Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Victor K. Outlaw, Ross W. Cheloha, Eric M. Jurgens, Francesca T. Bovier, Yun Zhu, Dale F. Kreitler, Olivia Harder, Stefan Niewiesk, Matteo Porotto, Samuel H. Gellman, Anne Moscona
Summary: Lower respiratory tract infections in children globally are largely caused by parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs), with no available vaccines or effective treatments against these pathogens. Research has shown that lipopeptides derived from HPIV3 F can inhibit infection, and the modification of the peptide backbone with beta-amino acid residues has resulted in improved antiviral activity and in vivo stability.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Paola Rota, Francesco Bonfante, Luigi Anastasia, Paolo La Rocca, Matteo Pagliari, Marco Piccoli, Federica Cirillo, Andrea Ghiroldi, Valentina Franco, Carlo Pappone, Pietro Allevi
Summary: Global infections with Paramyxoviridae viruses, such as NDV and hPIVs, are a serious threat to animal and human health. The development of an efficient experimental NDV host model (chicken) may help evaluate the efficacy of hPIVs-HN inhibitors. Newly synthesized sialic acid derivatives showed high neuraminidase inhibitory activity against NDV, with four molecules confirming their in vitro inhibitory activity and low toxicity.
ACS INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Hui-Xian Wang, Mao-Sen Zeng, Yi Ye, Jin-Yuan Liu, Pei-Ping Xu
Summary: Puerarin, a major isoflavone compound from Pueraria lobata root, exhibits various properties including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiviral effects. It shows inhibitory activity against H1N1 influenza virus by blocking viral NP transport and newly formed virus particle release. In vivo studies demonstrate its potential as a treatment for influenza virus infection, with effective antiviral activity and reduced inflammation in the lungs.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Zhi Jian Zhong, Xiao Tong Hu, Li Ping Cheng, Xing Yong Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Ju Zhang
Summary: A new lead NA inhibitor, compound 4b, was discovered in this study, showing potent inhibitory activity against NA and avian influenza H5N1. The results may offer insightful help for the development of new NA inhibitors.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Saori Suzuki, Cong Thanh Nguyen, Ayako Ogata-Nakahara, Akihiro Shibata, Hiroyuki Osaka, Hirohito Ishigaki, Masatoshi Okamatsu, Yoshihiro Sakoda, Hiroshi Kida, Kazumasa Ogasawara, Yasushi Itoh
Summary: The study revealed that H7N9 avian influenza virus Dk/HE29-22 caused severe symptoms and pneumonia in macaques, but treatment with baloxavir significantly reduced viral titers in the primates. Additionally, interferon levels were highest in the baloxavir-treated group, suggesting a potential therapeutic benefit in reducing influenza severity.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alexander L. Greninger, Ksenia Rybkina, Michelle J. Lin, Jennifer Drew-Bear, Tara C. Marcink, Ryan C. Shean, Negar Makhsous, Michael Boeckh, Olivia Harder, Francesca Bovier, Shana R. Burstein, Stefan Niewiesk, Bert K. Rima, Matteo Porotto, Anne Moscona
Summary: Respiratory viruses have the ability to evolve within the respiratory tract under the selective pressure of the host environment or drug treatment. Long-term infections in immunocompromised hosts lead to viral evolution and development of infectious variants. In chronic human parainfluenza virus 3 (HPIV3) infection, mutations favoring viral entry and persistence were observed, suggesting potential evolution of viruses to alter their biophysical characteristics to persist in the face of host-directed therapeutics.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Fu-Lu Chu, Hong-Ling Wen, Gui-Hua Hou, Bin Lin, Wen-Qiang Zhang, Yan-Yan Song, Guijie Ren, Cheng-Xi Sun, Zhen-Mei Li, Zhiyu Wang
Summary: This study reveals that the mutated amino acids investigated play a critical role in the fusion process between the virus and cells, significantly reducing the virus' hemadsorption and fusogenic activities.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Paola Rota, Paolo La Rocca, Francesco Bonfante, Matteo Pagliari, Federica Cirillo, Marco Piccoli, Andrea Ghiroldi, Valentina Franco, Carlo Pappone, Pietro Allevi, Luigi Anastasia
Summary: This study focuses on the potential of C5- and C4-modified 2,3-unsaturated sialic acid (DANA) inhibitors and highlights their interaction with the hPIV1-HN enzyme. It shows that replacing the C5 isopropyl group in BCX 2798 with a trifluoroacetyl function increases inhibitory potency. The study also explores the special properties of the catalytic site of hPIV1-HN and presents a newly identified potent inhibitor with preferred C5 trifluoro-acetamido and C4 trifluoro-sulfonyl-amide groups.
