Article
Ecology
Dejan Stojanovic
Summary: Captive breeding and release to the wild is important for conservation, but it can result in phenotypic changes that incur fitness costs. This study demonstrates the surprising plasticity of bird wing phenotypes in captivity and the impact on post-release survival. Subtle phenotypic changes and their fitness impacts are more common than realized and require monitoring and mitigation strategies for improved captive breeding.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Victor Franzone, Gabriela de Araujo Porto Ramos, Larissa Kelmer de Lima Kascher, Cristiano Schetini de Azevedo, Aline Cristina Sant'Anna
Summary: The study assessed the flight capacity and aversion to humans in captive parrots, finding that parrots with a neophiliac temperament showed less aversion to humans, while risk-averse parrots had better flight capacity. Training procedures were effective in improving flight capacity and increasing aversion to humans in parrots.
APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jennifer C. Pierson, Laurence Berry, Lauren Alexander, Jennifer Anson, Michelle Birkett, Leah Kemp, Bruce A. Pascoe, Katherine A. Farquharson, Carolyn J. Hogg
Summary: The application of genetic data to conservation management programs can be hindered by the mismatch in timelines for management decisions and the acquisition of genetic data, particularly genomic sequence data that may require outsourcing. Genetic principles can provide general guidelines for actions when data are absent, but fine-tuning actions through adaptive management using genetic data can be more effective. In the case of establishing a metapopulation of the red-tailed phascogale, genetic data from captive breeding programs were used to guide the allocation of founders to new populations, allowing for diversity within and among the sites.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Masanori Nakae, Koh Hasegawa, Kouta Miyamoto
Summary: Captive-bred animals may show reduced performance in natural environments due to adaptation to artificial rearing environments. The study found that captive-bred masu salmon had a lower number of neuromasts in their lateral line system compared to wild-caught and F1 fish, indicating a reduction in the system due to domestication. The lower number of neuromasts could be one of the reasons behind the lower survival of captive-bred fish in natural environments.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Kiarrah J. Smith, Maldwyn J. Evans, Iain J. Gordon, Jennifer C. Pierson, Jenny Newport, Adrian D. Manning
Summary: Captive breeding is commonly used to reintroduce locally extinct species, and data analysis from these breeding programs can be used to increase release quantity and rate, as well as improve genetic and phenotypic quality of individuals. This study analyzed data from a captive breeding program for the threatened pookila, finding predictors for reproductive output. Based on the results, specific design elements were recommended to maximize postrelease reproduction and reintroduction success. The integration of knowledge from captive breeding with decision-making can help address uncertainties and benefit species conservation globally.
JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Ralph W. Tingley, Dana M. Infante, Emily M. Dean, Douglas W. Schemske, Arthur R. Cooper, Jared A. Ross, Wesley Daniel
Summary: Habitat degradation and climate change pose a greater threat to the survival of stream fishes. Reestablishment efforts and translocation to suitable areas can be effective conservation strategies. However, the lack of historical species data limits the effectiveness of reestablishments. This study presents a method that ranks stream habitat for species reestablishment using available information.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
M. R. Whitehead, J. L. Silcock, C. L. Simmons, L. Monks, R. Dillon, N. Reiter, M. Jusaitis, D. J. Coates, M. Byrne, P. A. Vesk
Summary: A chief tool in plant conservation is the establishment of threatened plant populations by translocating individuals grown ex-situ. Various techniques to enhance translocation performance have become established as standard, including the number of propagules planted, fencing to protect from herbivores, and stimulating recruitment. Factors influencing recruitment were uncertain, but burning and watering increased its likelihood. Translocations in grassland habitats and of perennial grasses performed worse compared to other habitats and lifeforms. Our study supports the effectiveness of a limited number of management interventions and emphasizes the need for more experimental data to improve our understanding of factors influencing success in plant translocations.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Selene S. C. Nogueira, Sergio L. G. Nogueira-Filho, Jose M. B. Duarte, Michael Mendl
Summary: The paca is highly sought-after game meat in the Neotropical region, facing high hunting pressure and poor welfare; however, its resilience to over-hunting may be attributed to individual behavioral characteristics. Through temperament tests and observation of behavioral responses, it was found that pacas with restless temperament exhibited more abnormal behavior and less exploratory behavior in challenging situations, indicating a flexible and successful defensive behavioral response in the face of threats.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katherine A. Farquharson, Carolyn J. Hogg, Catherine E. Grueber
Summary: This study analyzed pedigree data from 15 long-running vertebrate breeding programs and found generational fitness changes that cannot be explained by known processes such as inbreeding depression.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Guangping Huang, Dunwu Qi, Zhisong Yang, Rong Hou, Wenyu Shi, Fangqing Zhao, Zitian Li, Li Yan, Fuwen Wei
Summary: In this study, intensive metagenomic monitoring of the gut symbionts of captive giant pandas reintroduced to the wild was performed to examine the possibility of using gut symbionts as indicators of reintroduction success. The results showed that the composition of gut microbiome is closely related to the reintroduction process and can be used as an indicator of successful adaptation to the wild environment.
CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Juergen Geist, Frankie Thielen, Louise Lavictoire, Rebecca Hoess, Reinhard Altmueller, Magalie Baudrimont, Christine Blaize, Miquel Campos, Paul Carroll, Daniel Daill, Wolfgang Degelmann, Rainer Dettmer, Marco Denic, Pierrick Dury, Elvira de Eyto, Felix Grunicke, Clemens Gumpinger, Per J. Jakobsen, Katrin Kaldma, Kunnar Klaas, Alexia Legeay, Jon Hamner Mageroy, Evelyn A. Moorkens, Gregory Motte, Keiko Nakamura, Paz Ondina, Martin Oesterling, Christian Pichler-Scheder, Ondrej Spisar, Joaquim Reis, Lea D. Schneider, Arno Schwarzer, Heidi Selheim, Joaquin Soler, Jouni Taskinen, John Taylor, Ben Strachan, Niklas Wengstroem, Tadeusz Zajac
Summary: This article reviews the current state of captive breeding and rearing programmes for freshwater mussels in Europe. It discusses the various species, strategies, and techniques of propagation, as well as the challenges and key factors of success. The breeding efforts range from intensive laboratory incubation to in-river mussel cages or silos. Limited long-term funding, availability of experienced staff, water quality, and early life survival are identified as the most important challenges.
AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Wei Zhu, Chunlin Zhao, Jianyi Feng, Jiang Chang, Wenbo Zhu, Liming Chang, Jiongyu Liu, Feng Xie, Cheng Li, Jianping Jiang, Tian Zhao
Summary: In this study, the effects of adding river sediments to the artificial habitats of Chinese giant salamander larvae were investigated. The presence of sediments changed the composition of oral microbiota and promoted proteolysis and immune gene transcription in the skin. The pathogen defense of captive-bred individuals was improved after treatment.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Cristiano Schetini de Azevedo, Robert John Young
Summary: Studying animal personality is crucial for animal conservation efforts, as it helps in selecting the most suitable individuals for release into the wild and increases the success rate of translocations. By evaluating personality characteristics such as birthplace, parental behavior, stress resilience, and risk assessment, researchers can choose the most appropriate individuals for release.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Rachel L. White, Lizzie P. Jones, Lucy Groves, Michael A. Hudson, Rosalind J. Kennerley, Sarah L. Crowley
Summary: Species reintroductions are widely used for conservation purposes, however, there is limited research and policy attention to socio-cultural drivers. Taking the case of white stork reintroduction in England, the study found that while most people had neutral or uncertain attitudes, the majority supported the reintroduction due to perceived socio-cultural benefits, biodiversity enrichment, and moral reasons.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Cassandra M. Miller-Butterworth, Duane R. Diefenbach, Jessie E. Edson, Leslie A. Hansen, James D. Jordan, Tess M. Gingery, Amy L. Russell
Summary: Among felids worldwide, only 6 out of 38 species have stable or increasing populations, with most felid species threatened by anthropogenic influences. A study comparing bobcat populations on Cumberland Island and Kiawah Island in the USA found that a reintroduced population experienced a decline in genetic diversity, leading to increased risk of extinction. Population viability analysis suggested that translocations could help stabilize genetic diversity and reduce extinction risk in the long term.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
E. Barnes, M. J. Farnworth
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mohammad A. Bahry, Vishwajit S. Chowdhury, Hui Yang, Phuong V. Tran, Phong H. Do, Guofeng Han, Hiromi Ikeda, John F. Cockrem, Mitsuhiro Furuse
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mark J. Farnworth, Rowena M. A. Packer, Lorena Sordo, Ruoning Chen, Sarah M. A. Caney, Danielle A. Gunn-Moore
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lauren R. Finka, Joanna Ward, Mark J. Farnworth, Daniel S. Mills
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rowena M. A. Packer, Dan G. O'Neill, Francesca Fletcher, Mark J. Farnworth
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Liran Plitman, Petra Cerna, Mark J. Farnworth, Rowena M. A. Packer, Danielle A. Gunn-Moore
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Naomi D. Harvey, James A. Oxley, Giuliana Miguel-Pacheco, Emma M. Gosling, Mark Farnworth
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rowena M. A. Packer, Dan G. O'Neill, Francesca Fletcher, Mark J. Farnworth
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Rachel Foreman-Worsley, Lauren R. Finka, Samantha J. Ward, Mark J. Farnworth
Summary: This study found that certain owner and cat features are associated with whether cats have an indoor-only or indoor-outdoor lifestyle. Road traffic accidents were the major concern for owners of indoor-only cats, while outdoor access was predominantly provided for the mental wellbeing of cats.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jodie Perrett, Imogen Thea Harris, Christy Maddock, Mark Farnworth, Alison Z. Pyatt, Rebecca Nicole Sumner
Summary: This study systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed the progressive motility (PM) of stallion ejaculate, finding that the PM of horses has remained relatively stable over the past three decades. However, variations in methodology, geographical location, and breed differences can significantly influence stallion fertility potential.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Holly Boardman, Mark James Farnworth
Summary: This study aims to investigate how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the social behavior of adult dogs from the perspective of their owners. The results show that the lockdown period was seen as a positive experience for most households, but many dogs faced difficulties and exhibited overexcitement or fear-related behaviors after the restrictions were lifted. The study also found that owners noticed changes in their dogs' behavior, including an increase in fear-related and aggressive behaviors. Proper management of these behaviors is crucial to ensure the safety of both humans and animals and prevent owners from struggling with problem behaviors, which could ultimately impact the welfare of the dogs. This highlights the importance of providing reliable information and behavioral support to dog owners.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Louise B. Firth, Mark Farnworth, Keiron P. P. Fraser, Abigail McQuatters-Gollop
Summary: In the marine environment, natural reef habitats are threatened by human activities. Reef-based ecotourism can benefit local economies, but it can also damage sensitive habitats. One solution is the use of artificial reefs near popular dive sites. A survey of recreational divers showed that most prefer natural habitats due to biodiversity, but few recognize the importance of artificial reefs in diverting pressure from sensitive natural habitats.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
J. B. Thomas, N. J. Adams, M. J. Farnworth
Article
Veterinary Sciences
S. K. Sahu, J. F. Cockrem, T. J. Parkinson, R. A. Laven
AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2017)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
R. M. A. Packer, D. Murphy, M. J. Farnworth