Article
Cell Biology
Juzeng Zheng, Ziqiang Xia, Yilun Xu, Zhanfan Ou, Xianfan Lin, Sisi Jin, Yang Liu, Jinming Wu
Summary: This study investigated the binding energies and affinities between HBV DNA polymerase epitopes and the HLA-A0201 molecule through molecular docking and experiments. Several epitopes showed low binding energy, while some had high binding affinity. T cells stimulated by specific epitopes were found to induce immune response and suppress HBV, making them promising targets for designing an epitope-based therapeutic vaccine against HBV.
Article
Immunology
Hongming Huang, Meike Ruckborn, Vu Thuy Khanh Le-Trilling, Dan Zhu, Shangqing Yang, Wenqing Zhou, Xuecheng Yang, Xuemei Feng, Yinping Lu, Mengji Lu, Ulf Dittmer, Dongliang Yang, Mirko Trilling, Jia Liu
Summary: Research showed that vaccines based on MCMV can accelerate HBV clearance and enhance HBV-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses. Particularly, combining the initial Delta M27-HBs vaccination with DNA boost vaccination can increase intrahepatic HBs-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses and promote HBV clearance.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Shuaibu Abdullahi Hudu, Abdulgafar Olayiwola Jimoh, Kasimu Ghandi Ibrahim, Ahmed Subeh Alshrari
Summary: Viral hepatitis, particularly hepatitis B virus (HBV), is a major global health concern, causing liver cirrhosis and malignancy. Despite the availability of a preventative vaccine, a significant percentage of the global population still suffers from chronic HBV infection, leading to long-term complications such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. Current therapies are insufficient in achieving functional cure for most patients, highlighting the urgent need for novel medications.
Review
Immunology
Rodrigo Velazquez-Moctezuma, Elias H. Augestad, Matteo Castelli, Christina Holmboe Olesen, Nicola Clementi, Massimo Clementi, Nicasio Mancini, Jannick Prentoe
Summary: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection causes severe liver-related diseases and leads to a significant number of deaths annually. The lack of an efficient prophylactic vaccine can be attributed to the high genetic variability and escape mutations of the virus, posing challenges to vaccine development efforts.
Article
Immunology
Nicole E. Skinner, Clinton O. Ogega, Nicole Frumento, Kaitlyn E. Clark, Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian, Kornel Schuebel, Jennifer Meyers, Anuj Gupta, Sarah Wheelan, Andrea L. Cox, James E. Crowe Jr, Stuart C. Ray, Justin R. Bailey
Summary: By analyzing the B cell receptors (BCRs) of HCV-infected individuals, researchers identified distinctive BCR features associated with broad neutralization of HCV. These features include long heavy chain complementarity determining region 3 (CDRH3) regions, specific VH gene usage, increased frequencies of somatic hypermutation, and particular VH gene mutations. Further study of these antibodies can inform HCV vaccine development.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yonghong Liu, Shirin Strohmeier, Irene Gonzalez-Dominguez, Jessica Tan, Viviana Simon, Florian Krammer, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Peter Palese, Weina Sun
Summary: By generating and sequentially vaccinating mice with inactivated influenza B viruses displaying mosaic HAs, researchers have successfully induced long-lasting and cross-protective antibody responses. These findings represent a significant step towards the development of a universal influenza B virus vaccine.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Grazia A. Niro, Arianna Ferro, Francesca Cicerchia, Isabella Brascugli, Marilena Durazzo
Summary: HDV, a small RNA virus requiring HBsAg for its assembly and transmission, co-infects with HBV and is more prevalent in certain populations, causing severe and rapidly progressive hepatitis. Interferon has been the main treatment option, but research has introduced new therapies targeting specific steps in the HDV life cycle.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Dorien De Pooter, Ellen Van Gulck, Antony Chen, Claire F. Evans, Jean-Marc Neefs, Helen Horton, Daniel Boden
Summary: Despite the availability of a prophylactic vaccine for HBV for over 30 years, nearly 300 million people are still chronically infected worldwide. Chronic HBV patients exhibit weak CD8(+) T-cell responses, but a therapeutic DNA vaccine has shown to induce robust immune responses in both healthy and infected animal models.
Article
Immunology
Anna A. Minta, Maria Wilda T. Silva, Achyut Shrestha, Maricel de Quiroz-Castro, Rania A. Tohme, Mario E. Quimson, Mario Antonio Jiz, Joseph Woodring
Summary: The prevalence of HBsAg among children aged 5-7 in the Philippines has significantly decreased, especially after hepatitis B vaccination. However, timely HepB-BD vaccination still faces challenges and requires strengthened awareness and implementation measures.
Review
Immunology
Percy A. Knolle, Li-Rung Huang, Anna Kosinska, Dirk Wohlleber, Ulrike Protzer
Summary: Chronic hepatitis B affects over 250 million individuals worldwide, with prophylactic vaccination only establishing protective immunity but not eliminating HBV infections in patients. Current research focuses on therapeutic vaccination strategies and additional immune stimulation measures to improve efficacy in treating chronic hepatitis B.
Article
Immunology
Yakun Tian, Wei Hua, Yaxin Wu, Tong Zhang, Wen Wang, Hao Wu, Caiping Guo, Xiaojie Huang
Summary: A meta-analysis study found that a double dose and multiple injections of the HBV vaccine were more effective in inducing immune responses in people living with HIV compared to the standard dose. Participants with higher CD4+ T-cell levels showed better vaccine response rates, highlighting the importance of timely HBV vaccination in individuals infected with HIV.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Doaa Mohammed Youssef, Amal S. S. El-Shal, Rabab M. M. Elbehidy, Mohamed Adel Fouda, Sally M. M. Shalaby, Lamiaa Lotfy El Hawy, Abdelrahman Fathi Elsadek, Mayy Abd Alfattah Neemat-Allah, Seham M. M. Ramadan, Amal Gohary, Faika Arab, Mona Alsharkawy, Sabry Abdel Rahman Tolba, Mohamed Mohamed Abdelsalam, Ezzat Kamel Amin, Mona Hamed Gehad
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the immune response to hepatitis B vaccine in children on hemodialysis and analyze the interfering factors. Results showed that 70% of the children had poor immune response to the vaccine, with only 30% showing a high-level response. Factors such as sex, dialysis duration, and HCV infection were significantly related to the poor response.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yu Liu, Minyi Zhang, Meiling Yang, Qing Chen
Summary: The study on adverse events following hepatitis B virus vaccination in Guangdong Province, China from 2005 to 2017 found a low incidence of adverse reactions, with most cases being relatively mild and neurological events being rare.
Review
Cell Biology
Fanyun Kong, Fulong Zhang, Xiangye Liu, Suping Qin, Xiaoying Yang, Delong Kong, Xiucheng Pan, Hongjuan You, Kuiyang Zheng, Renxian Tang
Summary: Calcium acts as a ubiquitous second messenger in HBV infection, elevating cytosolic Ca2+ levels through different channels and promoting viral replication. Targeting Ca2+ signaling is an effective approach for the treatment of HBV infection.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sun Woong Kim, Jun Sik Yoon, Minjong Lee, Yuri Cho
Summary: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious global public health problem, and there is currently no complete cure. The focus of recent research has been on achieving a functional cure for HBV through combination therapies and immunomodulators. New therapeutic approaches and clinical trials are being conducted to find a long-lasting cure for HBV infection.
CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR HEPATOLOGY
(2022)