Article
Infectious Diseases
Adriana Plankaova, Marie Brajerova, Vaclav Capek, Gabriela Balikova Novotna, Pete Kinross, Jana Skalova, Anna Soltesova, Pavel Drevinek, Marcela Krutova
Summary: This study investigated the epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in Slovakian hospitals after the emergence of ribotype 176 (027-like) in 2016. The results showed that the newly-predominant RT176 and endemic RT001 are driving the epidemiology of CDI in Slovakia. The use of fluoroquinolones and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B antibiotics contributes to the spread of these epidemic lineages.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Elena Novakova, Zuzana Stofkova, Vladimira Sadlonova, Lukas Hleba
Summary: This study analyzed the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of C. difficile isolates from patients with CDI in Slovakia, revealing a high prevalence of RT176 and 001.
Article
Immunology
Masoumeh Azimirad, Maryam Noori, Sahar Amirkamali, Gelareh Nasiri, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei, Abbas Yadegar, Daniel J. Klionsky, Mohammad Reza Zali
Summary: This study reveals that C. difficile bacteria can induce autophagy through both toxin-dependent and independent mechanisms, suggesting the potential role of other C. difficile virulence factors in autophagy modulation.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Miad Elahi, Haruyuki Nakayama-Imaohji, Masahito Hashimoto, Ayano Tada, Hisashi Yamasaki, Tamiko Nagao, Tomomi Kuwahara
Summary: The gut symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BT) suppresses Clostridium difficile (CD) toxin production by inhibiting polysaccharide metabolism pathways. Polysaccharide fractions derived from BT can suppress CD toxin production, with cell wall-associated glycans playing a key role in this inhibitory effect.
Article
Immunology
Ren-feng Zhang, Yu-xia Man, Yuan-yuan Bai, Chun-hong Shao, Chun-mei Liu, Cong-hui Wang, Yong-xing Lei, Yong Wang, Yan Jin
Summary: This study identified and characterized five C. difficile 027 isolates in China, showing high resistance to fluoroquinolones. These isolates were confirmed through MLST, PCR ribotyping, and whole genome sequencing. The findings suggest that C. difficile 027 infections may be neglected in China, warranting further epidemiological studies nationwide.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Piccioni, Federico Rosa, Federica Manca, Giulia Pignataro, Christian Zanza, Gabriele Savioli, Marcello Covino, Veronica Ojetti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesco Franceschi, Marcello Candelli
Summary: The composition of the human microbiome plays a crucial role in health, and alterations in the microbiota can lead to Clostridium difficile infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Perezimor Etifa, Cesar Rodriguez, Celine Harmanus, Ingrid M. J. G. Sanders, Igor A. Sidorov, Olufunmilayo A. Mohammed, Emily Savage, Andrew R. Timms, Jane Freeman, Wiep Klaas Smits, Mark H. Wilcox, Simon D. Baines
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of metronidazole-resistant non-toxigenic Clostridioides difficile strains (NTCD-E4) in preventing C. difficile infection facilitated by various antimicrobials in an in vitro human gut model. The results showed that NTCD-E4 inhibited cytotoxin production and prevented infection by the pathogenic strain RT027.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dorota Wultanska, Bohdan Paterczyk, Julita Nowakowska, Hanna Pituch
Summary: The study investigated the antibacterial and antibiotic activity of bee products against Clostridioides difficile strains with different ribotypes. The research found that Manuka honey, pine honey, and bee bread showed antibacterial activity against C. difficile strains, and at subinhibitory concentrations, they increased the adhesion of the bacteria.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ibrahim A. Al-Zahrani
Summary: Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection is a global threat to many healthcare settings. Excessive use of antimicrobials, lack of optimal antibiotic policies, and suboptimal infection control practices have fueled the development of this health issue. Prudent use of antimicrobials and simple infection control measures can significantly reduce infection rates.
SAUDI MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Dorota Wultanska, Pawel Karpinski, Michal Piotrowski, Hanna Pituch
Summary: Sub-MIC concentrations of metronidazole affect the biofilm formation of clinical and reference strains of Clostridioides difficile, particularly inducing biofilm formation in hypervirulent RT027 strains.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giovanny Herrera, Daniel Paredes-Sabja, Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo, Juan David Ramirez, Marina Munoz
Summary: Clostridioides difficile is the causative agent of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, with altered intestinal microbiota composition. Microbial species from different domains are associated with CDI, and understanding the relationships among microorganisms may lead to new predictive factors for infection and improved treatment options, reducing morbidity and mortality.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susan Hromada, Yili Qian, Tyler B. Jacobson, Ryan L. Clark, Lauren Watson, Nasia Safdar, Daniel Amador-Noguez, Ophelia S. Venturelli
Summary: This study explores the principles of gut microbiome colonization resistance to the pathogen Clostridioides difficile, demonstrating a strong negative interaction between C. difficile and other species, inhibition mechanisms such as environment acidification and resource competition were identified. Increasing the initial density of C. difficile can increase its abundance in the community, but the maximum achievable abundance is determined by the community context.
MOLECULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Parisa Shoaei, Hasan Shojaei, Seyed Davar Siadat, Arfa Moshiri, Bahareh Vakili, Sima Yadegari, Behrooz Ataei, Farzin Khorvash
Summary: The study assessed the molecular typing and phenotypic characterization isolates of C. difficile in burn patients with diarrhea in Isfahan, Iran. The results showed that CDI remains prevalent in severe burn patients, with specific changes in the gut microbiome of CDI patients.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Waleed A. Hassanain, Julia Spoors, Christopher L. Johnson, Karen Faulds, Neil Keegan, Duncan Graham
Summary: The study introduces a novel testing platform for the rapid and simultaneous detection of two specific biomarkers of Clostridium difficile infection, providing a rapid, selective, sensitive, and cost-effective clinical evaluation method for CDI.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Laura Linares-Garcia, Maria E. Cardenas-Barragan, Winston Hernandez-Ceballos, Carlos S. Perez-Solano, Alizon S. Morales-Guzman, Danielle S. Miller, Max Schmulson
Summary: Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in COVID-19 patients, possibly due to the infection of intestinal cells by the virus through the ACE2 receptor. Antibiotic treatment in patients may lead to gut dysbiosis and Clostridium difficile infection. It has been found that COVID-19 patients have dysbiosis in gut microbiota, which is related to inflammation and severity of the disease. Fungal dysbiosis in the gut has also been observed.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jane Freeman, Jonathan Vernon, Richard Vickers, Mark H. Wilcox
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2016)
Article
Immunology
Caroline H. Chilton, Jane Freeman
INFECTIOUS DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2015)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Grace S. Crowther, Caroline H. Chilton, Sharie L. Todhunter, Scott Nicholson, Jane Freeman, Mark H. Wilcox
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2015)
Article
Microbiology
Jane Freeman, Sally Pilling, Jonathan Vernon, Mark H. Wilcox
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2017)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Mark H. Wilcox, James D. Chalmers, Carl E. Nord, Jane Freeman, Emilio Bouza
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2017)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kate E. Dingle, Xavier Didelot, T. Phuong Quan, David W. Eyre, Nicole Stoesser, Tanya Golubchik, Rosalind M. Harding, Daniel J. Wilson, David Griffiths, Alison Vaughan, John M. Finney, David H. Wyllie, Sarah J. Oakley, Warren N. Fawley, Jane Freeman, Kirsti Morris, Jessica Martin, Philip Howard, Sherwood Gorbach, Ellie J. C. Goldstein, Diane M. Citron, Susan Hopkins, Russell Hope, Alan P. Johnson, Mark H. Wilcox, Timothy E. A. Peto, A. Sarah Walker, Derrick W. Crook
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2017)
Article
Microbiology
D. S. Pickering, J. J. Vernon, J. Freeman, M. H. Wilcox, C. H. Chilton
Review
Infectious Diseases
C. H. Chilton, D. S. Pickering, J. Freeman
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2018)
Article
Infectious Diseases
J. Freeman, J. Vernon, S. Pilling, K. Morris, S. Nicholson, S. Shearman, C. Longshaw, M. H. Wilcox
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2018)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
K. Davies, J. Freeman, S. Mayor
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2018)
Article
Infectious Diseases
J. J. Vernon, M. H. Wilcox, J. Freeman
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2019)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David W. Eyre, Xavier Didelot, Anthony M. Buckley, Jane Freeman, Ines B. Moura, Derrick W. Crook, Tim E. A. Peto, A. SarahWalker, Mark H. Wilcox, Kate E. Dingle
Article
Microbiology
D. S. Pickering, J. J. Vernon, J. Freeman, M. H. Wilcox, C. H. Chilton
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jane Freeman, Jonathan Vernon, Sally Pilling, Kirsti Morris, Scott Nicolson, Sharie Shearman, Emma Clark, Jose Alejandro Palacios-Fabrega, Mark Wilcox, Franz Allerberger, Sabine Pfeiffer, Anita Fiedler, Steliana Huhulescu, Markus Hell, Michel Delmee, Kate Soumillion, Johann van Broeck, Eleonore Ngyuvulu Mantu, Kate Ivanova, Elina Dobreva, Panayiota Maikanti-Charalampous, Otakar Nyc, Jorgen Engberg, Janne Aittoniemi, Frederic Barbut, Catherine Eckert, Helene Marchandin, Helene Jean-Pierre, Mathias Herrmann, Barbara Gaertner, Fabian Berger, Lutz von Mueller, Reinier Mutters, Soeren Schubert, Jana Bader, Maria Orfanidou, Stavroula Smilakou, Ioannis Deliolanis, Eleni Malamou-Lada, Elisabeth Nagy, Edit Urban, Zsuzsanna Barna, Katalin Kristof, Mairead Skally, Fidelma Fitzpatrick, Lynda Fenelon, Frank Dennehy, Katharina Stein, Paola Mastrantonio, Patrizia Spigaglia, Claudio Farina, Francesca Vailati, Marco Passera, Luca Masucci, Maurizzio Sanguinetti, Domenico Nagel, Gianluca Quaranta, Rosalia Graffeo, Teresa Zaccaria, Giovanni Gesu, Maria Chiara Sironi, Arta Balode, Hanna Pituch, Monica Oleastro, Elena Novakova, Vladimira Sadlonova, Jana Kompanikova, Maja Rupnik, Sandra Janezic, Emilio Bouza, Elena Reigadas, Luis Alcala, Josefina Linares, Fe Tubau, Jordi Niubo, Torbjorn Noren, Andreas Widmer, Reno Frei, Adrian Egli, Martin Altwegg, Livia Berlinger, Ed Kuijper, Celine Harmanus, Derek Fairley, James McKenna, Henry Mather, John Coia, Trefor Morris, David Griffiths, Derrick Crook, Tim Planche
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Vernon J. Jon, Wilcox H. Mark, Freeman Jane
Summary: This study characterized a collection of Clostridioides difficile isolates from different time periods and found an increase in antibiotic resistance since the 1980s, with moxifloxacin resistance potentially predating its introduction. There was also observed intra-ribotype diversity among the isolates.