Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yin Zheng, Yanhong Shang, Mengyun Li, Yunzhou Li, Wuqing Ouyang
Summary: This study compared the antifungal activities of neral and geranial against Trichophyton rubrum, finding that geranial exhibited stronger inhibition and more promising ergosterol biosynthesis inhibition effects.
Article
Plant Sciences
Adriana Trifan, Andra-Cristina Bostanaru, Simon Vlad Luca, Veronika Temml, Muhammad Akram, Sonja Herdlinger, Lukasz Kulinowski, Krystyna Skalicka-Wozniak, Sebastian Granica, Monika E. Czerwinska, Aleksandra Kruk, Helene Greige-Gerges, Mihai Mares, Daniela Schuster
Summary: This study found that honokiol and magnolol have high activity against dermatophyte infections, acting as fungicidal agents through inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis. Synergistic effects were observed when magnolol was combined with terbinafine, while honokiol only showed additive effects. Additionally, magnolol displayed inhibitory effects on pro-inflammatory cytokines released by stimulated human neutrophils.
Article
Microbiology
Connie F. Canete-Gibas, James Mele, Hoja P. Patterson, Carmita J. Sanders, Dora Ferrer, Victor Garcia, Hongxin Fan, Marjorie David, Nathan P. Wiederhold
Summary: Dermatophytes are common pathogens causing skin, hair, and nail infections in humans. A study evaluated the antifungal susceptibility profiles and species identification of dermatophytes received from North America, revealing relatively common terbinafine resistance and the presence of Trichophyton indotineae in multiple areas. Continued surveillance is necessary.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Diletta Mazzantini, Francesco Celandroni, Marco Calvigioni, Antonella Lupetti, Emilia Ghelardi
Summary: The emergence/evolution of resistance against tavaborole in Trichophyton rubrum was analyzed in vitro, showing different frequency and levels of resistance under varying concentrations and exposure durations. Mutants isolated had similar increases in drug resistance, but no cross-resistance to other antifungals was observed.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Karen Marie Thyssen Astvad, Rasmus Kroger Hare, Karin Meinike Jorgensen, Ditte Marie Lindhardt Saunte, Philip Kjettinge Thomsen, Maiken Cavling Arendrup
Summary: Terbinafine resistance in Trichophyton species is increasing in Denmark, with a high prevalence of non-wildtype isolates and known/novel SQLE mutations. T. rubrum is the most common species, but T. mentagrophytes/interdigitale SC isolates also contribute to resistance. Population-based studies and susceptibility testing are important for understanding and addressing this emerging problem.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Basem M. M. Abdallah, Peramaiyan Rajendran, Enas M. M. Ali
Summary: In this study, green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AS-AgNPs) using Achillea santolina extract were found to have anti-dermatophytic potential against Trichophyton rubrum. AS-AgNPs inhibited the growth of T. rubrum, suppressed conidial germination and hyphal growth, and caused structural and membrane damage. Moreover, AS-AgNPs reduced cell wall integrity and inflammatory response. Overall, AS-AgNPs represent a novel green topical therapy for T. rubrum dermatophytosis.
Article
Microbiology
Flaviane M. Galvao-Rocha, Carlos H. L. Rocha, Maira P. Martins, Pablo R. Sanches, Tamires A. Bitencourt, Matthew S. Sachs, Nilce M. Martinez-Rossi, Antonio Rossi
Summary: SRT alters gene expression related to fungal cell wall and plasma membrane stability, energy metabolism, detoxification, and defense against oxidative stress in T. rubrum, providing potential targets for its use in treating dermatophytosis.
