the dynamic characteristics of a droplet impacting the fouling layer of a blade. The findings reveal that an increase in droplet velocity and diameter leads to a higher impact force, while a larger blade surface curvature results in a smaller vertical impact force. Moreover, liquid impact on the blade surface reduces the peak value of droplet impact force. Finally, increasing droplet diameter and velocity can improve the cleaning effect, and a larger blade surface curvature leads to a wider cleaning area.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Mounir Laroussi, Sander Bekeschus, Michael Keidar, Annemie Bogaerts, Alexander Fridman, Xinpei Lu, Kostya Ostrikov, Masaru Hori, Katharina Stapelmann, Vandana Miller, Stephan Reuter, Christophe Laux, Ali Mesbah, James Walsh, Chunqi Jiang, Selma Mededovic Thagard, Hiromasa Tanaka, Dawei Liu, Dayun Yan, Maksudbek Yusupov
Summary: This article provides an overview of the applications of plasma in technology and healthcare, discusses innovative concepts and approaches to overcoming current challenges, and proposes ideas and concepts to guide future research efforts.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RADIATION AND PLASMA MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Baowang Liu, Fei Qi, Dejiang Zhou, Lanlan Nie, Yubin Xian, Xinpei Lu
Summary: This study demonstrates a flexible multi-pin plasma generator with movable electrodes, which can change the shape of the electrode array freely and provide a large-area uniform plasma for treating surfaces of different shapes. The discharge characteristics and sterilization performance of three different electrode configurations are investigated. The results show that the flat-flat and curve-curve configurations yield very similar results, which are much better than the flat-curve configuration. This flexible multi-pin plasma generator offers a simple method for uniformly treating surfaces of different irregular shapes.
PLASMA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
