Article
Physics, Applied
Martin A. Wolff, Fabian Beutel, Jonas Schuette, Helge Gehring, Matthias Haeussler, Wolfram Pernice, Carsten Schuck
Summary: This work demonstrates a method to achieve high detection efficiency and wide wavelength range in a single waveguide-integrated SNSPD device, with efficient coupling between optical fibers and detectors through a three-dimensional interface.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Yanqiu Guan, Haochen Li, Li Xue, Rui Yin, Labao Zhang, Hao Wang, Guanghao Zhu, Lin Kang, Jian Chen, Peiheng Wu
Summary: This article reviews the advantages and applications of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) in single-photon Lidar systems, and prospects the future development.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Optics
Jingyuan Zheng, You Xiao, Mingzhong Hu, Yuchen Zhao, Hao Li, Lixing You, Xue Feng, Fang Liu, Kaiyu Cui, Yidong Huang, Wei Zhang
Summary: In this work, a photon counting reconstructive spectrometer combining metasurfaces and superconducting nano-wire single-photon detectors is proposed. The prototype device fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator substrate supports spectral reconstruction of mono-color lights with a resolution of 2 nm in the wavelength region of 1500-1600 nm. The experiment results demonstrate its potential to be applied in scenarios requiring real-time measurement.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peng Luo, Yihui Zhao
Summary: In this review, the wide application of niobium nitride (NbN) in the production of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) is discussed. Various thin film growth methods and nanowire fabrication methods are presented, and their impact on the performance of SNSPDs is analyzed. An outlook for the future development of preparation for SNSPDs is provided.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yonit Hochberg, Benjamin Lehmann, Ilya Charaev, Jeff Chiles, Marco Colangelo, Sae Woo Nam, Karl K. Berggren
Summary: Superconducting nanowires, originally developed for quantum sensing, can be utilized as a tool for searching for dark matter interactions with electrons. A recent measurement with a tungsten silicide superconducting nanowire device has provided new constraints on sub-MeV dark matter-electron interactions, establishing the strongest constraints to date on such interactions.
Article
Physics, Applied
Claire E. Marvinney, Brian E. Lerner, Alexander A. Puretzky, Aaron J. Miller, Benjamin J. Lawrie
Summary: The study found that the kinetic inductance of large-area SNSPDs is affected by the optical spot size, with large spot sizes increasing the probability of slow rise times and showing a position sensitive response. Furthermore, in the case of low bias currents, dark counts arise from locations spanning the device.
SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Maximilian Protte, Varun B. Verma, Jan Philipp Hoepker, Richard P. Mirin, Sae Woo Nam, Tim J. Bartley
Summary: In this study, we demonstrate the fabrication of micron-wide tungsten silicide superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors on a silicon substrate using laser lithography. We show the saturated internal detection efficiencies of different wire widths under illumination at 1550 nm. Both straight wires and meandered structures are demonstrated. Additionally, single-photon sensitivity is exhibited in devices up to 4 mm in length. Laser-lithographically written devices allow for fast and easy structuring of large areas while maintaining a saturated internal efficiency for wire widths around 1 μm.
SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Philipp Karl, Sandra Mennle, Monika Ubl, Philipp Flad, Jing-Wei Yang, Tzu-Yu Peng, Yu-Jung Lu, Harald Giessen
Summary: With the rapid progress of quantum technologies, superconducting nanowire single photon detectors have become a better alternative to conventional avalanche photodiodes, utilizing resonant plasmonic perfect absorber effects to achieve high absorption efficiency.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Emma E. Wollman, Varun B. Verma, Alexander B. Walter, Jeff Chiles, Boris Korzh, Jason P. Allmaras, Yao Zhai, Adriana E. Lita, Adam N. McCaughan, Ekkehart Schmidt, Simone Frasca, Richard P. Mirin, Sae Woo Nam, Matthew D. Shaw
Summary: Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors have shown potential for high pixel stability required for the Origins Space Telescope mission. Recent advances in fabrication techniques have expanded their sensitivity to mid-IR wavelengths and enabled larger active areas and pixel arrays.
JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPES INSTRUMENTS AND SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Giovanni V. Resta, Lorenzo Stasi, Matthieu Perrenoud, Sylvain El-Khoury, Tiff Brydges, Rob Thew, Hugo Zbinden, Felix Bussieres
Summary: Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) with high system detection efficiency (SDE), low dark counts, and fast recovery time have enabled the realization of various quantum optics technologies. This article presents an SNSPD array composed of 14 independent pixels, achieving an SDE of 90% in the telecommunications band. By reading each pixel of the array independently, the detection of telecommunication photons at 1.5 GHz with 45% absolute SDE is demonstrated. The dynamic photon-number resolution of the array is exploited for accurate state reconstruction of a wide range of light inputs, including long-duration light pulses obtained with cavity-based sources. Two-photon and three-photon fidelities of 74% and 57% are shown, respectively, representing state-of-the-art results for fiber-coupled SNSPDs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samuel Gyger, Julien Zichi, Lucas Schweickert, Ali W. Elshaari, Stephan Steinhauer, Saimon F. Covre da Silva, Armando Rastelli, Val Zwiller, Klaus D. Jons, Carlos Errando-Herranz
Summary: Integrated photonics offer a promising approach to scale up quantum optics experiments, with the combination of low-power microelectromechanical control and superconducting single-photon detectors demonstrating key functionalities such as routing, high dynamic range detection, and power stabilization on the same chip.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Viktor Lubsanov, Vladimir Gurtovoi, Alexander Semenov, Evgenii Glushkov, Vladimir Antonov, Oleg Astafiev
Summary: In this study, we developed superconducting materials for a broadband microwave single-photon detector. The Ti/Pt bilayers were found to be good candidates, with adjustable superconducting transition temperature and sheet resistance. We demonstrated a low-level microwave power detector based on a designed Ti/Pt nanobridge.
SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Catalin D. Spataru, Francois Leonard
Summary: This study investigates the properties of a nanoscale superconducting detector and explores two detection mechanisms. The results suggest that the most promising scenario is when the SC channel is weakly coupled to the leads and in the presence of a background magnetic field, where photoexcitation of a magnetic molecule can trigger a SC-to-normal transition in the channel resulting in a significant change in the device current.
Article
Physics, Applied
Lily Hallett, Ilya Charaev, Akshay Agarwal, Andrew Dane, Marco Colangelo, Di Zhu, Karl K. Berggren
Summary: The comprehensive study on molybdenum nitride (MoN) thin film deposition using direct current reactive magnetron sputtering revealed the material's potential for practical applications in low-temperature superconductors, such as single-photon detectors and transition-edge sensors. Additionally, the investigation of various deposition conditions showed the effect on the superconducting and electrical properties of the films, with meander-shaped single-photon detectors made from 5 nm MoN films demonstrating saturated quantum detection efficiency at the telecom wavelength of 1550 nm.
SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Gregor G. Taylor, Dmitry V. Morozov, Ciaran T. Lennon, Peter S. Barry, Calder Sheagren, Robert H. Hadfield
Summary: In this study, the extended infrared single-photon response of niobium nitride superconducting nanowires deposited by atomic layer deposition was reported. The superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors based on 4.65nm thick NbN were characterized at 2.5K, demonstrating single-photon sensitivity from 1310 to 2006nm with saturated response at shorter wavelengths.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
T. M. Klapwijk, P. J. de Visser
Article
Physics, Applied
Tatsuya Takekoshi, Kenichi Karatsu, Junya Suzuki, Yoichi Tamura, Tai Oshima, Akio Taniguchi, Shin'ichiro Asayama, Tom J. L. C. Bakx, Jochem J. A. Baselmans, Sjoerd Bosma, Juan Bueno, Kah Wuy Chin, Yasunori Fujii, Kazuyuki Fujita, Robert Huiting, Soh Ikarashi, Tsuyoshi Ishida, Shun Ishii, Ryohei Kawabe, Teun M. Klapwijk, Kotaro Kohno, Akira Kouchi, Nuria Llombart, Jun Maekawa, Vignesh Murugesan, Shunichi Nakatsubo, Masato Naruse, Kazushige Ohtawara, Alejandro Pascual Laguna, Koyo Suzuki, David J. Thoen, Takashi Tsukagoshi, Tetsutaro Ueda, Pieter J. de Visser, Paul P. van der Werf, Stephen J. C. Yates, Yuki Yoshimura, Ozan Yurduseven, Akira Endo
JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
L. Leandro, R. Reznik, J. D. Clement, J. Repan, M. Reynolds, E. Ubyivovk, I. Shtrom, G. Cirlin, N. Akopian
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacob Hastrup, Lorenzo Leandro, Nika Akopian
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Lorenzo Leandro, Jacob Hastrup, Rodion Reznik, George Cirlin, Nika Akopian
NPJ QUANTUM INFORMATION
(2020)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
F. Basso Basset, F. Salusti, L. Schweickert, M. B. Rota, D. Tedeschi, S. F. Covre da Silva, E. Roccia, V. Zwiller, K. D. Jons, A. Rastelli, R. Trotta
Summary: Researchers investigated quantum teleportation protocols using imperfect quantum dots, showing that the average teleportation fidelity could be improved by using a polarization-selective Bell state measurement and moderate spectral filtering, thus easing the stringent requirements on ideal entangled-photon sources. This suggests that imperfect quantum dots can still play a role in quantum communication architectures based on teleportation.
