Article
Optics
Lei Zhang, Xinyu Sun, Hongyan Yu, Niping Deng, Feng Qiu, Jiyong Wang, Min Qiu
Summary: In this study, a compact electro-optic modulator is integrated on the endfaces of a single-mode optical fiber jumper for fast amplitude modulations. It utilizes ultrathin and high quality-factor plasmonic metasurfaces, nanofabrication-friendly and highly efficient EO polymers, and coupling-free connections with fiber networks. The modulator allows dual-band operations and high-speed modulations.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Optics
Mengyue Xu, Xinlun Cai
Summary: This review focuses on the design principles and structures for high-bandwidth electro-optic modulators, with an emphasis on potential candidate materials for ultra-wideband optical systems. By comparing the performance and limitations of different modulators, a future roadmap is proposed based on recent advances.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jin-Hong Seok, Uros Puc, Seung-Jun Kim, Woojin Yoon, Hoseop Yun, In Cheol Yu, Fabian Rotermund, Dongwook Kim, Mojca Jazbinsek, O-Pil Kwon
Summary: In this study, high-density organic electro-optic crystals were developed to efficiently generate THz waves in a broad range up to 15 THz, providing a more accessible option for ultra-broadband THz applications. The newly developed OHP-TFS crystals show significantly improved performance compared to traditional inorganic-based THz generators, offering potential for high-accuracy optical characterization in a wide THz range.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Optics
M. Lenz, A. Fisher, A. Ody, Y. Park, P. Musumeci
Summary: In this paper, the first electro-optic sampling (EOS) based measurements of broadband THz FEL radiation pulses are reported, providing insights into the complex dynamics in a waveguide FEL by varying the input electron beam energy.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhuang Li, Xiaotian Zhang, Zhenshan Zhai, Yangjian Cai, Xianyu Ao
Summary: A method is proposed to achieve narrow-linewidth resonance for electro-optic modulation by engineering quasibound states in a slab waveguide consisting of electro-optic polymer and metal gratings. The method allows for full resonance shift with minimal voltage and offers control over the radiation damping of the quasibound state by changing the relative position of the metal strips.
Article
Optics
Forrest Valdez, Viphretuo Mere, Shayan Mookherjea
Summary: This study demonstrates integrated hybrid thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) electro-optic Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZM) that utilize TFLN bonded to planarized silicon nitride waveguides. The design eliminates the need for TFLN etching or patterning. The MZM achieves a half-wave voltage length product (V pi L) of 0.8 V.cm at 784 nm. MZM devices with modulation lengths of 0.4 cm and 0.8 cm display a broadband electro-optic response, with a 3 dB bandwidth exceeding 100 GHz and a high extinction ratio exceeding 30 dB, showcasing record performance.
Article
Optics
Yasufumi Enami, Yuichi Yoshida
Summary: We present a significant improvement in the measurement accuracy of low-loss electro-optic (EO) polymers on sol-gel silica and indium tin oxide (ITO) substrates. By using a transmission method, we successfully reduce the dependence of measured EO coefficients on wavelength variance, enabling more accurate and reliable measurements.
Article
Optics
Feng Qiu, Yu Han
Summary: Electro-optic (EO) ring resonator modulators are versatile devices with applications in communication and scientific fields, especially those utilizing EO polymers with high EO coefficients and ultrafast response times. Research in this area focuses on the operation principles, modulation mechanisms, and improvement of EO modulation in ring modulators using EO polymers as the waveguide core. Additionally, advancements in EO polymers on silicon platforms, such as slot modulators and athermal modulators, are also reviewed.
CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Meitong Yu, Hongxiang Wang, Yuefeng Ji, Yu Zhang
Summary: A differential feedback electro-optical phase chaotic system is proposed for generating ultra-wideband optical chaos and achieving high-speed long-distance chaotic communication. The nonlinear dynamics of this system are studied in detail. Numerical results show that the system achieves high chaos complexity, improved security, and a maximum bandwidth of 46.75 GHz within the 50 GHz range. It also enables the reception of format-transparent messages and long-distance transmission of different modulation formats.
OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Asha Kumari, Sameer Dhawan, Hanuman Singh, V Haridas, Aloka Sinha
Summary: In this study, the stabilization of a nematic liquid crystal using chiral amino acid-based polymers is reported. The effect of molecular weight of structurally similar polymers on the physical parameters of polymer-stabilized liquid crystals (PSLCs) is investigated for the first time. By varying the molecular weight of the polymers, the size of the self-assembled network in the liquid crystal can be adjusted, thereby altering the dielectric, electrical, electro-optic, and optical properties. This method presents several possibilities for fabricating optoelectronic devices.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Jing Wang, Nina Xiong, Weiwen Zou
Summary: In this research, a novel EOM scheme on a heterogeneous platform of silicon-and erbium-doped lithium niobate (Si/Er:LN) is proposed. This design combines electro-optic modulation and optical amplification to achieve ultra-wideband modulation and compensate optical loss effectively. Theoretical analysis demonstrates a modulation bandwidth exceeding 170 GHz with a half-wave voltage of 3 V, and efficient propagation compensation of & SIM;4 dB at a wavelength of 1531 nm.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dennis W. Prather, Janusz A. Murakowski, Christopher Schuetz, Shouyuan Shi, Garrett J. Schneider, Charles Harrity, Zion D. Aranda, Dominic Marinucci, Amjed Hallak, Mathew Zablocki, Matthew Gallion, Samhit Dontamsetti, Brian J. Goodman, Jesse Semmel, Robert Lawrence
Summary: This article presents a class of phased-array systems that function as video-rate imagers in the millimeter-wave and sub-THz bands. These systems upconvert incident signals to the optical domain and produce real-time images on a short-wave infrared camera.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Crystallography
Kai Zhong, Fangjie Li, Hongzhan Qiao, Xianzhong Zhang, Degang Xu, Jianquan Yao
Summary: This study investigates a novel method to induce and modulate birefringence based on the linear electro-optic effect, aiming to achieve collinear phase-matched nonlinear optical frequency conversion in cubic crystals. The method shows great potential in extending terahertz frequency, enhancing conversion efficiency, and alleviating limitations on the pump wavelength.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael Maurer, Evan Gawron, Christopher Middlebrook
Summary: The study investigated the impact of temperature and voltage on the poling of the SEO100c waveguide device to maximize r(33) while ensuring high yield in manufacture. The nonlinear relationship between r(33) and poling field was identified, aiding in the selection of achievable poling voltages for desired r(33) values. Device thermal stability and possible relaxation of r(33) over time were also examined for deployable device applications.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Kyung Min Lee, Zachary M. Marsh, Ecklin P. Crenshaw, Urice N. Tohgha, Cedric P. Ambulo, Steven M. Wolf, Kyle J. Carothers, Hannah N. Limburg, Michael E. McConney, Nicholas P. Godman
Summary: Cholesteric liquid crystals (CLC) are molecules that self-assemble into helicoidal superstructures with circularly polarized reflection. The resulting optical properties make CLCs a promising technology for various industrial applications. Polymer-stabilized CLCs (PSCLCs), formed via photopolymerization, exhibit a dynamic optical response induced by external stimuli. This review discusses the electro-optic response and potential mechanism of PSCLCs, highlighting multiple identified responses and their potential applications.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qin Yao, Yue-Min Xie, Yingzhi Zhou, Qifan Xue, Xin Xu, Yujia Gao, Tianqi Niu, Linghao Chu, Zhisheng Zhou, Francis R. Lin, Alex K. -Y. Jen, Tingting Shi, Hin-Lap Yip, Yong Cao
Summary: This study uses an ionic liquid, methylammonium acetate (MAAc), and bathocuproine (BCP) to modify wide-bandgap perovskite sub-cells and small-bandgap organic solar cells. MAAc effectively heals the defects in the perovskite film, improving the energy conversion efficiency, while BCP acts as a space layer to prevent direct contact between ZnO and the organic bulk-heterojunction, mitigating efficiency loss. The integration of these modified sub-cells enables the fabrication of monolithic n-i-p structured tandem solar cells with a maximum PCE of 22.43%.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Danpeng Gao, Bo Li, Zhen Li, Xin Wu, Shoufeng Zhang, Dan Zhao, Xiaofen Jiang, Chunlei Zhang, Yan Wang, Zhenjiang Li, Nan Li, Shuang Xiao, Wallace C. H. Choy, Alex K. -Y. Jen, Shangfeng Yang, Zonglong Zhu
Summary: A highly efficient and stable flexible perovskite solar cell (PSC) is reported by modifying the interface between perovskite and hole transport layer using pentylammonium acetate (PenAAc) molecule. The PenAAc-modified PSC achieves a record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.68% and shows excellent stability under mechanical bending.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rui Sun, Tao Wang, Qunping Fan, Mingjian Wu, Xinrong Yang, Xiaohei Wu, Yue Yu, Xinxin Xia, Fengzhe Cui, Ji Wan, Xinhui Lu, Xiaotao Hao, Alex K. -Y. Jen, Erdmann Spiecker, Jie Min
