Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Dong Zhang, Shu Harn Te, Yiliang He, Karina Yew-Hoong Gin
Summary: This study examined the abundance of four ecologically relevant novel cyanophages in a tropical urban lake in Singapore. The results showed that host cell fraction cyanophages were more abundant than free cyanophage particles, indicating high levels of infection and rapid dispersal. The study also revealed that pH and rainfall may be key factors driving shifts in both cyanophage and cyanobacteria populations.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jesslyn Tjendra, Julia E. Storesund, Hakon Dahle, Ruth-Anne Sandaa, Selina Vage
Summary: Antagonistic interactions between the marine cyanobacteria Synechococcus and its viral pathogens, cyanophages, drive the continual selection and counter-defense mechanisms. Through a 500-day infection experiment, it was found that early in the experiment, there were strongly selected and repeatable genomic changes in the viral populations, primarily affecting genes encoding virion structures. However, later mutations exhibited a larger range of frequencies and lacked repeatability, indicating some degree of divergence in the evolutionary trajectory of the phages.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Shu Xu, S. K. Frey, A. R. Erler, O. Khader, S. J. Berg, H. T. Hwang, M. Callaghan, J. H. Davison, E. A. Sudicky
Summary: Modeling groundwater-surface water interactions at large river basin scales presents a challenging task. The study demonstrates that the Great Lakes primarily act as groundwater receivers, gaining substantial amounts of water directly from the basin's groundwater system.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Robert W. Sterner
Summary: The Laurentian Great Lakes are complex systems with diverse biogeochemical processes, but our understanding of them is still incomplete. These lakes play a crucial role in supporting millions of people and driving trillions of dollars of economic activity, with biogeochemical changes impacting their functioning.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES, VOL 49, 2021
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Oleksandr Huziy, Bernardo Teufel, Laxmi Sushama, Ram Yerubandi
Summary: The study predicts a decrease in both frequency and intensity of lake-effect snow (HLES) events in the future climate, primarily due to warmer temperatures leading to more liquid precipitation and reduced cold air outbreaks. Additionally, the reduced lake ice cover and weaker impact of lake ice fraction in future climates contribute to the decline in HLES.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lizaan de Necker, Luc Brendonck, Johan van Vuren, Victor Wepener, Nico J. Smit
Summary: This study conducted field investigations in Lake Nyamithi, South Africa, and found that drought and increased salinity significantly reduced the taxon richness of aquatic invertebrates, but the lake demonstrated clear ecological resilience and recovery after receiving water sources.
Article
Microbiology
Abdolrazagh Hashemi Shahraki, Subba Rao Chaganti, Daniel Heath
Summary: Spatial variation of BCC was observed between lakes Erie and St. Clair, as well as among sampling locations. Five distinct temporal clusters were identified, corresponding to seasonal variation over the 15-month sampling period. Significant differences in taxonomic composition were found between summer months of 2016 and 2017.
Article
Biology
Audrey A. Burnim, Matthew A. Spence, Da Xu, Colin J. Jackson, Nozomi Ando
Summary: Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) are essential enzymes used by all free-living organisms and viruses for DNA precursor synthesis. Researchers identified a novel and distinct clade in the RNR family through structural alignment and phylogenetic analysis, and reported the most minimal RNR architecture to-date. The findings provide insights into the evolution of the RNR family and serve as a roadmap for future targeted studies.
Article
Parasitology
Clara L. Shaw, Rebecca Bilich, Bruce O'Brien, Carla E. Caceres, Spencer R. Hall, Timothy Y. James, Meghan A. Duffy
Summary: Genetic variation in the parasite Metschnikowia bicuspidata is associated with specific host species and regions, with different genotypes infecting different hosts. Spore size variation may play a role in cross-species transmission patterns. Future studies on spore size variation could help explain infection patterns and genotypic diversity maintenance in this ecologically important system.
Article
Geography, Physical
W. Geoffrey Spaulding, Douglas B. Sims, Korey T. Harvey
Summary: This study investigates the existence of paleolakes in the isolated watersheds of the Mojave Desert, confirming their presence and the active nature of basin margins. The research shows that evidence of past high-lake stands is often buried but preserved by geomorphic processes, and suggests that the basin margin is where evidence of pluvial lakes should be sought. Some Holocene paleolakes in the Ivanpah basin seem to have persisted for decades to centuries.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tej Heer, Mathew G. Wells, Nicholas E. Mandrak
Summary: The hatching success of Asian carps in tributaries is influenced by temperature and flow, with higher success rates in scenarios with warmer water temperatures and moderate flow. The use of hydrodynamic modeling can help predict hatching success and guide preventative efforts.
JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Ecology
Balwant Rawat, Janhvi M. Rawat, Sumit Purohit, Gajendra Singh, Pradeep Kumar Sharma, Anup Chandra, J. P. Shabaaz Begum, Divya Venugopal, Mariusz Jaremko, Kamal A. Qureshi
Summary: Himalayan brown oak is a keystone species in the mountain forests, providing economic and ecological benefits. However, it has been overexploited and suffers from poor regeneration. Understanding its distribution, regeneration pattern, and human threats is crucial for conservation efforts.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kara J. Andres, David M. Lodge, Jose Andres
Summary: Environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling is a powerful and efficient approach for collecting information about species, and it may also provide information about population-level genetic variability. In this study, the researchers used eDNA sampling to estimate the genetic diversity and structure of an invasive fish species in the Great Lakes region. The study found that the genetic patterns observed from eDNA analysis were consistent with conventional tissue-based estimates. This research highlights the potential for eDNA sampling to reveal detailed population characteristics that can inform monitoring and management plans for difficult-to-sample species.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
R. M. Doyle, Z. Liu, J. T. Walker, R. Hladyniuk, K. A. Moser, F. J. Longstaffe
Summary: The Laurentian Great Lakes region contains a significant portion of the world's freshwater, but faces threats to water quantity and quality due to climate warming. Research reveals that the changes in water quantity and quality are influenced by environmental factors and human activities.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Michael Notaro, Jenna Jorns, Laura Briley
Summary: This study evaluates the capability of high-resolution global climate models to simulate lake-atmosphere interactions and lake-effect snowfall in the Great Lakes region, and finds that the current models inadequately represent lake temperatures and ice cover. This leads to insufficient annual snowfall in the lake-effect zones. The study suggests that more advanced, three-dimensional lake models need to be coupled with climate models to improve the credibility of regional lake and climate simulations and future climate projections.
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Eric R. Gann, Alexander R. Truchon, Spiridon E. Papoulis, Sonya T. Dyhrman, Christopher J. Gobler, Steven W. Wilhelm
Summary: The pelagophyte Aureococcus anophagefferens causes harmful brown tide blooms in marine embayments on three continents. By sequencing genomes and analyzing metatranscriptomes, researchers were able to gain insights into the genetic potential and ecology of this harmful algal bloom species. This study highlights the importance of sequencing ecologically relevant algae for a better understanding of their genomic potential and ecological roles in the environment.
JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ferdi L. Hellweger, Robbie M. Martin, Falk Eigemann, Derek J. Smith, Gregory J. Dick, Steven W. Wilhelm
Summary: This study conducted a large-scale meta-analysis and found that the succession of harmful cyanobacteria strains is mainly influenced by cellular oxidative stress mitigation strategies and nitrogen limitation. The simulation results showed that reducing phosphorus load can decrease the biomass of cyanobacteria, but increase toxin production and concentration.
Article
Microbiology
Helena L. Pound, Robbie M. Martin, Brittany N. Zepernick, Courtney J. Christopher, Sara M. Howard, Hector F. Castro, Shawn R. Campagna, Gregory L. Boyer, George S. Bullerjahn, Justin D. Chaffin, Steven W. Wilhelm
Summary: The environmental conditions experienced by microbial communities are difficult to simulate in the laboratory. Researchers use experimental containers to manipulate and evaluate natural samples. However, container-based methods can be affected by bottle effects, which are changes that occur when enclosing the plankton community. In a nutrient amendment experiment, changes in heterotrophic bacteria activity and variability in the expression of Microcystis-infecting phage were observed.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Limnology
Laura E. Sofen, Olga A. Antipova, Michael J. Ellwood, Naomi E. Gilbert, Gary R. LeCleir, Maeve C. Lohan, Claire Mahaffey, Elizabeth L. Mann, Daniel C. Ohnemus, Steven W. Wilhelm, Benjamin S. Twining
Summary: Nano- and picophytoplankton, which are major components of open-ocean ecosystems, have little known information about their trace metal contents. This study found that iron limitation reduced iron quotas in Ostreococcus lucimarinus cultures, while the iron contents in Prochlorococcus cultures varied with iron availability. Additionally, the availability of macronutrients and metals may play equally important roles in controlling metal contents of small eukaryotic phytoplankton in the open ocean.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Brittany N. Zepernick, Elizabeth R. Denison, Justin D. Chaffin, George S. Bullerjahn, Christa P. Pennacchio, Thijs Frenken, Daniel H. Peck, James T. Anderson, Derek Niles, Arthur Zastepa, R. Michael L. McKay, Steven W. Wilhelm
Summary: This study reports the assembled metatranscriptomes of microbial communities in Lake Erie surface water, revealing the dominance of diatoms in both winter and spring months. The analysis was conducted across spatial, temporal, and climatic gradients from 2019 to 2020.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Alexander R. Truchon, Eric R. Gann, Steven W. Wilhelm