NPJ QUANTUM INFORMATION
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Stephan Steinhauer, Samuel Gyger, Val Zwiller
Summary: The article outlines the advantages of superconducting nanowires in single-photon detection and discusses future directions for overcoming challenges related to up-scaling nanowire devices and detector systems for widespread applications. Additionally, it summarizes current readout and multiplexing schemes for multi-pixel detector arrays and discusses the implications of recently discovered microwire-based detector geometries.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samuel Gyger, Julien Zichi, Lucas Schweickert, Ali W. Elshaari, Stephan Steinhauer, Saimon F. Covre da Silva, Armando Rastelli, Val Zwiller, Klaus D. Jons, Carlos Errando-Herranz
Summary: Integrated photonics offer a promising approach to scale up quantum optics experiments, with the combination of low-power microelectromechanical control and superconducting single-photon detectors demonstrating key functionalities such as routing, high dynamic range detection, and power stabilization on the same chip.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Iman Esmaeil Zadeh, J. Chang, Johannes W. N. Los, Samuel Gyger, Ali W. Elshaari, Stephan Steinhauer, Sander N. Dorenbos, Val Zwiller
Summary: Two decades after their demonstration, superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) have become essential tools for quantum photonics and other photon-starved applications, combining high detection efficiency, low dark counts, short dead times, and picosecond time resolution. Research has discussed important milestones, progress, emerging applications, and future challenges of SNSPDs.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
A. Tuktamyshev, A. Fedorov, S. Bietti, S. Vichi, K. D. Zeuner, K. D. Jons, D. Chrastina, S. Tsukamoto, V. Zwiller, M. Gurioli, S. Sanguinetti
Summary: In this study, self-assembly of InAs/InAlAs quantum dots was achieved using the droplet epitaxy technique on vicinal GaAs(111)A substrates. The small miscut angle, along with preferential nucleation sites at step edges, allowed for fast growth while maintaining quantum dot symmetry. These quantum dots emit in the 1.3 μm telecom O-band with low fine structure splitting, making them suitable for photon sources in quantum communication networks utilizing entangled photons.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Optics
J. Chang, J. W. N. Los, J. O. Tenorio-Pearl, N. Noordzij, R. Gourgues, A. Guardiani, J. R. Zichi, S. F. Pereira, H. P. Urbach, V. Zwiller, S. N. Dorenbos, I. Esmaeil Zadeh
Summary: The study focuses on the fabrication of novel SNSPDs with high efficiency and timing performance, achieved through membrane manufacturing. Utilizing SiO2/Au membranes allows small SNSPDs to have broadband absorption, offering high detection efficiency and timing performance.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rodion R. Reznik, George E. Cirlin, Konstantin P. Kotlyar, Igor V. Ilkiv, Nika Akopian, Lorenzo Leandro, Valentin V. Nikolaev, Alexey V. Belonovski, Mikhail A. Kaliteevski
Summary: Control of emission directionality plays a crucial role in the development of novel nanophotonic devices based on nanowires. In this study, we demonstrate highly directional light emissions near 800 nm wavelength from core-shell AlGaAs nanowires with GaAs quantum dots, despite inefficient emission into waveguided modes. Experimental measurements show significantly higher emission intensity around the axis of the nanowire compared to perpendicular directions, suggesting that axial electric dipole transitions in quantum dots contribute to directional emissions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daniele Barettin, Igor V. Shtrom, Rodion R. Reznik, Sergey V. Mikushev, George E. Cirlin, Matthias Auf der Maur, Nika Akopian
Summary: We conducted a study on Wurtzite AlGaAs using both experimental and numerical methods, and found that it is a technologically promising yet unexplored material. By developing a complete numerical model based on an 8-band (k) over right arrow center dot(p) over right arrow method, including electromechanical fields, we calculated the optoelectronic properties of wurtzite AlGaAs nanowires with different Al content and compared them with experimental data. Our results strongly indicate that wurtzite AlGaAs is a direct band gap material. Additionally, we numerically obtained the band gap of wurtzite AlAs and the valence band offset between AlAs and GaAs in the wurtzite symmetry.
Article
Physics, Applied
Marc Westig, Holger Thierschmann, Allard Katan, Matvey Finkel, Teun M. Klapwijk
Summary: This experimental study investigates the free-space electromagnetic field emitted from a multimode rectangular waveguide with a diagonal-horn antenna. It shows that the radiated field is linearly polarized when excited by the fundamental waveguide mode, and the polarization rotates by 45 degrees when higher-order modes are selectively excited. Despite this, the radiated field maintains a predominant Gaussian beam character with unidirectional coupling to a detector, independent of frequency.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2021)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Ali W. Elshaari, Anas Skalli, Samuel Gyger, Martin Nurizzo, Lucas Schweickert, Iman Esmaeil Zadeh, Mikael Svedendahl, Stephan Steinhauer, Val Zwiller
Summary: Hybrid integration provides an important avenue for incorporating atom-like solid-state single-photon emitters into photonic platforms. Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is particularly interesting quantum emitter for hybrid integration, as it provides a route for room-temperature quantum photonic technologies. Despite recent progress, a deterministic, site-controlled process for integrating hBN emitters in photonic waveguides remains elusive.
ADVANCED QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
