Surface stress effect on bending resonance of nanowires with different boundary conditions

The influence of surface stress on the resonance frequencies of bending nanowires was studied by incorporating the generalized Young-Laplace equation into Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. Theoretical solutions are presented for three different boundary conditions. The overall Young's modulus was used to study the surface stress influenced mechanical behavior of bending nanowires and a comparison was made for the overall Young's modulus calculated from nanowires in resonance and static bending. It was found that the overall Young's modulus can be simply related to a nondimensional surface effect factor via empirical formulae.