Summary: In this study, we assembled the genomic sequence of Aureococcus anophagefferens virus into a circular contig using Nanopore and Illumina reads. The genome is 381,717 bp long with a GC content of 29.1%, including a previously unidentified 5-kb region between the predicted polar ends of the reference genome.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Robbie M. Martin, Eric R. Gann, Alex R. Truchon, Gregory L. Boyer, Steven W. Wilhelm
Summary: Pseudanabaena spp. are filamentous cyanobacteria commonly found in temperate lakes. They can occasionally form harmful algal blooms, and a high-quality genome of a toxic crimson cyanobacterial bloom in Lake Salubria, NY was presented.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Brittany N. Zepernick, Steven W. Wilhelm, George S. Bullerjahn, Hans W. Paerl
Summary: This article discusses the problem of the freshwater-marine continuum, which refers to the effects of nutrients and toxic cyanobacterial blooms spreading through water bodies. Historically, marine and freshwater research have been conducted independently, failing to address the exchange of nutrients and biology between these systems.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Brittany N. Zepernick, Alexander R. Truchon, Eric R. Gann, Steven W. Wilhelm
Summary: In this study, we present the assembled and annotated genome of the freshwater diatom Fragilaria crotonensis SAG 28.96. The nuclear genome, with a size of 61.85 Mb, was assembled into 879 contigs and has a GC content of 47.40%. It contains 26,015 predicted genes and exhibits a completeness of 81%.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ferdi L. Hellweger, Charlotte Schampera, Robbie M. Martin, Falk Eigemann, Derek J. Smith, Gregory J. Dick, Steven W. Wilhelm
Summary: In response to the criticism by Huisman et al., this article demonstrates that their claims are based on incomplete evidence, misinterpretation of data, or do not actually refute our model. While our model, like any ecosystem models, has its simplifications and uncertainties, it outperforms existing approaches that ignore biology and cannot predict toxin concentration.
Article
Microbiology
Brittany N. Zepernick, David J. Niknejad, Gwendolyn F. Stark, Alexander R. Truchon, Robbie M. Martin, Karen L. Rossignol, Hans W. Paerl, Steven W. Wilhelm
Summary: Research has shown that high pH levels decrease growth and Si deposition rates in freshwater diatoms, but the physiological mechanisms and transcriptional responses associated with these observations remain to be fully documented. This study suggests potential mechanisms contributing to morphological and physiological effects of pH shifts on diatoms.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Limnology
Robbie M. Martin, Maddie K. Denney, Helena L. Pound, Justin D. Chaffin, George S. Bullerjahn, R. Michael L. McKay, Arthur Zastepa, Katarina A. Jones, Hector F. Castro, Shawn R. Campagna, Steven W. Wilhelm
Summary: Phosphorus availability plays a crucial role in primary production and cyanobacterial blooms in lakes. Phospholipid substitution by sulfolipids has been established as an indicator of phosphorus stress in marine phytoplankton. This study shows that sulfatequinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) to phosphatidylglycerol (PG) ratio can serve as a biomarker for phosphorus stress in freshwater phytoplankton communities, providing valuable insights into nutrient history and phosphorus scarcity.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Naomi E. Gilbert, Gary R. LeCleir, Helena L. Pound, Robert F. Strzepek, Michael J. Ellwood, Benjamin S. Twining, Simon Roux, Philip W. Boyd, Steven W. Wilhelm
Summary: Viruses can impact the abundance, evolution, and metabolism of microorganisms in the ocean, playing a critical role in biogeochemistry and carbon cycles. This study investigates the diversity and activity of giant viruses in the subpolar Southern Ocean and finds that these viruses exhibit depth-dependent structuring and metabolic reprogramming of their hosts under different physicochemical conditions. Additionally, the study shows that iron availability affects the activity of giant viruses. These findings enhance our understanding of how the water column and environmental factors shape the viral community in the Southern Ocean.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Gwendolyn F. Stark, Robbie M. Martin, Laura E. Smith, Bofan Wei, Ferdi L. Hellweger, George S. Bullerjahn, R. Michael L. Mckay, Gregory L. Boyer, Steven W. Wilhelm
Summary: The increase in microcystin quota per cell in Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7806 provides a fitness advantage during growth at lower temperatures, while a non-toxigenic mutant strain employs compensatory mechanisms to defend against reactive oxygen species without the presence of microcystin.
Article
Microbiology
Daniel J. Wieczynski, Kristin M. Yoshimura, Elizabeth R. Denison, Stefan Geisen, Jennifer M. DeBruyn, A. Jonathan Shaw, David J. Weston, Dale A. Pelletier, Steven W. Wilhelm, Jean P. Gibert
Summary: We provide a roadmap for understanding the impact of viral infections within microbial food webs on ecosystem carbon and nutrient cycling in the context of global warming. Microorganisms play a crucial role in carbon and nutrient cycles and act as a link between ecosystems and climate. However, viral infections within complex microbial food webs pose a significant challenge in predicting and understanding ecosystem responses to warming. We highlight the need for further research on virus-microbe-temperature interactions and their effects on ecosystem functioning in the face of climate change.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
(2023)