Summary: While polymer/polymer blend systems still have lower power conversion efficiencies compared to small-molecule-acceptor-based systems, the use of a ternary blending strategy holds promise in achieving a desired nanoscale blend morphology to bridge the efficiency-stability gap in all-polymer solar cells. In this study, a narrow-band-gap chlorinated polymer acceptor (PY-2Cl) was incorporated into the PM6:PY-1S1Se host blend, resulting in extended absorption spectra, improved molecular packing, solidified blend microstructure, and reduced non-radiative recombination. The resulting ternary blend achieved a PCE of 18.2% (certified value 17.8%), the highest reported for all-PSCs. Furthermore, the ternary blend demonstrated lower Urbach energy and better operational stability compared to corresponding binary systems. This work paves the way for enhancing the development of high-performance all-polymer systems through molecular design and ternary strategies.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Baobing Fan, Wenkai Zhong, Wei Gao, Huiting Fu, Francis R. Lin, Reese W. -Y. Wong, Ming Liu, Chenhui Zhu, Cheng Wang, Hin-Lap Yip, Feng Liu, Alex K. -Y. Jen
Summary: Sequentially deposited organic solar cells (SD-OSCs) have received great attention due to their ability to achieve a more favorable morphology. However, the processing of SD-OSCs is challenging in preventing the penetration of small-molecule acceptors into the polymer donor layer. In this study, solid additives with varied electrostatic potential distributions and steric hinderance are introduced to investigate their effect on vertical component distribution.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Feng Qi, Yanxun Li, Rui Zhang, Francis R. R. Lin, Kaikai Liu, Qunping Fan, Alex K. -Y. Jen
Summary: Organic solar cells (OSCs) have made significant advancements with the development of new photovoltaic materials. However, their long-term stability remains a challenge. To address this, a dimer acceptor with a flexible linker was developed to stabilize the morphology of the active layer. The resulting device showed improved power conversion efficiency and excellent thermal stability, as well as maintaining high mechanical durability after repetitive bending.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Leyu Bi, Qiang Fu, Zixin Zeng, Yunfan Wang, Francis R. Lin, Yuanhang Cheng, Hin-Lap Yip, Sai Wing Tsang, Alex K. -Y. Jen
Summary: In this study, the roles of chloride-based additives and methylammonium-based additives in inverted FAPbI3-based perovskite solar cells were systematically investigated. It was found that these additives have different effects on the crystallization and phase transition of FAPbI3. By optimizing the amount of MACl, the highest efficiency of inverted FAPbI3-based perovskite solar cells was achieved.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Baobing Fan, Wei Gao, Rui Zhang, Werner Kaminsky, Francis R. Lin, Xinxin Xia, Qunping Fan, Yanxun Li, Yidan An, Yue Wu, Ming Liu, Xinhui Lu, Wen Jung Li, Hin-Lap Yip, Feng Gao, Alex K. -Y. Jen
Summary: Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have made significant progress recently, thanks to the use of well-designed non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) with conjugated side-groups. Researchers have developed a new class of NFAs with localisomerized conjugated side-groups and studied their impact on device performance and stability. A device based on one of the isomers achieved an impressive efficiency of 18.5% and exhibited excellent photo- and thermal stability. A similar approach was applied to another polymer donor, resulting in an even higher efficiency of 18.8%. This work highlights the effectiveness of local isomerization in enhancing the photovoltaic performance and stability of OPVs based on fused ring NFAs.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Fengzhu Li, Xiang Deng, Zhangsheng Shi, Shengfan Wu, Zixin Zeng, Deng Wang, Yang Li, Feng Qi, Zhuomin Zhang, Zhengbao Yang, Sei-Hum Jang, Francis R. Lin, Sai-Wing Tsang, Xian-Kai Chen, Alex K. -Y. Jen
Summary: A multifunctional additive is used to modulate the kinetics of perovskite film growth, resulting in improved film quality and enhanced performance of perovskite solar cells. The additive enables the formation of large perovskite grains and coherent grain growth, which reduces non-radiative recombinations and boosts power conversion efficiency. The unencapsulated devices also exhibit improved thermal stability.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Manjun Xiao, Longfei Liu, Yongdie Meng, Baobing Fan, Wenyan Su, Conggui Jin, Luocheng Liao, Fan Yi, Chao Xu, Rui Zhang, Alex K. -Y. Jen, Wei Ma, Qunping Fan
Summary: Additives are important for enhancing the performance of polymer solar cells (PSCs). However, typical additives used for optimizing blend morphology are high boiling-point solvents, which may reduce device stability due to their trace residues. In this study, a solidification of solvent additive (SSA) strategy was developed to convert the liquid additive to a solid form, resulting in optimized morphology, improved efficiency, and device stability.
