Article
Cell Biology
Alexander M. Wolf
Summary: Understanding the molecular mechanisms of normal aging is crucial for improving human health span. Caloric restriction delays aging, but its benefits depend on the weight status of control mice. Pharmacological interventions that increase lifespan and reduce body weight may not be suitable for healthy weight individuals.
MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Volha Mezhnina, Oghogho P. Ebeigbe, Nikkhil Velingkaar, Allan Poe, Yana Sandlers, Roman V. Kondratov
Summary: The study reveals that caloric restriction and time-restricted feeding can induce rhythmic production of ketone bodies in the blood, which is regulated by PPARα and FGF21 and involves the circadian clock.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chanisa Thonusin, Patcharapong Pantiya, Aphisek Kongkaew, Wichwara Nawara, Busarin Arunsak, Sirawit Sriwichaiin, Nipon Chattipakorn, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
Summary: Exercise and caloric restriction have different effects on skeletal muscle metabolism during aging. Exercise is more effective in improving fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation, while caloric restriction reduces oxidative stress in skeletal muscle.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Libia Alejandra Garcia-Flores, Cara L. Green, Sharon E. Mitchell, Daniel E. L. Promislow, David Lusseau, Alex Douglas, John R. Speakman
Summary: Caloric restriction affects the metabolome in a tissue-specific manner, with only a small number of common metabolic features responding in the same way across all tissues. The top modulated pathways were related to biosynthesis and degradation processes, suggesting each tissue has its own unique way of coping with reduced energy intake, supporting the clean cupboards hypothesis over the disposable soma interpretation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emiliana Giacomello, Luana Toniolo
Summary: Aging is a biological process influenced by multiple cellular mechanisms leading to functional decline. The growth of the elderly population and their susceptibility to diseases drive the search for anti-aging interventions, with calorie restriction identified as an effective approach.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tamara Dakic, Tanja Jevdjovic, Predrag Vujovic, Aleksandra Mladenovic
Summary: This review summarizes the current literature on caloric restriction as a potential life-prolonging intervention in humans, and discusses the metabolic pathways underlying this effect.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arwen W. Gao, Gaby El Alam, Amelia Lalou, Terytty Yang Li, Marte Molenaars, Yunyun Zhu, Katherine A. Overmyer, Evgenia Shishkova, Kevin Hof, Maroun Bou Sleiman, Riekelt H. Houtkooper, Joshua J. Coon, Johan Auwerx
Summary: The mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) is a potential pharmacological target for aging and age-related diseases. Through an integrative analysis of omics datasets, researchers found that activation of UPRmt through doxycycline (Dox) prolonged the lifespan of genetically divergent worm strains. The study revealed shared and strain-specific mechanisms of the beneficial effects of Dox-induced UPRmt on lifespan, involving impacts on mitochondria, defense response, and lipid metabolism.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elite Possik, Clemence Schmitt, Anfal Al-Mass, Ying Bai, Laurence Cote, Johanne Morin, Heidi Erb, Abel Oppong, Wahab Kahloan, J. Alex Parker, S. R. Murthy Madiraju, Marc Prentki
Summary: The technique of gastric conduit transposition simplifies the daily practice of esophagectomy. Gastric conduit transposition is a reproducible technique that simplifies esophagectomy in all settings.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei Xu, Yi Luo, Jiaxin Yin, Mengzhen Huang, Feijun Luo
Summary: Aging is accompanied by a decline in physiological functions and an increased risk of age-related diseases. AMPK plays a crucial role in regulating energy and cellular processes, and nutritional interventions targeting AMPK can delay aging and prevent age-related diseases. Polyphenols, found in human diets, function as important anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents and can regulate cellular processes associated with aging through AMPK signaling. Therefore, targeting AMPK signaling pathway with dietary polyphenols may serve as a novel anti-aging strategy.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shaunak Deota, Satchidananda Panda
Summary: By combining calorie restriction, fasting, and regulating circadian rhythms, mice can achieve a long and healthy life.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pieter de Lange, Assunta Lombardi, Elena Silvestri, Federica Cioffi, Antonia Giacco, Stefania Iervolino, Giuseppe Petito, Rosalba Senese, Antonia Lanni, Maria Moreno
Summary: The adipose organ plays a crucial role in metabolic functions and its aging process leads to metabolic disorders, impacting healthy aging. Cellular senescence in adipose tissue affects adipogenesis, inflammation, and adipocytokine production, leading to systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and declined physiological features. Aging fat depots involve various cell types, highlighting their contribution to metabolic disorders. Targeting mitochondria may hold potential in managing adipose tissue senescence and treating age-related metabolic disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Erwan Eriau, Juliette Paillet, Guido Kroemer, Jonathan G. Pol
Summary: Reduced food intake and caloric restriction mimetics have been shown to increase healthy lifespan, reduce cancer incidence, and enhance responses to certain cancer treatments. These effects are mediated by cellular mechanisms and vary between cancer cells and healthy cells due to differences in metabolic requirements. Additionally, both reduced food intake and caloric restriction mimetics can induce autophagy, improving the efficacy of certain cancer treatments that induce immunogenic cell death and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of chemo-immunotherapies.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Felipe Sierra, Ronald A. Kohanski
Summary: The development of geroscience has marked a significant milestone in aging research, emphasizing the importance of aging biology in chronic diseases affecting the elderly. It has sparked increased interest in aging biology within the biomedical scientific community.
COLD SPRING HARBOR PERSPECTIVES IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Patrick Schaedel, Mareike Wichmann-Costaganna, Anna Czapka, Nadja Gebert, Alessandro Ori, Oliver Werz
Summary: Aging is accompanied by changes in the inflammatory microenvironment, which are tightly regulated by a complex network of inflammatory mediators. Excessive calorie consumption contributes to age-related diseases, while limited nutrient availability may lead to systemic health-promoting adaptations. Short-term caloric restriction (CR) has geroprotective effects on the liver of aged mice, altering the release of immunomodulatory mediators and shifting the production of lipid mediators towards those with inflammation-resolving features.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elite Possik, Laura-Lee Klein, Perla Sanjab, Ruyuan Zhu, Laurence Cote, Ying Bai, Dongwei Zhang, Howard Sun, Anfal Al-Mass, Abel Oppong, Rasheed Ahmad, Alex Parker, S. R. Murthy Madiraju, Fahd Al-Mulla, Marc Prentki
Summary: Excess nutrients can accelerate aging, but the newly discovered enzyme G3PP can counter metabolic stress and promote healthy aging in C. elegans. Overexpression of the C. elegans G3PP homolog, PGPH-2, decreases fat levels and mimics the effects of calorie restriction, particularly in glucotoxicity conditions, without reducing food intake. This overexpression depletes glycogen stores and activates AMPK, HLH-30, and autophagy, promoting healthy aging.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)