Article
Dermatology
Anamika Bhattacharyya, Suresh Sadhasivam, Mau Sinha, Swati Gupta, Swamini Saini, Himanshi Singh, Ananta Khurana, Soumya Sachdeva, Kabir Sardana, Shamik Ghosh
Summary: This study conducted a proteomic and genomic analysis on isolates from therapeutically recalcitrant cases of dermatophyte infections. The findings revealed gene mutations and enzymatic abnormalities that may explain the failures of antifungal treatment. Multiple gene mutations were identified in the resistant strains, including those predicting resistance to terbinafine and azole drugs, as well as efflux pumps associated with multidrug resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Tsuyoshi Yamada, Takashi Yaguchi, Takashi Tamura, Christine Pich, Karine Salamin, Marc Feuermann, Michel Monod
Summary: The terbinafine resistant strain of Trichophyton rubrum TIMM20092 exhibited reduced sensitivity to itraconazole (ITC) and voriconazole (VRC), with the up-regulation of multidrug transporters TruMDR2 and TruMDR3 playing a key role in its resistance mechanisms. Deletion of TruMDR3 in TIMM20092 eliminated resistance to VRC and significantly reduced resistance to ITC, highlighting TruMDR2 as a major contributor to ITC resistance in this strain.
Article
Biology
Mohamed Hussain Syed Abuthakir, Munirah Abdullah Al-Dosary, Ashraf Atef Hatamleh, Hissah Abdulrahman Alodaini, P. Perumal, Muthusamy Jeyam
Summary: This study investigates the inhibitory effects of compounds from the epicarp of B. aegyptiaca on Trichophyton rubrum. The compound Platyphylloside exhibits better anti-fungal activity and stability when interacting with CYP450, suggesting its potential as an inhibitor for T. rubrum.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Mycology
Rui Kano, Honoka Nojo, Hiromitsu Noguchi
Summary: In this study, the researchers induced terbinafine resistance in a T. rubrum strain and compared the genomes of the resistant and susceptible strains. They found that the only variation associated with drug resistance in the resistant strain was a hotspot mutation in the SQLE gene.
Article
Dermatology
Katharina Seidel, Lutz F. F. Tietze, Christian Braun, Miriam Mann, Anette Kerschnitzki, Julia K. K. Tietze
Summary: This study aimed to explore the heat sensitivity of Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton interdigitale as pathogens of onychomycosis. The results showed that growth of T. rubrum was completely inhibited after heating at 60 degrees C for five minutes, while T. interdigitale regrew in all samples after the same treatment and did not regrow at 95 degrees C. The heat resistance of T. rubrum and interdigitale should be considered in non-medical thermal treatment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Marcos E. R. Lopes, Tamires A. Bitencourt, Pablo R. Sanches, Maira P. Martins, Vanderci M. Oliveira, Antonio Rossi, Nilce M. Martinez-Rossi
Summary: Dermatophytes are difficult to treat due to their ability to neutralize the stress caused by antifungal drugs. This resistance is achieved through mechanisms such as drug efflux and biofilm formation. Alternative splicing has also been identified as a mechanism that enhances fungal adaptive responses. This study used RNA-seq data to investigate alternative splicing in genes encoding efflux pumps in the dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum. The findings suggest that alternative splicing plays a role in drug tolerance and antifungal resistance, particularly in biofilms.
Article
Microbiology
Carlos H. Lopes Rocha, Flaviane M. Galvao Rocha, Tamires A. Bitencourt, Maira P. Martins, Pablo R. Sanches, Antonio Rossi, Nilce M. Martinez-Rossi
Summary: The antidepressant sertraline (SRT) alone or in combination with caspofungin (CASP) exhibits antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum, targeting genes involved in cell wall and ergosterol biosynthesis. This combination shows potential in minimizing resistance and reducing virulence of the pathogen.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Meizhu Yang, Weihong Lai, Junjian Li, Lianbao Ye
Summary: Phloroglucinols from Dryopteris fragrans exhibit strong antifungal activity. The study synthesized a series of phloroglucinol derivatives and evaluated their antifungal activity against different fungal species. Certain compounds showed potent activity, indicating their potential as leads for new antifungal agents.
PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biology
Daniela Monti, Silvia Tampucci, Valentina Paganini, Susi Burgalassi, Patrizia Chetoni, Jordi Galvan, Francesco Celandroni, Emilia Ghelardi
Summary: The study suggests that applying CPX-HPCH nail lacquer twice a day on nails affected by onychomycosis pre-covered with breathable cosmetic polish can achieve similar results as daily application without the cosmetic layer.
Article
Ophthalmology
Rita Mencucci, Emilia Ghelardi, Francesco Celandroni, Costanza Mazzantini, Alessandra Vecchione, Domenico Edoardo Pellegrini-Giampietro, Eleonora Favuzza, Elisa Landucci
Summary: The study evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial activity of a new liposomal ocular spray, Oftasecur, and its effects on cultured human corneal and conjunctival cells. The results showed that Oftasecur had a wide-spectrum antibacterial effect and minimal cytotoxicity on the cells.
OPHTHALMOLOGY AND THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Emilia Ghelardi, Ana Teresa Abreu y Abreu, Christian Boggio Marzet, Guillermo Alvarez Calatayud, Marcos Perez, Ana Paula Moschione Castro
Summary: Bacillus clausii is a probiotic with good tolerance and beneficial properties for human health. Although widely used, its advantages are not fully disseminated. Some properties of Bacillus clausii may bring more health benefits in other therapeutic areas.
Article
Microbiology
Paola Morici, Cosmeri Rizzato, Emilia Ghelardi, Gian Maria Rossolini, Antonella Lupetti
Summary: This study describes the synergistic effect between rifampicin and hLF1-11 against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. The results suggest that hLF1-11 induces a transient loss of membrane potential and increased cell membrane permeability, allowing rifampicin to enter the bacterial cell.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Eleonora Riccobono, Sara Salvetti, Marco Coppi, Iolanda Montenora, Vincenzo Di Pilato, Gian Maria Rossolini
Summary: This study characterized a carbapenem-resistant Citrobacter freundii (Cf-Emp) strain that produced class A, B, and D carbapenemases and was resistant to novel beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations (BLICs) and cefiderocol. The strain belonged to ST22 and each carbapenemase gene was located on a different plasmid, which had transferability. This finding highlights the importance of these strains as reservoirs for disseminating clinically relevant resistance determinants.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Laura Benvenuti, Vanessa D'Antongiovanni, Carolina Pellegrini, Matteo Fornai, Nunzia Bernardini, Chiara Ippolito, Cristina Segnani, Clelia Di Salvo, Rocchina Colucci, Alma Martelli, Lorenzo Flori, Vincenzo Calderone, Gianfranca Carta, Emilia Ghelardi, Marco Calvigioni, Adelaide Panattoni, Raffaella Coppolecchia, Achille Arini, Luca Antonioli
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of alterations in intestinal microbiota and its metabolites on intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and enteric inflammation in obesity, and to assess the therapeutic potential of probiotic Enterococcus faecium (SF68). The results showed that SF68 treatment reduced body weight gain, decreased inflammation markers, and improved intestinal barrier integrity and functionality in obese mice.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Marco Calvigioni, Andrea Bertolini, Simone Codini, Diletta Mazzantini, Adelaide Panattoni, Mariacristina Massimino, Francesco Celandroni, Riccardo Zucchi, Alessandro Saba, Emilia Ghelardi
Summary: In this study, nine common probiotic strains were tested for their ability to secrete short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) using a sensitive and specific HPLC-MS-MS method. All tested microorganisms were shown to secrete acetic acid, with only B. clausii and S. boulardii additionally able to produce propionic and butyric acids. This experimental approach contributes to the characterization of probiotics as SCFA-producing organisms and has implications for addressing SCFA deficiency.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Emilia Ghelardi, Diletta Mazzantini, Francesco Celandroni, Marco Calvigioni, Adelaide Panattoni, Antonella Lupetti, Beatrice Bois De Fer, Marcos Perez III
