Article
Chemistry, Physical
Cong Su, Fang Zhang, Salman Kahn, Brian Shevitski, Jingwei Jiang, Chunhui Dai, Alex Ungar, Ji-Hoon Park, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Jing Kong, Zikang Tang, Wenqing Zhang, Feng Wang, Michael Crommie, Steven G. Louie, Shaul Aloni, Alex Zettl
Summary: Colour centre emission from hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) shows promise for quantum technologies, but activation and tuning are challenging. In this study, the authors demonstrate the tuning of emission brightness by adjusting the twist angle and modulation of brightness with external voltage at the twisted interface of hBN flakes.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Artur Lozovoi, Harishankar Jayakumar, Damon Daw, Gyorgy Vizkelethy, Edward Bielejec, Marcus W. Doherty, Johannes Flick, Carlos A. Meriles
Summary: Confocal fluorescence microscopy and magnetic resonance are utilized to induce and probe charge transport between individual nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond at room temperature. The experiments demonstrate the unprecedented giant carrier capture cross-sections, orders of magnitude greater than those measured in ensembles, attributing to the action of unscreened Coulomb potentials.
NATURE ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
I Friscic, D. Nguyen, J. R. Pybus, A. Jentsch, E. P. Segarra, M. D. Baker, O. Hen, D. W. Higinbotham, R. Milner, A. S. Tadepalli, Z. Tu, J. Rittenhouse West
Summary: The study investigates the feasibility of suppressing model dependencies by tagging both spectator protons in the process of Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) off neutrons in He-3 at the forthcoming Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). It is demonstrated that the EIC can probe the neutron spin structure effectively, providing valuable insight into the spin and flavor structure of nucleons. The double spectator tagging method significantly reduces uncertainties in the extracted neutron spin asymmetries, especially in the low-x(B) region.
Article
Oncology
Boram Lee, Sungkoo Cho, Hee Chul Park, Sang-Won Kang, Jae-Sung Kim, Jin-Beom Chung
Summary: This study investigated the dosimetric impact of metal stents on photon and proton treatment plans for hepatocellular carcinoma. The results showed differences in dose distributions and dosimetric parameters depending on the position and angle of the stents. The differences were greater in proton plans compared to photon plans, and the dose variation within the target volume varied depending on the stent's position and angle. The Monte Carlo calculations confirmed that delivering the treatment beam avoiding the stent was the best method to prevent underdose in the target volume.
RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Y. Yamamoto, S. Hayakawa, T. Okita, M. Itakura
Summary: In this study, the self-evolving atomistic kinetic Monte Carlo (SEAKMC) method was used to expand the timescale and reproduce bubble coalescences in Fe. Two algorithms were introduced to avoid trivial events with low activation energy and to achieve a 8-order longer timescale than MD. This method is effective for analyzing microstructures of metallic materials containing light elements and is the only method that can reach timescales comparable to those of experiments.
COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Thomas Tessonnier, Stewart Mein, Dietrich W. M. Walsh, Nora Schuhmacher, Hans Liew, Rainer Cee, Michael Galonska, Stefan Scheloske, Christian Schomers, Uli Weber, Stephan Brons, Jurgen Debus, Thomas Haberer, Amir Abdollahi, Andrea Mairani, Ivana Dokic
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effects of dose, LET, and O-2 concentration on biologic response to ultrahigh dose rate helium ion beams. Results showed no significant differences in cellular response between ultrahigh dose rate and standard dose rate irradiation at different doses and oxygen levels, but a FLASH sparing effect was observed under specific conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Audrey Valentin, Ovidiu Brinza, Samir Farhat, Jocelyn Achard, Fabien Benedic
Summary: A 3D Kinetic Monte-Carlo (KMC) model is implemented to simulate the growth of (1 0 0)-oriented diamond films. The model accurately reproduces the step-flow growth mechanism and shows the anisotropy of step propagation.
DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shoulong Lai, Weixia Shen, Zhuangfei Zhang, Chao Fang, Yuewen Zhang, Liangchao Chen, Qianqian Wang, Biao Wan, Xiaopeng Jia
Summary: This study successfully prepared industrial-grade diamonds containing different concentrations of SiV- color centers by adjusting the doping amount and pressure conditions. The results showed that increasing the Si doping amount enhanced the intensity of SiV- color centers in the diamond, while nitrogen impurities inhibited their formation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Nicholas P. Nelson, Wesley S. Culberson, Daniel E. Hyer, Theodore J. Geoghegan, Kaustubh A. Patwardhan, Blake R. Smith, Ryan T. Flynn, Jen Yu, Alonso N. Gutierrez, Patrick M. Hill
Summary: The objective of this study is to characterize and experimentally validate the dosimetry of dynamically collimated proton therapy with the dynamic collimation system (DCS) in a clinical pencil beam scanning (PBS) system. Optimized treatment plans were generated and measured using Monte Carlo dose calculations and various dosimeters in a water phantom. The delivery of DCS-collimated fields using a clinical PBS system was experimentally verified and potential weaknesses of dosimeters subjected to steep dose gradients were identified.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Erik Almhagen, Erik Traneus, Anders Ahnesjo
Summary: Published data from cell survival experiments are often used for proton RBE models, but rarely provide full information about the primary particle spectrum or heavy secondary particles. This study used Geant4 to evaluate the impact of heavy secondary particles on RBE calculations, finding that including non-primary protons can cause up to a 2% difference in RBE.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Etesam Malekzadeh, Hossein Rajabi, Mohammad Ali Tajik-Mansoury, Pouya Sabouri, Elisa Fiorina, Faraz Kalantari
Summary: The design of a prompt gamma camera for real-time dose delivery verification and the partial mitigation of range uncertainties was investigated. The camera was optimized based on the trade-off between signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution. The camera performance was evaluated using Monte Carlo simulations, and the results showed accurate range estimation and high image resolution.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Dooyoul Lee, Hwanjeong Cho, Min-Saeng Kim, Kybeom Kwon
Summary: This study proposes a framework for the probabilistic risk analysis of aircraft self-collisions, focusing on military aircraft with external stores. A case study involving an ejected gun shell is analyzed, taking into account uncertain factors such as random shell rotation. The probability of collision and corresponding risks are evaluated using a Monte Carlo simulation and probabilistic ballistic model.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Abolfazl Alizadeh Sahraei, Faical Larachi
Summary: The study revealed that removal of single sulfur or zinc atom on the sphalerite surface led to surface reconstruction by forming favorable local bonds, while the presence of double neighboring congruent vacancies altered the adsorption configuration to more complicated modes. In the most stable configuration, alanine was dissociatively adsorbed on the surface with a tridentate bond formed with two zinc atoms, showing significantly higher affinity than the defect-free surface. Additionally, in a special case with two Zn and S vacancies, alanine underwent a chemical transformation from neutral to zwitterionic form through an intramolecular dissociation reaction.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Tengyu Wang, Keyang Qin, Xiangfu Wang
Summary: This study establishes a model to investigate the photon propagation and thermal distribution in layered ceramics and reveals the gradient changes in both distributions. These changes are strongly influenced by the type, beam width, and power of the laser.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Henry J. Meyer, Uwe Titt, Radhe Mohan
Summary: Monte Carlo simulations showed that the dose delivered by alpha particles from the p + B-11 -> 3 alpha reaction was much lower than the dose delivered by protons directly. Therefore, it is concluded that the enhanced biological effectiveness of proton-boron fusion therapy is not due to an alpha particle-based mechanism.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuen Yung Hui, Yi-Xiu Tang, Terumitsu Azuma, Hsin-Hung Lin, Fang-Zhen Liao, Qing-Ying Chen, Jen-Hwa Kuo, Yuh-Lin Wang, Huan-Cheng Chang
Summary: In this study, a low-cost and portable lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) reader based on photothermal detection was developed. The LFIA reader utilized a low-power green laser as the heating source and a single-element infrared sensor as the detector for accurate quantitative detection of reporters captured on LFIA strips. The results showed that photothermal detection significantly enhanced the sensitivity of LFIA and enabled quantitative analysis to support critical decision-making.
JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Terumitsu Azuma, Yuen Yung Hui, Oliver Y. Chen, Yuh-Lin Wang, Huan-Cheng Chang
Summary: Temperature sensing is a promising method for enhancing the detection sensitivity of lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) in point-of-care testing. By exciting fluorescent particles or colored latex beads, a temperature increase of over 100 degrees C can be achieved with a low-power laser. This study provides a fundamental understanding of thermometric assay using non-fluorescent latex beads deposited on a nitrocellulose membrane. The research reveals that the absorption of light by red and black latex beads at 520 nm is enhanced by 1.3-fold and 3.2-fold, respectively, due to the multiple scattering of light in the highly porous medium. The CLB-based thermometric assay demonstrates a 10x higher sensitivity than color visualization, similar to previous studies using gold nanoparticles. The practical application of this thermometric immunoassay for rapid antigen tests of COVID-19 is demonstrated.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Wesley Wei -Wen Hsiao, Neha Sharma, Trong-Nghia Le, Yu-Yuan Cheng, Cheng-Chung Lee, Duc-Thang Vo, Yuen Yung Hui, Huan-Cheng Chang, Wei- Hung Chiang
Summary: This report presents a novel detection platform called SELFIA for rapid testing of different variants of SARS-CoV-2 virus. The platform shows comparable accuracy and sensitivity with traditional testing methods.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Trong-Nghia Le, Wesley Wei-Wen Hsiao, Yu-Yuan Cheng, Cheng-Chung Lee, Tan-Thanh Huynh, Dinh Minh Pham, Marvin Chen, Ming-Wei Jen, Huan-Cheng Chang, Wei-Hung Chiang
Summary: Dengue fever is a global viral infectious disease, and early detection is crucial for disease prevention and clinical care. In this study, a novel rapid and highly sensitive tool for dengue detection was developed, which can differentiate different NS1 protein serotypes, potentially enabling early detection in high-risk and limited-resource areas.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vijayanath Elakkat, Eskedar Tessema, Chia-Her Lin, Xiaoping Wang, Huan-Cheng Chang, You-Ning Zheng, Yu-Cheng Huang, Zhong-Yun Gurumallappa, Zhong-Yun Zhang, Ka Long A. Chan, Hening A. S. Rahayu, Joseph S. Francisco, Norman Lu
Summary: To understand the effect of non-covalent weak interactions on molecules, we investigated different types of weak interactions in fluorinated chiral zinc complexes, including improper H-bonding, tetrel bonds, and halogen bonds. High resolution neutron diffraction studies revealed elongation and shortening of the methylene carbon-hydrogen bond due to tetrel bonds and improper H-bond interactions, respectively. We demonstrated how multiple weak interactions can cumulatively affect the C-H bond and offset its elongation through formation of an improper H-bond. Non-covalent interaction and electrostatic potential analysis investigations confirmed the nature of these interactions using density functional theory (DFT) and related calculations.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Teng- Yang, Yu-Wen Huang, Prabesh Bista, Chien-Fang Ding, Jeson Chen, Cheng-Tien Chiang, Huan-Cheng Chang
Summary: The study reveals that fluorescent nanodiamonds emit red fluorescence when exposed to specific wavelength lasers. At low power, the emission is mainly due to excitation of electrons from the valence band of diamond to the NV0 centers, while at high power, nonresonant two-photon interband excitation dominates.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Teng- Yang, Terumitsu Azuma, Yu-Wen Huang, Yuen Yung Hui, Cheng-Tien Chiang, Huan-Cheng Chang
Summary: This work measured the stimulated emission cross sections of neutral nitrogen-vacancy (NV0) defects in single-crystal diamond by two-photon excitation. The peak stimulated emission cross section of NV0 centers was found to be 1.43 +/- 0.07 x 10(-17) cm(2) at 650 nm. The thermal shifts of the zem-phonon line of NV0 centers in nanoscale diamonds were also examined, and a temperature measurement sensitivity of 0.2 K.Hz(-1/2) was achieved.
JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ching-Shuan Huang, Chih-Hsun Hsiao, Yu-Chia Chang, Chih-Hsiang Chang, Jen-Chang Yang, James L. Gutmann, Huan-Cheng Chang, Haw-Ming Huang, Sung-Chih Hsieh
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of using nano and submicron diamonds in irrigation solutions with sonic and ultrasonic oscillation for removing the smear layer during endodontic treatment. The results showed that specific sizes of nano and submicron diamond irrigation solutions can be used as an alternative approach to removing the smear layer through sonic and ultrasonic oscillation. The potential clinical application of root canal treatments can be expected.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haotian Wen, David Kordahl, Inga C. Kuschnerus, Philipp Reineck, Alexander Macmillan, Huan-Cheng Chang, Christian Dwyer, Shery L. Y. Chang
Summary: Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are important for quantum sensors due to their luminescence, stability, and biocompatibility. The shape of FNDs significantly affects their fluorescence brightness, with thin, flake-shaped particles being several times brighter and decreasing particle sphericity leading to increased fluorescence.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Trong-Nghia Le, Hsin-Yi Chen, Xuan Mai Lam, Chi-Chia Wang, Huan-Cheng Chang
Summary: Nanodiamonds (NDs) have been developed as in vitro diagnostic sensors for two complementary assays: particle-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay (PETIA) and spin-enhanced lateral flow immunoassay (SELFIA). These NDs, with a largerefractiveindex, emit bright red fluorescence when excited by green light. In experiments using CRP as the target antigen, anti-CRP-conjugated NDs displayed high colloidal stability and low limits of detection.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Teng- Yang, Yuen Yung Hui, Jen-Iu Lo, Yu-Wen Huang, Yin-Yu Lee, Bing-Ming Cheng, Huan-Cheng Chang
Summary: This study demonstrates the use of fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers as scintillators for imaging and characterizing extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation. The FNDs form a stable thin film and can emit bright red fluorescence when excited by EUV light. An FND-based imaging device has been developed for beam diagnostics of synchrotron radiations.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hsin-Hung Lin, Chih-Yen Wang, Feng-Jen Hsieh, Fang-Zhen Liao, Yu-Kai Su, Minh Dinh Pham, Chih-Yuan Lee, Huan-Cheng Chang, Hsao-Hsun Hsu
Summary: This study investigated the use of nanodiamonds (NDs) and fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) as additives in Freund's adjuvant to enhance immune responses and inhibit tumor growth. The results showed that the new formulation significantly enhanced immune responses and had therapeutic effects on tumor growth.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hai-Yin Wu, Gokberk Kabacaoglu, Ehssan Nazockdast, Huan-Cheng Chang, Michael J. Shelley, Daniel J. Needleman
Summary: This article introduces two methods for studying subcellular dynamics, one using laser ablation and the other assessing fluid flow. It is found that cortical pulling forces can explain various behaviors of centrosomes.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Wesley Wei -Wen Hsiao, Gianna Fadhilah, Cheng-Chung Lee, Ryu Endo, Yu-Jou Lin, Stefanny Angela, Chia-Chi Ku, Huan-Cheng Chang, Wei -Hung Chiang
Summary: Avian influenza virus (AIV), a zoonotic virus, can infect humans with a high mortality rate. The development of rapid, selective, and accurate detection methods is crucial. Nanotechnology provides a promising approach as nanomaterial-based biosensors offer eco-friendly, portable, and sensitive diagnostic systems with a low detection limit. This paper reviews advanced nanomaterial-based biosensors for AIV detection and discusses potential trial protocols and key issues in their development.
Article
Physics, Applied
Nadezda Varkentina, Yves Auad, Steffi Y. Woo, Florian Castioni, Jean-Denis Blazit, Marcel Tence, Huan-Cheng Chang, Jeson Chen, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Mathieu Kociak, Luiz H. G. Tizei
Summary: Electron-photon temporal correlations in electron energy loss spectroscopy and cathodoluminescence spectroscopy have been used to measure the relative quantum efficiency of materials. It has been found that cathodoluminescence excitation spectroscopy can also be used to measure the decay time of excitations and explore the energy dependence of decay time. By using well-known insulating materials, nanodiamonds with NV0 defects and hexagonal boron nitride with 4.1 eV defects, the instrumental response function has been characterized, and the measured lifetimes of the defects match previous reports.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