SCIENCE CHINA-CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shengfan Wu, Jie Zhang, Minchao Qin, Fengzhu Li, Xiang Deng, Xinhui Lu, Wen-Jung Li, Alex K. -Y. Jen
Summary: By incorporating a cross-linkable organic ligand into the perovskite precursor solution, the facet orientation of polycrystalline perovskite films can be controlled, leading to enhanced performance of perovskite-based devices. The resulting low-dimensional perovskites (LDPs) can passivate defects and improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), with power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of 24.12% (rigid) and 23.23% (flexible). Furthermore, the ligand enables the derived LDPs to be crosslinked, enhancing the mechanical bending durability of flexible devices.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaofen Jiang, Xue Wang, Xin Wu, Shoufeng Zhang, Baoze Liu, Dong Zhang, Bo Li, Peng Xiao, Fang Xu, Haipeng Lu, Tao Chen, Alex K. -Y. Jen, Shangfeng Yang, Zonglong Zhu
Summary: This work reports a facile and effective strategy to stabilize alpha-FAPbI(3) perovskite in inverted perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) by regulating the residual strain through the incorporation of pseudo halide-based ionic liquids. The addition of methylamine formate (MAFa) ionic liquid enables the maintenance of a homogeneously stronger compressive strain, resulting in a record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.08% among reported inverted FAPbI(3) perovskite solar cells and enhanced device stability.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shuang-Qiao Sun, Xiuwen Xu, Qi Sun, Qin Yao, Yating Cai, Xin-Yi Li, Yan-Lin Xu, Wei He, Min Zhu, Xuan Lv, Francis R. Lin, Alex K. -Y. Jen, Tingting Shi, Hin-Lap Yip, Man-Keung Fung, Yue-Min Xie
Summary: This study develops a dual-interface engineering approach to improve the performance of all-inorganic wide-bandgap CsPbI2Br-based front sub-cells in perovskite/organic tandem solar cells (POTSCs). By mitigating the defects and carrier recombination induced by interface defects and perovskite grain boundaries, the CsPbI2Br-based front sub-cells achieve a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.0% and open-circuit voltage (V-OC) of 1.347 V. Furthermore, by integrating these dual-interface engineered front sub-cells with narrow-bandgap PM6:CH1007-based rear sub-cells, a record PCE of 23.21% is obtained for the POTSCs.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Gang Lu, Cien Chen, Zhaoyue Wang, Xuelian Wu, Xin Huang, Jingdong Luo, Xun-Li Wang, Ming-Liang He, Xi Yao
Summary: Researchers have developed supramolecular adhesives with mechanical integrity and robust interfacial adhesion, which can incorporate bioactive oil to regulate nanosized crystalline domains and enhance structural and mechanical stability. The resultant organogel coatings demonstrate rapid healing, robust adhesion, and antimicrobial and antiviral properties, showing potential applications in soft robotics, tissue engineering, and biomedical devices.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Weilong Chen, Taili Liu, Jie Zou, Di Zhang, Man Kit Tse, Sai-Wing Tsang, Jingdong Luo, Alex K-Y. Jen
Summary: This study reports a series of heptamethines based on the tricyanofuran acceptor and indoline or benzo[e]indoline donors. These dipolar chromophores can attain a highly delocalized cyanine-like electronic ground state, even closer to the ideal polymethine state than symmetrical cyanines. A transmission-mode electromodulation spectroscopy is used to demonstrate a large and thermally stable quadratic electro-optic effect with high efficiency-loss figure-of-merits. The study opens a path for developing organic materials for fast, efficient, and low-loss electro-optic modulation.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qunping Fan, Ruijie Ma, Wenyan Su, Qinglian Zhu, Zhenghui Luo, Kai Chen, Yabing Tang, Francis R. Lin, Yuxiang Li, He Yan, Chuluo Yang, Alex K-Y Jen, Wei Ma
Summary: In this study, a series of chlorinated PSMAs with high molecular weight, favorable intermolecular interaction, and improved physicochemical properties were developed by adjusting chlorinated positions and copolymerized sites on end groups. The optimized blend morphology and high molecular weight of the chlorinated PSMA resulted in increased ductility and improved power conversion efficiency in all-polymer solar cells.