ACS MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Nan Shao, Bo Liu, Yan Xiao, Xinming Wang, Lili Ren, Jie Dong, Lilian Sun, Yafang Zhu, Ting Zhang, Fan Yang
Summary: This study investigated the genetic diversity and evolution of human parainfluenza viruses circulating in China by sequencing samples from patients infected with HPIV1-4 from 2012 to 2018. The results showed co-circulation of HPIV1-4 in China, with sub-clusters of HPIV3 also co-circulating. Recombination events were identified in the HN gene of HPIV3, and several amino acid substitution sites were found in the obtained sequences. These findings have implications for virus evolution, vaccine development, and monitoring respiratory diseases related to HPIVs.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jeremy C. Jones, Hui-Ling Yen, Peter Adams, Kimberly Armstrong, Elena A. Govorkova
Summary: Effective antivirals play a crucial role in the early phase of an influenza pandemic, before vaccines are available. Currently, two classes of antiviral drugs are approved for influenza treatment, but resistance has been observed. Therefore, it is important to develop novel antiviral options that target both the virus and the host. This review explores the drawbacks of current antivirals and ongoing research on new agents or combination therapies to address these limitations.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Vasilis C. Pliasas, Zach Menne, Virginia Aida, Ji-Hang Yin, Maria C. Naskou, Peter J. Neasham, J. Fletcher North, Dylan Wilson, Katharine A. Horzmann, Joshy Jacob, Ioanna Skountzou, Constantinos S. Kyriakis
Summary: This study evaluated the immunogenicity and efficacy of a novel vaccine against influenza virus infection in a pig model. The results showed that the vaccine induced high levels of anti-NA antibodies and provided protection comparable to a commercial vaccine.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Xiren Deng, Qimin Wang, Mei Liu, Qinwen Zheng, Fan Wu, Jinghe Huang
Summary: In this study, it was found that tetrameric NA with natural conformation is necessary to induce protective anti-NA immunity. The NA tetramer provides homologous protection and subtype-specific cross-protection. Additionally, aluminum adjuvant is preferred in recombinant NA protein vaccination.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Naoki Tani, Naoki Kawai, Yong Chong, Takuma Bando, Norio Iwaki, Seizaburo Kashiwagi, Hideyuki Ikematsu
Summary: This study investigated the susceptibility of epidemic influenza viruses to neuraminidase inhibitors and the emergence of resistant viruses after treatment. The results suggest the continued effectiveness of these inhibitors for epidemic influenza in Japan. Treatment-emergent resistant viruses were detected after oseltamivir treatment.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julia Tabatabai, Paul Schnitzler, Christiane Prifert, Martin Schiller, Benedikt Weissbrich, Marie von Lilienfeld-Toal, Daniel Teschner, Karin Jordan, Carsten Mueller-Tidow, Gerlinde Egerer, Nicola Giesen
Summary: This study assessed the morbidity and mortality of parainfluenza virus (PIV) infections in immunocompromised patients by analyzing PIV infections in a hematology and stem cell transplantation (SCT) unit over three years. The results showed significant morbidity and mortality of PIV infection in these patients, with the possibility of long-term viral shedding and nosocomial transmission.
Article
Virology
Hae-Ji Kang, Ki-Back Chu, Keon-Woong Yoon, Gi-Deok Eom, Jie Mao, Min-Ju Kim, Su-Hwa Lee, Eun-Kyung Moon, Fu-Shi Quan
Summary: Research suggests that avian influenza VLP vaccines expressing multiple neuraminidases can provide both homologous and heterosubtypic protection against different subtypes, offering a promising approach for developing a universal influenza A vaccine against avian and human influenza virus infections.