Summary: In this in vitro study, 21 leading probiotic formulations were evaluated for their microbial content and survivability in simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Most products were consistent with the labels in terms of microbe quantity and probiotic species, but some discrepancies were found. The survivability of microorganisms in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids showed variability. The overall quality of evaluated probiotic products was good, but stringent quality controls should always be performed for optimal health benefits.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Marco Calvigioni, Adelaide Panattoni, Francesco Biagini, Leonardo Donati, Diletta Mazzantini, Mariacristina Massimino, Costanza Daddi, Francesco Celandroni, Giovanni Vozzi, Emilia Ghelardi
Summary: Culturing gut microbiota in vitro is a viable approach for studying microbial dynamics and the effects of perturbations on the gut community. This study aimed to replicate mucus-associated microbial populations using an established three-dimensional model of the human gut microbiota. Gelatin structures coated with or without mucins were inoculated with fecal samples and compared for microbial adhesion, growth, and composition of colonizing communities. Mucin-coated structures promoted the enrichment of mucosa-associated microorganisms like Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Erica Tirloni, Cristian Bernardi, Francesco Celandroni, Diletta Mazzantini, Mariacristina Massimino, Simone Stella, Emilia Ghelardi
Summary: This study examined the presence of B. cereus in 122 samples of different types of fresh or short-ripened cheeses sold in the Italian market. The prevalence of B. cereus was found to be 9.8%, with variation among different cheese categories and low bacterial counts. Various characteristics and genes associated with B. cereus strains were analyzed, including toxin production, biofilm formation, and genetic markers. The chemical-physical properties of the cheeses were also evaluated. The study demonstrated the inhibitory effect of low storage temperatures on B. cereus growth.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vanessa D'Antongiovanni, Luca Antonioli, Laura Benvenuti, Carolina Pellegrini, Clelia Di Salvo, Marco Calvigioni, Adelaide Panattoni, Larisa Ryskalin, Gianfranco Natale, Sebastiano Banni, Gianfranca Carta, Emilia Ghelardi, Matteo Fornai
Summary: Treatment with Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 prevents diclofenac-induced enteropathy through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, likely by improving butyrate uptake by the enteric mucosa.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Marco Calvigioni, Adelaide Panattoni, Francesco Biagini, Leonardo Donati, Diletta Mazzantini, Mariacristina Massimino, Costanza Daddi, Francesco Celandroni, Giovanni Vozzi, Emilia Ghelardi
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of Bacillus cereus, a pathogen responsible for food poisoning, on the gut microbiota. The results showed that B. cereus can colonize the intestinal mucosa by adhering to mucins, leading to significant changes in the composition of the intestinal microbial communities, including reductions in Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus, and Akkermansia, and increases in Bifidobacterium and Mitsuokella.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Giovanna Batoni, Elisa Catelli, Esinguel Kaya, Arianna Pompilio, Marta Bianchi, Emilia Ghelardi, Giovanni Di Bonaventura, Semih Esin, Giuseppantonio Maisetta
Summary: Therapy of lung infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis patients is challenging due to the presence of sticky mucus and antibiotic-tolerant biofilm. This study evaluates the growth of probiotic strains in an artificial sputum medium and their effects on planktonic and biofilm growth of clinical strains of P. aeruginosa. The results show that Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum can grow in the sputum medium and inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa, including the pre-formed biofilm.
Correction
Medicine, General & Internal
Alessandra Vecchione, Francesco Celandroni, Diletta Mazzantini, Sonia Senesi, Antonella Lupetti, Emilia Ghelardi
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Francesco Biagini, Costanza Daddi, Marco Calvigioni, Carmelo De Maria, Yu Shrike Zhang, Emilia Ghelardi, Giovanni Vozzi
Summary: The human gut microbiota is considered to be a crucial metabolic organ that plays a significant role in the host's physiology. Imbalances in microbial composition are often associated with human disorders and pathologies, requiring new investigative strategies and pharmaceutical therapies for treatment.
BIO-DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)