Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cong Zhao, He Zhao, Chun-Cheng Zhang, Xiao-Hui Yang, Kang Chen, Yang Xue, Qian Li, Shu-Ying Deng, Hui-Zhen Cai
Summary: Several studies have shown the effectiveness of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) in treating type 2 diabetes. However, the exact mechanism of how LBP alleviates diabetes through GLP1 has not been adequately elucidated.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shiau Chin Chong, Norlela Sukor, Sarah Anne Robert, Kim Fong Ng, Nor Azmi Kamaruddin
Summary: This study aimed to resolve conflicting findings about GLP-1 levels in different glucose tolerance states among Malay, Chinese, and Indian ethnicities. The results showed that GLP-1 levels were higher in T2DM and pre-DM compared to NGT, suggesting a possible adaptive compensatory response. Among the three ethnic groups, Indians had the highest levels of GLP-1 and insulin resistance, supporting the notion of an adaptive compensatory secretion of GLP-1.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Syed Faizan Mehdi, Suma Pusapati, Muhammad Saad Anwar, Durga Lohana, Parkash Kumar, Savitri Aninditha Nandula, Fatima Kausar Nawaz, Kevin Tracey, Huan Yang, Derek LeRoith, Michael J. Brownstein, Jesse Roth
Summary: Inflammation is involved in many chronic conditions and stimulates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune cells. GLP-1 levels are associated with disease severity and can serve as markers of inflammation. Previous studies have investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of oxytocin, hCG, ghrelin, alpha-MSH and ACTH, while the anti-inflammatory effects of GLP-1 have only recently been recognized. GLP-1 has been shown to be beneficial in treating type-2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and hyperglycemia by reducing inflammation and cell death.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Katherine O. Kopp, Elliot J. Glotfelty, Yazhou Li, Nigel H. Greig
Summary: Chronic neuroinflammation is a key feature of neurodegenerative diseases, and targeting this inflammation has not been effectively utilized in clinical treatments. The risk of inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases is associated with type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance, suggesting that alleviating diabetes pathology may help treat neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. GLP-1 is a hormone that promotes healthy insulin signaling and has shown anti-inflammatory, neurotrophic, and neuroprotective properties in preclinical neurodegenerative disease models.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Li Qiang, Yang Qimeng, Han Jing, Liu Xiaohan, Fu Junjie, Yin Jian
Summary: Peptide dual agonists that target both GLP-1R and GCGR receptors have emerged as potential therapeutics for treating type 2 diabetes with obesity. O-GlcNAcylation was shown to improve the stability of a dual GLP-1R/GCGR agonist, leading to significant weight loss and hypoglycemic effects.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF NATURAL MEDICINES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Neng Jiang, Lin Jing, Qing Li, Sibiao Su, Qimeng Yang, Feng Zhou, Xinyu Chen, Jing Han, Chunli Tang, Weizhong Tang
Summary: Dual activation of the glucagon receptor (GCGR) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) can potentially lead to effective therapy for diabetes and obesity. Novel peptides with dual activity on GLP-1R and GCGR were discovered through rational design, with xGLP/GCG-15 showing promising anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects in preclinical studies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masoud Nouri-Vaskeh, Neda Khalili, Amirreza Khalaji, Pouya Behnam, Leila Alizadeh, Sara Ebrahimi, Neda Gilani, Mehdi Mohammadi, Seyed Alisalar Madinehzadeh, Mohammad Zarei
Summary: This study found that circulating levels of GLP-1 were lower in patients with liver cirrhosis compared to healthy controls, and were associated with the severity of liver disease.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Dihe Cheng, Shuo Yang, Xue Zhao, Guixia Wang
Summary: This article reviews the molecular mechanisms and potential effects of GLP-1 RA in neurodegenerative diseases, particularly diabetes-related Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Songfeng Zhao, Zhiming Yan, Yue Du, Zeyun Li, Chunli Tang, Lin Jing, Lidan Sun, Qimeng Yang, Xueling Tang, Yongliang Yuan, Jing Han, Neng Jiang
Summary: This study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of dual agonists targeting GLP-1/glucagon and GLP-1/CCK2 receptors in the treatment of obesity and diabetes. The newly developed peptide, xGLP-1/GCG/gastrin, showed significant anti-diabetes and anti-obesity effects in both in vitro and in vivo experiments.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ryan J. Jalleh, Karen L. Jones, Christopher K. Rayner, Chinmay S. Marathe, Tongzhi Wu, Michael Horowitz
Summary: Gastric emptying plays a significant role in postprandial blood glucose levels and is frequently disordered in individuals with diabetes. Delayed gastric emptying may be linked to upper gastrointestinal symptoms and can cause a mismatch between insulin action and carbohydrate absorption, leading to suboptimal glycemic control.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Anand-Krishna Singh, Dhananjay Yadav, Neha Sharma, Jun-O Jin
Summary: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by high blood sugar levels, and therapeutic approaches include improving insulin sensitivity and using DPP-IV inhibitors. These inhibitors improve hyperglycemia by stabilizing gut hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptides.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mika Hatada, Ellie Wilson, Mukund Khanwalker, David Probst, Junko Okuda-Shimazaki, Koji Sode
Summary: Diabetes is a rapidly growing global health emergency, and comprehensive management is necessary for patients. Therefore, the development of diabetes POCT sensors for real-time testing is important for the management of diabetic patients.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Baptist Gallwitz
Summary: Incretin-based therapies, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, have been established in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The development of novel dual- or triple-receptor agonists aims to target multiple metabolic pathways simultaneously. Tirzepatide, a dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist, has shown promising effects in reducing glycemic parameters and body weight. This article provides an overview of the current clinical study program and highlights the potential indications for tirzepatide in the treatment of obesity and comorbidities of type 2 diabetes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
David M. Williams, Michael Atkinson, Marc Evans
Summary: Stroke is a common and serious complication in people with type 2 diabetes. It is important to understand the underlying mechanisms and explore potential treatments to reduce the risk and improve outcomes for these patients.
Article
Orthopedics
Yanzhen Cheng, Peng Liu, Qianru Xiang, Jiamin Liang, Huafeng Chen, Hua Zhang, Li Yang
Summary: GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide can have a beneficial effect on bone in diabetes by ameliorating the accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). It prevents deterioration of trabecular microarchitecture and enhances bone strength. In vitro experiments also show that GLP-1 attenuates AGEs-mediated damage in osteogenic proliferation and differentiation.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2022)